Improved solvent extraction procedure and HPLC-ELSD method for analysis of polar lipids from dairy materials

A normal phase HPLC-ELSD method which was improved from the method of Rombaut et al. 2005 (J. Dairy Sci. 88(2):482-488) for analysis of polar lipids (PLs) is presented. In the improved method, the mobile phase consisted of two lines; dichloromethane and a mixture of methanol and acetic acid/triethylamine buffer. Dichloromethane is less toxic than chloroform which was used in the old method. PLs of interest such as glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingomyelin were well separated with a total time for one analysis run of 22.5 min. Peak retention times and peak area were reproducible due to a good miscibility of mobile phases. The improved HPLC-ELSD method was applicable for both PLs from soy lecithin and dairy materials. Furthermore, a modified solvent extraction method of PLs from dairy matrices was adapted. The modified method offered higher extraction efficiency, consumed less time and in some cases saved solvent use

Extraction of Polyphenols from Mentha aquatica Linn. var. crispa

Mentha aquatica Linn. var. crispa is commonly used as a spice in many Asian countries. Although its biological activities, such as its applications, antimicrobial properties, have been studied, its antioxidation properties have not been investigated. This study establishes the most suitable extraction conditions concerning the independent variables affecting the total polyphenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of M. aquatica extract (stem and leaf). Investigated factors include the type of solvent used; solvent concentration, the ratio of raw material to solvent, extraction time and extraction temperature. The efficiency of polyphenol extraction was evaluated by TPC and AA through the ability to neutralize the free radicals 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2\u27-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6- sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was used as the evaluation indicator. The results have shown that acetone at a concentration of 50%, at a ratio of 1:20 (w/v), extraction time of 2 h and a temperature of 40 °C give the highest values of TPC and AA, with values of 120.92 mg GAE g-1 dw for TPC, 169.36 μmol TE g-1 dw by DPPH assay, 264.03 μmol by ABTS assay, and 425.35 μmol Fe2+ g-1 dw by FRAP assay. This study demonstrates that extracts of M. aquatica can be used for research as food antioxidant

LIMITATIONS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SOLVING A TYPE OF TASK RELATING TO THE EQUATION OF A CIRCLE: AN INVESTIGATION IN VIETNAM

In Vietnam, secondary school students learn the equation of a circle in Grade 10. Based on how to present this equation in the textbook “Geometry 10” and types of task for students, we believe that some limitations happen to students when they solve problems related to the equation of a circle. This paper reports the investigation of 845 students from the Mekong Delta-Vietnam. The results show that our prediction is correct.  Article visualizations

Comparison of emulsifying properties of milk fat globule membrane materials isolated from different dairy by-products

Emulsifying properties of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) materials isolated from reconstituted buttermilk (BM; i.e., BM-MFGM) and BM whey (i.e., whey-MFGM), individually or in mixtures with BM powder (BMP) were compared with those of a commercial dairy ingredient (Lacprodan PL-20; Aria Foods Ingredients Group P/S, Viby, Denmark), a material rich in milk polar lipids and proteins. The particle size distribution, viscosity, interfacial protein, and polar lipids load of oil-in-water emulsions prepared using soybean oil were examined. Pronounced droplet aggregation was observed with emulsions stabilized with whey-MFGM or with a mixture of whey-MFGM and BMP. No aggregation was observed for emulsions stabilized with BM-MFGM, Lacprodan PL-20, or a mixture of BM-MFGM and BMP. The surface protein load and polar lipids load were lowest in emulsions with BM-MFGM. The highest protein load and polar lipids load were observed for emulsions made with a mixture of whey-MFGM and BMP. The differences in composition of MFGM materials, such as in whey proteins, caseins, MFGM-specific proteins, polar lipids, minerals, and especially their possible interactions determine their emulsifying properties

Primary Cementless Bipolar Long Stem Hemiarthroplasty for Unstable Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fracture in the Elderly Patients

