A Study in the Summer Phenology of Dionychious Spiders from Northern Minnesota Forests

Dionychious ground layer spiders from Larix and Populus stands were collected by pitfall traps. The typical pattern of dominant, influent and accessory species was well marked. Populus stands had greater diversity of species than Larix stands. Those species characterized by large male:female sex ratios had sharp peaks in the first month of collecting, and others had smaller early season peaks or early season and late season peaks. Traps with an apron leading to the trap caught twice as many specimens compared to traps without an apron

Re-evaluation of the surface ruptures of the November 1951 earthquake series in eastern Taiwan, and its neotectonic implications

The earthquakes of November 1951 constitute the most destructive seismic episode in the recorded history of the Longitudinal Valley, eastern Taiwan. However, information about their source parameters is sparse. To understand the relationship between the 1951 ruptures and new interpretations of the regional neotectonic architecture of the Longitudinal Valley, we re-evaluated the November 1951 ruptures by analyzing old documents, reports and photographs, and by interviewing local residents who experienced the earthquake. As a result, we have revised significantly the rupture map previously published. We divide the surface ruptures from south to north into the Chihshang, Yuli, and Rueisuei sections. The first shock of the 1951 series probably resulted from the Chihshang rupture, and the second shock probably resulted from the Yuli and Rueisuei ruptures. The lengths of these ruptures indicate that the two shocks had similar magnitudes. The Chihshang and Rueisuei ruptures are along segments of the Longitudinal Valley fault, a left-lateral oblique fault along which the Coastal Range thrusts westward over the Longitudinal Valley. The Yuli rupture, on the other hand, appears to be part of a separate, left-lateral strike-slip Yuli fault, which traverses the middle of the Longitudinal Valley. The complex behavior of these structures and interaction between them are important in understanding the future seismic hazard of the area

Dissociation of Cerebral Blood Flow and Femoral Artery Blood Pressure Pulsatility After Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation in a Rodent Model: Implications for Neurological Recovery.

Background Impaired neurological function affects 85% to 90% of cardiac arrest (CA) survivors. Pulsatile blood flow may play an important role in neurological recovery after CA. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) pulsatility immediately, during, and after CA and resuscitation has not been investigated. We characterized the effects of asphyxial CA on short-term (<2 hours after CA) CBF and femoral arterial blood pressure (ABP) pulsatility and studied their relationship to cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) and short-term neuroelectrical recovery. Methods and Results Male rats underwent asphyxial CA followed by cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A multimodal platform combining laser speckle imaging, ABP, and electroencephalography to monitor CBF, peripheral blood pressure, and brain electrophysiology, respectively, was used. CBF and ABP pulsatility and CVR were assessed during baseline, CA, and multiple time points after resuscitation. Neuroelectrical recovery, a surrogate for neurological outcome, was assessed using quantitative electroencephalography 90 minutes after resuscitation. We found that CBF pulsatility differs significantly from baseline at all experimental time points with sustained deficits during the 2 hours of postresuscitation monitoring, whereas ABP pulsatility was relatively unaffected. Alterations in CBF pulsatility were inversely correlated with changes in CVR, but ABP pulsatility had no association to CVR. Interestingly, despite small changes in ABP pulsatility, higher ABP pulsatility was associated with worse neuroelectrical recovery, whereas CBF pulsatility had no association. Conclusions Our results reveal, for the first time, that CBF pulsatility and CVR are significantly altered in the short-term postresuscitation period after CA. Nevertheless, higher ABP pulsatility appears to be inversely associated with neuroelectrical recovery, possibly caused by impaired cerebral autoregulation and/or more severe global cerebral ischemia

Hybrid architecture active wavefront sensing and control system, and method

According to various embodiments, provided herein is an optical system and method that can be configured to perform image analysis. The optical system can comprise a telescope assembly and one or more hybrid instruments. The one or more hybrid instruments can be configured to receive image data from the telescope assembly and perform a fine guidance operation and a wavefront sensing operation, simultaneously, on the image data received from the telescope assembly

Comments on discrete time in quantum mechanics

The possibility that time can be regarded as a discrete parameter is re-examined. We study the dynamics of the free particle and find in some cases superluminal propagation

Diabolical survival in Death Valley: recent pupfish colonization, gene flow and genetic assimilation in the smallest species range on earth

One of the most endangered vertebrates, the Devils Hole pupfish Cyprinodon diabolis, survives in a nearly impossible environment: a narrow subterranean fissure in the hottest desert on earth, Death Valley. This species became a conservation icon after a landmark 1976 US Supreme Court case affirming federal groundwater rights to its unique habitat. However, one outstanding question about this species remains unresolved: how long has diabolis persisted in this hellish environment? We used next-generation sequencing of over 13 000 loci to infer the demographic history of pupfishes in Death Valley. Instead of relicts isolated 2–3 Myr ago throughout repeated flooding of the entire region by inland seas as currently believed, we present evidence for frequent gene flow among Death Valley pupfish species and divergence after the most recent flooding 13 kyr ago. We estimate that Devils Hole was colonized by pupfish between 105 and 830 years ago, followed by genetic assimilation of pelvic fin loss and recent gene flow into neighbouring spring systems. Our results provide a new perspective on an iconic endangered species using the latest population genomic methods and support an emerging consensus that timescales for speciation are overestimated in many groups of rapidly evolving species

Executive Officer FROM:

now called the “California Wetlands Portal ” (CWP), as a condition in many water quality certifications to track losses and gains of wetlands and streams 2. This third annual report summarizes impacts and compensatory mitigation to wetlands and streams for projects certified in 2009

Wavefront Sensing and Control Architecture for the Spherical Primary Optical Telescope (SPOT)

Testbed results are presented demonstrating high-speed image-based wavefront sensing and control for a spherical primary optical telescope (SPOT). The testbed incorporates a phase retrieval camera coupled to a 3-Mirror Vertex testbed (3MV) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Actuator calibration based on the Hough transform is discussed as well as several supercomputing archtectures for image-based wavefront sensing. Timing results are also presented based on various algorithm implementations using a cluster of 64 TigerShare TSlOl DSP's (digital-signal processors)

Photosensitized Ionization of Alkali‐Metal Vapors

The vapors of potassium, rubidium, and cesium have been photoionized with light absorbed in the discrete region of the atomic spectrum. The energy threshold for the ionization process has been determined and the ions produced identified by mobility measurements. The data give lower limits for the dissociation energies of K{sup +2}, Rb{sup +2} and Cs{sup +2}. Each of these molecular ions has a bond energy approximately 50% greater than that of the corresponding neutral molecule. In addition, lower limits for the electron affinities of the alkali atoms and approximate values for the mobilities of Rb{sup +} and Rb{sup +2} in rubidium vapor are given