CONDITIONAL LOVE: SINGAPOREANS' PURSUIT OF BASIC PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS SATISFACTION INFLUENCES EVALUATION OF IMMIGRANTS

Master'sMASTER OF SOCIAL SCIENCE

Conditional Love: Threat and Attitudinal Perceptions of Immigrants Depend on Their Instrumentality to Locals’ Basic Psychological Needs

Although threat perceptions are commonly used to explain attitudes toward immigrants, the psychological factors underlying threat are surprisingly understudied. Drawing from goal pursuit and self-determination theory, we examined the perceived instrumentality of immigrants as an antecedent of locals’ threat and attitudinal perceptions. Through four studies (N = 1,372) with different configurations of local population segments and target immigrant groups, we investigated the impact of immigrants’ instrumentality in terms of hindrances to locals’ autonomy, belonging, and competence needs. Including hindrances to our proposed model of threats and attitudes led to an improvement in the overall fit with the data, allowed for a better specification of the threats-to-attitudes pathways, and elucidated the complexity and downstream consequences (endorsement of pro-immigration policies) of attitudes. The present findings underscore the utility of goal-driven approaches to studying intergroup conflicts, and implications for understanding and improving locals’ attitudes toward immigrants are discussed

A Knowledge-Based Software Process Library for Process-Driven Software Development

Process-driven software development represents a new technique for software production, in which a conceptual knowledge representation. called a software process, is used to represent and guide development activities. Management and reuse of software processes therefore becomes a requirement for process-driven software development. In this paper, we present a knowledge-based process library (SPLib) that supports the organization, access and reuse of software processes. SPLib consists of a knowledge base of software process representations. It also provides a set of process operations that support browsing, searching composition and abstraction. These operations reason about the content of software processes as well as maintain proper interdependency relationships among the software processes. To demonstrate the use of SPLib in process-driven software development, we provide a usage scenario where SPLib facilitates the access and reuse of software processes in real applications. 1 Ackn..

Humility Predicts Resistance to Substance Use: A Self-Control Perspective

10.1080/17439760.2019.1689409The Journal of Positive Psychology1601105-11

AKnowledge-Based Software Process Library for Process-Driven Software Development

Process-driven software development represents a new technique for software pro-duction, in which a conceptual knowledge representation. called a software process, is used to represent and guide development activities. Management and reuse of software processes therefore becomes a requirement for process-driven software development. In this paper, we presentaknowledge-based process library (SPLib) that supports the or-ganization, access and reuse of software processes. SPLib consists of a knowledge base of software process representations. It also provides a set of process operations that sup-port browsing, searching composition and abstraction. These operations reason about the content ofsoftware processes as well as maintain proper interdependency relation-ships among the software processes. To demonstrate the use of SPLib in process-driven software development, we provide a usage scenario where SPLib facilitates the access and reuse of software processes in real applications

Aerobic Alcohol Oxidation with a Cerium–Phenanthrolinedione Complex: A Mimic of Lanthanide-Based Methanol Dehydrogenase

The development of efficient catalytic systems that use an environmentally friendly oxidant, such as molecular oxygen, remains an ongoing challenge in the oxidative transformation of hydrocarbons. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a bioinspired cerium(III) catalyst bearing a commercially available 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione (phd) ligand, an inexpensive and efficient molecular model of the pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) cofactor. This Ce–phd complex, in which the cerium(III) ion acts as a Lewis acid center and the phd ligand regulates the redox process, shows good reactivity in the catalytic oxidation of various alcohols using air as an oxidant and no need for any cocatalyst, base, desiccant, or solvent pretreatment. Secondary benzylic and aliphatic alcohols and aromatic primary alcohols were converted to the corresponding ketones and aldehydes with good yields, respectively. In addition, this Ce–phd complex exhibited good chemoselectivity for the oxidation of alcohols over other labile groups, the secondary alcohols over primary alcohols, and benzylic alcohols over aliphatic alcohols by intramolecular and intermolecular competitive reactions. The catalytic reaction mechanism is proposed as a possible hydride transfer process on the basis of the studies of probe substrates, the kinetic isotope effect (KIE), Hammett plot, UV–vis spectra analysis, and stoichiometric reactions. The present results provide not only a practical mimic of PQQ-dependent methanol dehydrogenases (MDH) with earth-abundant cerium and a simple ligand but also an efficient, selective, and sustainable approach to the catalytic aerobic oxidation of alcohols

Massive Enhancement of Photoluminescence through Nanofilm Dewetting

Due to the rather low efficiencies of conjugated polymers in solid films, their successful applications are scarce. However, recently several experiments indicated that a proper control of molecular conformations and stresses acting on the polymers may provide constructive ways to boost efficiency. Here, we report an amazingly large enhancement of photoluminescence as a consequence of strong shear forces acting on the polymer chains during nanofilm dewetting. Such sheared chains exhibited an emission probability many times higher than the nonsheared chains within a nondewetted film. This increase in emission probability was accompanied by the emergence of an additional blue-shifted emission peak, suggesting reductions in conjugation length induced by the dewetting-driven mass redistribution. Intriguingly, exciton quenching on narrow-band-gap substrates was also reduced, indicating suppression of vibronic interactions of excitons. Dewetting and related shearing processes resulting in enhanced photoluminescence efficiency are compatible with existing fabrication methods of polymer-based diodes and solar cells