Suggestibility of Placebo Reactors and Non-Reactors in the Autokinetic Situation

The phenomenon of not relying solely up on one\u27s own judgment and of distorting one\u27s perception toward a perceived social norm has been observed to take place with a rather large percentage of subjects participating in a number of research projects. Both Asch and Sherif have done extensive work showing this distortion of perception when an individual is placed in a group setting and finds himself in a contradictory position between his own perception and that of the other group members. The question arises as to whether or not acceptance of suggestion is a personality trait characteristic of the individual. To what extent, if any, will the trait of suggestibility manifest in one situation transfer to a second setting when suggestion is applied? Specifically, in this research project, individuals will be chosen according to their reactions to a placebo pill experiment. Placebo reactors will be those individuals who have manifest the internalization of suggestion in the experiment. Non-reactors will be chosen for their lack of placebo pill reaction which will be considered as rejection of the applied suggestion. Both the placebo reactors and non-reactors will be placed in an unstable experimental situation that has the possibilities of being structured according to the individual\u27s perception or perceived social norm. Since the autokinetic illusion is almost universal, this phenomenon will be employed in the experimental procedure. Suggestion as to the amount of movement present in the autokinetic effect will then be given. The amount of movement will be recorded and tested for significance for the reactor and non-reactor groups

Iowa Agriculturist 72.03

4 The Kinze Revolution 8 Environment vs. Economics 10 Iowa\u27s Largest Feedlot - Pampered Beef, Inc. 13 Keith Vegors . . . New Young Leader in Agriculture 14 Accomplishment - that is the name of the game 16 Shelly 18 Fate of Ames Reservoir Still Uncertain 20 Farm Crime - Big Business in Iowa 21 Classroom and Campus 22 Nobody Ever Hear of an Unemployed Minister 24 What\u27s Ahead for I.S.U? 26 Relieving the Pressure 28 Aggies in Action 30 Over the Brewhttps://lib.dr.iastate.edu/iowaagriculturist/1007/thumbnail.jp

African Americans in Home Health: Advance Care Planning and Acute Care Services Use

Background: Home health is the fastest-growing healthcare setting in the country. Through Home Health Value-Based Purchasing (HHVBP), the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) provides incentives or penalties to HHAs based on outcomes. Hospitalization and emergency department use are weighted heaviest as poor outcomes. HHVBP requires HHAs to report on whether they are engaging in advance care planning (ACP) conversations. For this study, ACP was defined as a conversation held in advance of a medical crisis with a loved one and/or a health care provider about goals; values; preferences for future medical treatments; and choice of a surrogate decision-maker. Purpose: to determine whether the proportion of Black patients was correlated with robustness of HHAs’ ACP protocols and levels of acute care services use. Methods: A cross-sectional, quasi-interventional design was used. The sample size was n = 89. Electronic surveys about ACP protocols were distributed to HHAs. Existing data about demographics and acute care services use were accessed via CMS websites. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used. Results: No relationship was found between robustness of ACP protocols and the proportion of Black population per agency. No relationship was found between overall acute care services use rates proportion of Black patients. However, a trend was found: The greater proportion of Black patients, the greater the tendency for an agency to have a higher hospitalization rate. Discussion: Results are compared to current literature and to a CMS-commissioned study’s discussion about the potential for value-based purchasing programs to exacerbate health disparities in vulnerable populations

Effect of Gender on Intentional Learning Orientation

Knowledge of how gender affects learning is scarcely understood in the realm of nursing education. Prior studies have indicated certain learning styles are predictors of passing board examinations. Pinpointing specific learning styles could improve educational outcomes and produce thoroughly equipped nurses. Previous researchers have studied the differences in learning preferences according to gender; however, no studies have solely concentrated on gender specific learning preferences among undergraduate nursing students. Learning Interest, as well as Goal Orientation, were found to be statistically significant between genders

Critique and Appraisal of a Study on the Attitudes Towards Organ Donor Advocacy Scale

Excerpt: The recent study by Floden, Lennerling, Fridh, Rizell and Forsberg [1] concluded that using the Attitude Towards Organ Donor Advocacy Scale (ATODAS) is ready for use in future research studies because it has good psychometric properties for measuring ICU nurses’ attitudes towards advocacy on behalf of potential and actual organ donors. However, that conclusion is not supported by the data in the study because of lack of evidence of measurement validit

Biological Invasions: The Case of Soybean Aphid Infestation

Soybeans, the second highest cash crop following corn in the U.S., have come under attack by invasive species, the soybean aphid from the North and soybean rust from the South. We estimated the economic losses resulting from soybean aphid infestation by using a dynamic equilibrium model. Results indicate that, first, the reduction of soybean production resulting from soybean aphid infestation is largely absorbed by reducing soybean exports, due to the higher price elasticity of export demand compared to the domestic demand. Second, the economic losses to U.S. soybean producers would grow on average annually between $12.8 million and$23.4 million during the first five years of infestation. In the longer-run, soybean producers would suffer greater economic losses as the dispersion rate of infested soybean acreage with soybean aphids rises. However, the successful discovery of the soybean aphid gene (TF04048) Rag-1 (which confers resistance) does not at this time warrant soybean growers and policy-makers becoming too seriously alarmed. Even so, time is an important factor in the eventual control of the soybean aphid.Crop Production/Industries,

Miglustat effects on the basal nasal potential differences in cystic fibrosis

A recent study by Leonard, Lebecque, Dingemanse, and Leal [1] tested the effect of Miglustat, an alpha inhibitor on the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator gene using total chloride secretion in the nasal epithelium as the key variable estimated from basal nasal potential differences. The conclusion was drawn that “There was no evidence of a treatment effect on any nasal potential difference variable.” This conclusion may not be correct because of a slight misinterpretation of their statistical results. There also is a question of whether longer exposure periods than 8 days would have produced a more pronounced effect

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Electrode Material for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are becoming increasingly attractive as one of the most promising advanced secondary batteries with overwhelming advantages of high theoretical capacity (1675 mAh/g) and high energy density (2600 VS. 420 W h/kg of traditional Li-ion batteries). Sulfur is one of the most abundant elements on earth and is an underutilized byproduct from the oil and gas industries. Additionally, in comparison to Li-ion batteries, Li-S batteries have improved safety and lower cost. They are also more environmentally friendly. However, the predominant challenge with lithium-sulfur batteries is capacity drop and low cycle life during usage of the sulfur-based electrode. This project aims to solve this problem by careful design of carbon based nanomaterials to physically and/or chemically confine the sulfur component. Developing the sulfur/carbon nanocomposite will be conducted using well-studied synthesis processes. Characterization of the electrodes will be conducted through analytical techniques via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Electrochemical evaluation of assembled split cell will consist of cyclability and rate capability testing using the electrochemical testing station. The expected outcome is to achieve high performance of Li-S batteries with long cycle life and maintaining high specific capacity, a goal for emerging advanced energy storage technology, portable electronics, and grid-scale energy station