Record production of milkfish from ponds developed in sandy beach at Calicut

The milkfish, Chanos chanos, a hardy, euryhaline and fast growing species was cultured to study the production as well as survival rates in the pump-fed, polyethylene film lined ponds developed on sandy beach at Calicut Research Centre of CMFRI from July 1982 to February 1983

The intensive farming of striped Mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, in the polyethylene film-lined ponds developed on the sea shore at Calicut, Kerala

Significant advances have been made in the mariculture fin fishes in many parts of the world. In India two major cultivable fin fishes, namely, mullets and milk fish, have been used in the traditional culture practices and also in the scientific culture of fin fishes in ponds and pens. Among mullets, the striped mullet Mugil cephalus is a fast growing species and is commonly available on the east and west coasts of India. It is also an important table fish and has a good market both in the coastal and interior regions of our country

Feasibility of polyethylene mariculture in the filmlined ponds

Preparation and management of polyethylene film-lined ponds for mariculture purposes and the environmental conditions of the culture system are given in this paper along with the results of milkfish culture experiments conducted in eight ponds

Growth and survival of tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon in the sandy beach ponds at Calicut

Penaeus monodon is one of the important species contributing to the traditional culture fisheries of the Southeast Asian countries and to the well established intensive or semi-intensive culture practices of the Indo-Pacific region. Culture of this species has been attempted in the polyethylene film-lined ponds made in the sandy beach. The present data on the giowth rate and percentage of recovery suggest that the culture conditions maintained in the experimental pond at Calicut were suitable for obtaining better results. Further, it is expected that better production rate can be achieved by increasing the stocking density to an optimum level which, however, could not be carried out due to scarcity of material during the present experimen

Potential resources of cultivable fish seed around Calicut area

The availability and abundance of cultivable fish seeds around Calicut area have been presented. The nature of the seed grounds and the seeds available in the different localities and the seasons of their occurrence have been described qualit8!ively and Quantitativel

The influence of emotional reaction on help seeking by victims of school bullying

Research has started to focus on how victims of school bullying cope, but there is still very little understanding if why pupils cope in one way and not another. This paper aimed to examine the effects of gender, school-stage, frequency of victimization and different emotions (anger, vengeance, self-pity, indifference, and helplessness) upon the choice of social support that children report using. Questionnaires were completed by 6282 Maltese schoolchildren aged between 9 and 14 years old. Analyses revealed that specific patterns of emotion and victimization predict whether pupils report using certain sources of social support. Results are discussed in relation to their relevance for possible intervention, future research needs and implications for the theoretical framework used

Search for energetic cosmic axions utilizing terrestrial/celestial magnetic fields

Orbiting $\gamma$-detectors combined with the magnetic field of the Earth or the Sun can work parasitically as cosmic axion telescopes. The relatively short field lengths allow the axion-to-photon conversion to be coherent for $m_{axion} \sim 10^{-4}$ eV, if the axion kinetic energy is above $\sim 500$ keV (Earth's field), or, $\sim 50$ MeV (Sun's field), allowing thus to search for axions from $e^+e^-$ annihilations, from supernova explosions, etc. With a detector angular resolution of $\sim 1^o$, a more efficient sky survey for energetic cosmic axions passing {\it through the Sun} can be performed. Axions or other axion-like particles might be created by the interaction of the cosmic radiation with the Sun, similarly to the axion searches in accelerator beam dump experiments; the enormous cosmic energy combined with the built-in coherent Primakoff effect might provide a sensitive detection scheme, being out of reach with accelerators. The axion signal will be an excess in $\gamma$-rays coming either from a specific celestial place behind the Sun, e.g. the Galactic Center, or, from any other direction in the sky being associated with a violent astrophysical event, e.g. a supernova. Earth bound detectors are also of potential interest. The axion scenario also applies to other stars or binary systems in the Universe, in particular to those with superstrong magnetic fields.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, small changes in text and bibliograph

Perceptions of South African academic instructors toward the teaching and learning of anatomy

Background: Reflecting on teaching is commonly cited as a fundamental practice for personal and professional development. Educational research into the scholarship of teaching and learning anatomy includes engaging in discipline specific literature on teaching, reflecting on individual teaching methods and communicating these findings to peers. The aim of this paper was to formally assess the opinions of senior anatomy instructors regarding the state of anatomical knowledge at their respective institutions. Materials and methods: An open-ended questionnaire was devised consisting of eight direct questions seeking opinions on anatomy teaching, knowledge, potential educational developments and general thoughts on the teaching of anatomy to medical students. These were distributed to senior Anatomy Faculty (identified by the author by their affiliation with the Anatomical Society of Southern Africa) based at the eight national medical schools within the country. Results and Conclusions: A number of key themes emerged. Most senior faculty felt that the standard of medical education at their respective institutions was “good.” However, emphasis was also placed on the “quality of teaching” incorporating clinical scenarios. There were also indications that staff are split into those that are keen to do research and those that are happy to provide teaching to medical students as their primary function. Several challenges such as time constraints within the curricula, lack of cadavers to reinforce knowledge and lack of appropriately qualified staff were highlighted. Recommendations included fostering partnerships with both clinicians and medical scientists into the anatomy curriculum thus improving teaching and research