BACKGROUND: Intertrochanteric fracture (ITF) is a major part of fracture in femoral head fracture. 95% of ITF are found in elderly patients. Osteosynthese is the preferred method of choice. However, elderly patients had osteoporotic, combined with many of chronic disease conditions that increase the rate of osteosynthese failure. Hemiarthroplasty bipolar long-stem is a surgical method that helps patients relieve pain, facilitate early rehabilitation, limit long-term complications, and improve quality of life for patients. AIM: The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical of result of primary cementless bipolar long stem hemiarthroplasty in treatment for unstable ITF in the elderly patients who have severe osteoporosis. METHODS: Between 01/2016 and 12/2017, 35 patients with ITF type A2.2 and A2.3 (AO) were included in our prospective study. These patients were over 70 years old and treatment by hemiarthroplasty cementless long stem at E hospital and Saint Paul hospital by one group surgeons. RESULTS: Mean age of studied subjects was 84.29 ± 6.17, the lowest was 71, the highest was 96; ratio male/female was 1/4. Follow-up of 35 patients for at least 6 months showed 88.6% caused by a low-energy injury; Average rehabilitation time was 4.63 ± 1.7 days. The average Harris point at the end was 90.4 ± 4.72. CONCLUSION: Primary cementless bipolar long stem hemiarthroplasty is one of good choices in treatment unstable ITF in elderly patients with severe osteoporosis helped patients improve the quality of life

Preliminary Result of Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Anterior Half of Peroneus Longus Tendon Autograft

BACKGROUND: Anthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is one of the most successful operations in sports medicine. At present, ligament autografts have been the best method due to good histocompatibility, rapid healing, no cross-contamination, and low cost of treatment. However, autografts do not have infinite amount and are also not always feasible. Anterior half of peroneus longus tenden autograft is likely to become a source of autograft with many advantages. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of anthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using anterior half of peroneus longus tendon autograft (AHPLT). AIM: To evaluate the initial outcome of ACL reconstruction arthroscopy by anterior half of peroneus longus tendon. METHODS: This is a prospective non-controlled case series. RESULTS: A prospective study on 30 patients (from 9 / 2016 to 01 / 2019) had both ACL and MCL injury who had operated ACL reconstruction using anterior half of peroneus longus tendon autograft (AHPLT) at Department of General Orthopaedic and Trauma, Viet Duc hospital. Our outcome: the year average 35.4 ys, the rate of ACL rupture combined with meniscus injury was 40%. The average diameter AHPLT autograft is 7.0 mm. The function Lysholm scores improved from 59 to 94.27 postoperative 6 months. No difference beetwen the AOFAS scale of preoperative and postoperative. CONCLUSION: Peroneus longus tendon is recommended to be a safe and practical autograft resource for anthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Metode izolacije i tehnološki aspekti membrana masnih globula

Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) differ with unique composition and properties. The MFGM contain a significant amount of polar lipids, especially phospholipids and sphingolipids, as well as specific proteins, that possess specific nutritional properties and belong to bioactive components group. Also, specific properties of lipids and proteins contribute to good emulsifing and stabilizing properties of MFGM. This review paper focuses on the overview of basic composition and structure of MFGM, potential techniques of their isolation on laboratory as well as on the industrial scales. The possibilities of application MFGM in production of milk and dairy products were induced or given by consideration of their nutritional and technological properties.Membrane masnih globula (MMG) odlikuju se jedinstvenim sastavom i svojstvima. MMG sadrže značajnu količinu polarnih lipida, posebno fosfolipida i sfingolipida, kao i specifične proteine, koji poseduju izražena nutritivna svojstva i smatraju se bioaktivnim komponentama. Takođe, specifična svojstva lipida i proteina doprinose dobrim emulzifikujućim i stabilišućim svojstvima MMG. Ovaj revijalni rad daje prikaz osnove sastava i strukture MMG, potencijalne tehnike njihove izolacije kako na laboratorijskom tako i na i industrijskom nivou. Sagledavanjem nutritivnih i tehnoloških svojstava MMG dat je osvrt na mogućnost njihove primene u proizvodnji mleka i mlečnih proizvoda