4,769 research outputs found
First Do No Harm: Client and Staff Experiences of Negative Effects from Dialecetical Behaviour Therapy
Background: Research has shown that Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) is effective in reducing self-harm and suicidal ideation. However, research regarding experiences of DBT, particularly those of a negative nature, is sparse. The limited findings suggest that clients have reported difficulties in the therapeutic relationship, and staff have observed DBT to overly rigid, and constrained by organisational factors. However, no research has focused on both groupsâ understandings of negative effects.
Aims: To explore client and staff experiences of the negative effects from DBT and investigate how their understandings compare. In addition, to explore how staff address any negative effects that arise.
Methodology: Underpinned by critical realism, this research adopted a qualitative approach. Eight client participants and seven staff participants, who had experienced or witnessed negative experiences from DBT, engaged in semistructured interviews, the transcripts of which were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Analysis: Four themes relating to client experiences were generated: âIâm the problemâ, âDBT can do no wrongâ, âNo understanding of traumaâ, and âAn unhealthy âblueprint for relationshipsââ. Five themes relating to staff experiences were generated: âItâs not me, itâs the clientâ, âDBT or nothingâ, âWe donât do âwhyâ in DBTâ, âWe did make some changesâ, and âOrganisational ârestrictionsââ.
Conclusion: Both staff and clients understood negative effects from DBT to include pathologization and re-traumatisation. However, whilst clients related negative effects to the therapeutic relationship, staff highlighted the impact of organisational restrictions. Given the study design and selection bias, this study cannot ascertain the prevalence of negative effects from DBT. Nonetheless, the findings support recommendations for practice, including adapting DBT to become trauma-informed, and prioritising informed consent
Bulk Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Kondo Insulator SmB6
Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride (SmB6) has been intensely studied in
recent years as a potential candidate of a strongly correlated topological
insulator. One of the most exciting phenomena observed in SmB6 is the clear
quantum oscillations appearing in magnetic torque at a low temperature despite
the insulating behavior in resistance. These quantum oscillations show multiple
frequencies and varied effective masses. The origin of quantum oscillation is,
however, still under debate with evidence of both two-dimensional Fermi
surfaces and three-dimensional Fermi surfaces. Here, we carry out
angle-resolved torque magnetometry measurements in a magnetic field up to 45 T
and a temperature range down to 40 mK. With the magnetic field rotated in the
(010) plane, the quantum oscillation frequency of the strongest oscillation
branch shows a four-fold rotational symmetry. However, in the angular
dependence of the amplitude of the same branch, this four-fold symmetry is
broken and, instead, a twofold symmetry shows up, which is consistent with the
prediction of a two-dimensional Lifshitz-Kosevich model. No deviation of
Lifshitz-Kosevich behavior is observed down to 40 mK. Our results suggest the
existence of multiple light-mass surface states in SmB6, with their mobility
significantly depending on the surface disorder level.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
Benefit and performance impact analysis of using hydrogen fuel cell powered e-taxi system on A320 class airliner
This paper presents the work carried out to evaluate the benefits and performance impacts of introducing a hydrogen fuel cell powered electric taxiing system to a conventional short-haul aircraft. Tasks carried out in this research and reported in this paper include the initial system design, hydrogen tank initial sizing, calculation of the impact on fuel burn and emissions and the evaluation of the effects on Direct Operating Cost (DOC). The Airbus A320 has been selected as the datum aircraft for sizing the system, and the benefits analysis is particularly focused on the fleet composition and financial data of a Europe-based, low-cost, large-scale A320 family operator in 2016. The maximum power capacity of 400 kW has been sized based on the rolling friction coefficient of 0.02. Based on the operatorâs 2016 financial, up to 1% fuel reduction can be achieved using the proposed system and the reduction in total maintenance cost is expected to be up to 7.3%. Additionally, up to 5.97% net profit improvement is estimated in comparison with the annual after-tax profit of the datum operator in 201
Flip Distance Between Triangulations of a Simple Polygon is NP-Complete
Let T be a triangulation of a simple polygon. A flip in T is the operation of
removing one diagonal of T and adding a different one such that the resulting
graph is again a triangulation. The flip distance between two triangulations is
the smallest number of flips required to transform one triangulation into the
other. For the special case of convex polygons, the problem of determining the
shortest flip distance between two triangulations is equivalent to determining
the rotation distance between two binary trees, a central problem which is
still open after over 25 years of intensive study. We show that computing the
flip distance between two triangulations of a simple polygon is NP-complete.
This complements a recent result that shows APX-hardness of determining the
flip distance between two triangulations of a planar point set.Comment: Accepted versio
The Rescue of American International Group Module Z: Overview
In September 2008, in the midst of the broader financial crisis, the Federal Reserve Board of Governors used its emergency authority under Section 13(3) of the Federal Reserve Act to authorize the largest loan in its history, a 1 trillion insurance and financial company that was experiencing severe liquidity strains. In connection with the loan, the government received an equity interest representing 79.9% of the companyâs ownership. AIG continued to experience a depressed stock price, asset devaluations, and the risk of ratings downgrades leading to questions about its solvency. To stabilize the company, the government committed additional assistance, including equity investments under the Troubled Assets Relief Program and asset purchases, for a total commitment of 22.7 billion for the government and taxpayers. In this case we discuss the governmentâs actions on an aggregate basis and analyze how the rescue was conceived and executed in order to better understand the unique lessons to be learned and possibly applied to future crisis events
Quantum oscillations in Kondo Insulator SmB
In Kondo insulator samarium hexaboride SmB, strong correlation and band
hybridization lead to an insulating gap and a diverging resistance at low
temperature. The resistance divergence ends at about 5 Kelvin, a behavior
recently demonstrated to arise from the surface conductance. However, questions
remain whether and where a topological surface state exists. Quantum
oscillations have not been observed to map the Fermi surface. We solve the
problem by resolving the Landau Level quantization and Fermi surface topology
using torque magnetometry. The observed Fermi surface suggests a two
dimensional surface state on the (101) plane. Furthermore, the tracking of the
Landau Levels in the infinite magnetic field limit points to -1/2, which
indicates a 2D Dirac electronic state
C-Type Natriuretic Peptide (CNP) Inhibition of Interferon-Îł-Mediated Gene Expression in Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, now account for more deaths in the Western world than from any other cause. Atherosclerosis has a chronic inflammatory component involving Th1 pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-Îł, which is known to induce endothelial cell inflammatory responses. On the other hand CNP, which acts via its receptors to elevate intracellular cGMP, is produced by endothelium and endocardium and is upregulated in atherosclerosis. It is believed to be protective, however its role in vascular inflammation is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CNP on human endothelial cell inflammatory responses following IFN-Îł stimulation. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with either IFN-Îł (10 ng/mL) or CNP (100 nm), or both in combination, followed by analysis by flow cytometry for expression of MHC class I and ICAM-1. IFN-Îł significantly increased expression of both molecules, which was significantly inhibited by CNP or the cGMP donor 8-Bromoguanosine 3â,5â-cyclic monophosphate (1 ”m). CNP also reduced IFN-Îł mediated kynurenine generation by the IFN-Îł regulated enzyme indoleamine-2,3-deoxygenase (IDO). We conclude that CNP downmodulates IFN-Îł induced pro-inflammatory gene expression in human endothelial cells via a cGMP-mediated pathway. Thus, CNP may have a protective role in vascular inflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for CVD based on upregulation of endothelial CNP expression could reduce chronic EC inflammation
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