Benchmarking Jetson Edge Devices with an End-to-end Video-based Anomaly Detection System

Innovative enhancement in embedded system platforms, specifically hardware accelerations, significantly influence the application of deep learning in real-world scenarios. These innovations translate human labor efforts into automated intelligent systems employed in various areas such as autonomous driving, robotics, Internet-of-Things (IoT), and numerous other impactful applications. NVIDIA's Jetson platform is one of the pioneers in offering optimal performance regarding energy efficiency and throughput in the execution of deep learning algorithms. Previously, most benchmarking analysis was based on 2D images with a single deep learning model for each comparison result. In this paper, we implement an end-to-end video-based crime-scene anomaly detection system inputting from surveillance videos and the system is deployed and completely operates on multiple Jetson edge devices (Nano, AGX Xavier, Orin Nano). The comparison analysis includes the integration of Torch-TensorRT as a software developer kit from NVIDIA for the model performance optimisation. The system is built based on the PySlowfast open-source project from Facebook as the coding template. The end-to-end system process comprises the videos from camera, data preprocessing pipeline, feature extractor and the anomaly detection. We provide the experience of an AI-based system deployment on various Jetson Edge devices with Docker technology. Regarding anomaly detectors, a weakly supervised video-based deep learning model called Robust Temporal Feature Magnitude Learning (RTFM) is applied in the system. The approach system reaches 47.56 frames per second (FPS) inference speed on a Jetson edge device with only 3.11 GB RAM usage total. We also discover the promising Jetson device that the AI system achieves 15% better performance than the previous version of Jetson devices while consuming 50% less energy power.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, 5 table

Combination Antifungal Therapy for Cryptococcal Meningitis

Background Combination antifungal therapy (amphotericin B deoxycholate and flucytosine) is the recommended treatment for cryptococcal meningitis but has not been shown to reduce mortality, as compared with amphotericin B alone. We performed a randomized, controlled trial to determine whether combining flucytosine or high-dose fluconazole with high-dose amphotericin B improved survival at 14 and 70 days. Methods We conducted a randomized, three-group, open-label trial of induction therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. All patients received amphotericin B at a dose of 1 mg per kilogram of body weight per day; patients in group 1 were treated for 4 weeks, and those in groups 2 and 3 for 2 weeks. Patients in group 2 concurrently received flucytosine at a dose of 100 mg per kilogram per day for 2 weeks, and those in group 3 concurrently received fluconazole at a dose of 400 mg twice daily for 2 weeks. Results A total of 299 patients were enrolled. Fewer deaths occurred by days 14 and 70 among patients receiving amphotericin B and flucytosine than among those receiving amphotericin B alone (15 vs. 25 deaths by day 14; hazard ratio, 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.30 to 1.08; unadjusted P=0.08; and 30 vs. 44 deaths by day 70; hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.97; unadjusted P=0.04). Combination therapy with fluconazole had no significant effect on survival, as compared with monotherapy (hazard ratio for death by 14 days, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.44 to 1.41; P=0.42; hazard ratio for death by 70 days, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.45 to 1.11; P=0.13). Amphotericin B plus flucytosine was associated with significantly increased rates of yeast clearance from cerebrospinal fluid (−0.42 log10 colony-forming units [CFU] per milliliter per day vs. −0.31 and −0.32 log10 CFU per milliliter per day in groups 1 and 3, respectively; P<0.001 for both comparisons). Rates of adverse events were similar in all groups, although neutropenia was more frequent in patients receiving a combination therapy. Conclusions Amphotericin B plus flucytosine, as compared with amphotericin B alone, is associated with improved survival among patients with cryptococcal meningitis. A survival benefit of amphotericin B plus fluconazole was not found

AI is a viable alternative to high throughput screening: a 318-target study

: High throughput screening (HTS) is routinely used to identify bioactive small molecules. This requires physical compounds, which limits coverage of accessible chemical space. Computational approaches combined with vast on-demand chemical libraries can access far greater chemical space, provided that the predictive accuracy is sufficient to identify useful molecules. Through the largest and most diverse virtual HTS campaign reported to date, comprising 318 individual projects, we demonstrate that our AtomNet® convolutional neural network successfully finds novel hits across every major therapeutic area and protein class. We address historical limitations of computational screening by demonstrating success for target proteins without known binders, high-quality X-ray crystal structures, or manual cherry-picking of compounds. We show that the molecules selected by the AtomNet® model are novel drug-like scaffolds rather than minor modifications to known bioactive compounds. Our empirical results suggest that computational methods can substantially replace HTS as the first step of small-molecule drug discovery

