Contagion and state dependent mutations

Early results of evolutionary game theory showed that the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected on the long run by the best response dynamics with mutation. Bergin and Lipman (1996) qualified this result by showing that for a given population size the evolutionary process can select any strict Nash equilibrium if the probability of choosing a nonbest reply is state-dependent. This paper shows that the unique selection of the risk dominant equilibrium is robust with respect to state dependent mutation in local interaction games. More precisely, for a given mutation structure there exists a minimum population size beyond which the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected. Our result is driven by contagion and cohesion among players, which exists only in local interaction settings and favors the play of the risk dominant strategy. Our result strengthens the equilibrium selection result of evolutionary game theor

Entry Deterrence in Durable-Goods Monopoly

Some industries support Schumpeter's notion of creative destruction through innovative entrants. Others exhibit a single, persistent technological leadership. This paper explores a durable-goods monopolist threatened by entry via a new generation of the durable good. It is shown that the durability of the good either acts as an entry barrier itself or creates an opportunity for the incumbent firm to deter entry by limit pricing. As a consequence, the industry tends to remain monopolized, with successive generations of the durable good being introduced by the incumbent monopolist. We show that entry deterrence by limit pricing can lead to underinvestment in innovation.

Contagion and state dependent mutations

Early results of evolutionary game theory showed that the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected on the long run by the best response dynamics with mutation. Bergin and Lipman (1996) qualified this result by showing that for a given population size the evolutionary process can select any strict Nash equilibrium if the probability of choosing a nonbest reply is state-dependent. This paper shows that the unique selection of the risk dominant equilibrium is robust with respect to state dependent mutation in local interaction games. More precisely, for a given mutation structure there exists a minimum population size beyond which the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected. Our result is driven by contagion and cohesion among players, which exists only in local interaction settings and favors the play of the risk dominant strategy. Our result strengthens the equilibrium selection result of evolutionary game theory

Contagion and State Dependent Mutations

Early results of evolutionary game theory showed that the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected in the long run under the best-response dynamics with mutation. Bergin and Lipman (1996) qualified this result by showing that for a given population size the evolutionary process can select any strict Nash equilibrium if the probability of choosing a nonbest response is state-dependent. This paper shows that the unique selection of the risk dominant equilibrium is robust with respect to state dependent mutation in local interaction games. More precisely, for a given mutation structure there exists a minimum population size beyond which the risk dominant equilibrium is uniquely selected. Our result is driven by contagion and cohesion among players, which exist only in local interaction settings and favor the risk dominant strategy. Our result strengthens the equilibrium selection result of evolutionary game theory.contagion, state dependent mutations, risk dominance, local interaction games

Object-oriented construction of a multigrid electronic-structure code with Fortran 90

We describe the object-oriented implementation of a higher-order finite-difference density-functional code in Fortran 90. Object-oriented models of grid and related objects are constructed and employed for the implementation of an efficient one-way multigrid method we have recently proposed for the density-functional electronic-structure calculations. Detailed analysis of performance and strategy of the one-way multigrid scheme will be presented.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Comput. Phys. Com

Scaling of Gas Diffusion into Limited Partial Cavity and Interaction of Vertical Jet with Cross-flow beneath Horizontal Surface.

Scaling of Gas Diffusion into Limited Partial Cavity: Bubble populations in the wake of a partial cavity resulting from gas diffusion were measured to determine the non-condensable gas flux into the cavity. The diffusion rate is related to the dissolved gas content, the local cavity pressure, and the flow within and around the cavity. The measurements are used to revisit various scaling relationships for the gas diffusion, and it is found that traditional scaling that assume the presence of a gas pocket over-predict the gas diffusion. A new scaling based on diffusion into low void-fraction bubbly mixture within the partial cavity is proposed, and it is shown to adequately scale the observed production of gas bubbles. Interaction of Vertical Jet with Cross-flow beneath Horizontal Surface: Vertical gas jet injection into liquid cross-flow beneath horizontal surface was observed and the physics of it was studied. Previous studies on jet and cross-flow interactions showed that cross-flow speed, jet speed, and their momentum ratio are related to the resulting flow behavior. In the present study, it is found that overall topology of the resulting flow is completely different with previous studies by changing the direction of jet injection regarding gravity direction. Dimensions to describe new topology and scaling based on gravity acceleration and boundary layer thickness in addition to traditional parameters are proposed.PhDNaval Architecture and Marine EngineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113394/1/leeinho_1.pd