Natural Dye from Curcuma Longa L. and Its Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Activities

In the present study, Curcuma longa L. was selected to extract natural dye. The selected plant material was analyzed for its phytochemical constituents, physiochemical properties, antibacterial properties and its cytotoxicity.  For phytochemical test and dye extractions, three solvent systems, ethanol only, 50% ethanol and water were used. Phytochemical test performed on ethanol extract showed that they contained all tested secondary metabolites. The EDXRF results of dye powder expresses it does not contain toxic heavy metal and contains lower mineral contents. The physicochemical property of dye powder expresses it was suitable for dye processes. Cytotoxicity determination was   carried   out   by using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay method. The LC50 values of the extracts were determined by linear regression analysis method. It was observed that the ethanol soluble dye powder LC50 value was 323.752 ppm, which was more potent compared to water soluble potion with LC50 value of 207.182 ppm. The lower concentration of dye powder is suitable for food dye as well as textile dye

Anti-hyperglycemic Activity in Vitro, Actuate Toxicity in Vivo and Antioxidant Activity of the Crude Extract of the Root of Plumeria alba L.

Medicinal plants are the single most productive sources for the development of drugs and play an important role in treating and preventing a variety of diseases through the world.  Plumeria alba Linn. commonly known as Tayoke-sakar-aphyu in Myanmar is one of the medicinal plants belonging to Apocynaceae family. The pharmacological studies were carried out to investigate antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, anti-hyperglycemic activity in vitro and acute toxicity in vivo. The main aim of the present research is to evaluate the biological activities of the root of Plumeria alba L, Firstly, phytochemical screening of the collected sample was performed. Elemental composition of the crude sample was examined by EDXRF (Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence) spectroscopy. Moreover three different solvents such as ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of the sample were examined for their antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus, Candida albicans and E. coli by Agar- well diffusion method. The antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of the root of Plumeria alba L. was studied by DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrayl) assay. The acute toxicity of ethanol extract of the root of Plumeria alba L. on Artemia salinna were investigated. The glucose lowering activities of the water and ethanol extracts of the sample were determined by iodometric titration

Functional Food, Myin-Khwa and its Antioxidant Activity and Acute Toxicity

In this research, Hydrocotyle asiatica Linn. (Myin-khwa) has been chosen for chemical analysis. From phytochemical analysis, Myin-khwa was known to contain polyphenols, flavonoids and phenolic compounds, so it was chosen to determine antioxidant activity and acute toxicity. Nutritional values including moisture (7.75), ash (8.66 %), protein (8.89 %), fat (1.68 %), fibre (1.46 %) and carbohydrate (4.11%) of Myin-khwa residues were also investigated. Mineral contents of Myin-khwa were analyzed by using AAS method. From this study, the adequate amount of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na and Zn were present in dry Myin-khwa. Acute toxicities of ethanolic extract of Myin-khwa was determined by using Wistar Strain Rats and antioxidant activities of Myin-khwa extracts with four kind of solvents such as distilled water, ethanol, n-hexane and ethylacetate were determined by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine) assay. The highest radical scavenging effect was observed in Myin-khwa with IC50 - 0.66µgml-1 . The potency of radical scavenging effect of EtOH extract of Myin-khwa was greater than standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. From the acute test, it was found that the median lethal dose (LD50) was more than 18g/kg when administered orally

Impact of rapid Industrialization of Mandalay on Dokhtawady River

Analysis of water quality is required for pollution control, the assessment of environmental impacts for human beings. In this paper, it is pointed out that how the effect of industrialization of Mandalay Industrial Zone (II) impacts on Dokhtawady River. Water quality of three different sites and periods of Dokhtawady River were compared. These sites are near Shwesaryan Pagoda (Site-I), upper and lower places of Dokhtawady river that flowed Mandalay industrial sewage Ditch (Site-II and Site-III). The characteristic properties of water samples were studied by various analytical methods applying sophisticated instruments such as pH meter, spectrophotometer and conductivity meter. The physical and chemical parameters were determined such as colour, turbidity, pH, conductivity, total hardness, total alkalinity, total iron, manganese, chloride, and sulphate. Heavy metal contamination in water samples were detected by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopic method. In addition, the biological examination of water samples was estimated. The results showed that the water samples were contaminated with some heavy metals