Relaxor ferroelectric properties of PZT-PZN-PMnN Ceramics

555-560xPb(Zr0.47Ti0.53)O3-(0.925-x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.075Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3+0.7%wt Li2CO3 (PZT-PZN-PMnN) ceramics with x=0.65-0.9 have been prepared by two-stage calcination method. The effect of the PZT content on the relaxor behavior and ferroelectric properties of ceramics has been investigated. The degree of diffuseness () from 1.72 to 1.85 indicates that all of compositions show a diffused phase transition with the strong frequency dispersion, which is characteristic of relaxor ferroelectric materials. The sharpness of the permittivity peak shows that the compositions are gradually approached normal ferroelectric behavior when the mol fraction of PZT increases. At x = 0.80, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of ceramics are optimal with the mass density () of 7.81 g/cm3, the dielectric constant (εr) of 1230, the dielectric loss (tan) of 0.005 and the remanent polarization (Pr) of 27 mC/cm2. </span

Structure and Physical Properties of PZT-PMnN-PSN Ceramics Near the Morphological Phase Boundary

The 0.9Pb(ZrxTi1−x)O3-0.07Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.03Pb(Sb1/2Nb1/2)O3 (PZT-PMnN-PSN) ceramics were prepared by columbite method. The phase structure of the ceramic samples was analyzed. Results show that the pure perovskite phase is in all ceramics specimens. The effect of the Zr/Ti ratio on the region of morphotropic phase boundary for PZT-PMnN-PSN ceramics was studied. Experimental results show that the phase structure of ceramics changes from tetragonal to rhombohedral with the increase of the content of Zr/Ti ratio in the system. The composition of PZT-PMnN-PSN ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary obtained is the ratio of Zr/Ti: 49/51. At this ratio, the ceramic has the optimal electromechanical properties: the kp=0.61, the εmax=29520, the d31=-236 pC/N, the Qm=2400, high remanent polarization (Pr=49.2 μC·cm−2), and low coercive field Ec=10.28 kV·cm−1

Scalable, low-cost, and versatile system design for air pollution and traffic density monitoring and analysis

Vietnam requires a sustainable urbanization, for which city sensing is used in planning and de-cision-making. Large cities need portable, scalable, and inexpensive digital technology for this purpose. End-to-end air quality monitoring companies such as AirVisual and Plume Air have shown their reliability with portable devices outfitted with superior air sensors. They are pricey, yet homeowners use them to get local air data without evaluating the causal effect. Our air quality inspection system is scalable, reasonably priced, and flexible. Minicomputer of the sys-tem remotely monitors PMS7003 and BME280 sensor data through a microcontroller processor. The 5-megapixel camera module enables researchers to infer the causal relationship between traffic intensity and dust concentration. The design enables inexpensive, commercial-grade hardware, with Azure Blob storing air pollution data and surrounding-area imagery and pre-venting the system from physically expanding. In addition, by including an air channel that re-plenishes and distributes temperature, the design improves ventilation and safeguards electrical components. The gadget allows for the analysis of the correlation between traffic and air quali-ty data, which might aid in the establishment of sustainable urban development plans and poli-cies

TẠO DÒNG VÀ BIỂU HIỆN GEN MÃ HÓA PROTEIN p65 TỪ MYCOPLASMA HYOPNEUMONIAE GÂY BỆNH SUYỄN LỢN TRONG VI KHUẨN ESCHERICHIA COLI BL21 (DE3)

In this study, we successfullycloned and expressed the p65 gene encoding for p65 proteinof Mycoplasma hyopneumonia (M. hyopneumonia) isolated from pig lungs collected in Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. The p65 gene was amplified and cloned into pET200/D-TOPO vector and then transformed into the E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. The results showed that the p65 gene segment was 936 bp, identical to the published p65 gene on GenBank (accession number: CP003131.1), encoding a polypeptide chain of 311 amino acid residues, identical to anamino acid sequence of a protein on GenBank (accession number: AAB67173.1). The denatured SDS-PAGE analysis showed a protein band of 37 kDa which corresponded to 6×His-p65 fusion protein.Trong nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi đã tạo dòng và biểu hiện thành công gen p65mã hóa protein p65 của Mycoplasma hyopneumonia (M. hyopneumonia) được phân lập từ các mẫu phổi lợn ở Thừa Thiên Huế. Đoạn gen p65 được khuếch đại và gắn vào vector pET 200/D-TOPO và sau đó biến nạp vào chủng Echerichia coli BL21 (DE3). Kết quả cho thấy rằng gen p65 có kích thước khoảng 936 bp, mức tương đồng với trình tự gen được công bố trên GenBank (mã số: CP003131.1) là 100%, mã hóa chuỗi polypeptide dài 311 axitamin và có tương đồng với chuỗi polypeptide được công bố trên GenBank (mã số: AAB67173.1) là 100%. Phân tích điện di SDS-PAGE trong điều kiện biến tính cho thấy protein dung hợp 6xHis-p65 có khối lượng phân tử khoảng 37 kDa