Effect of White Kabesak (Acacia Leucophloea Roxb) Leaves Level in the Diet on Feed Intake and Body Weight Gain of Kacang Goat

This study was conducted to analysis the effect of levels of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves in the diet on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Kacang goats. The completely randomized block design using 5 treatments and 5 replications was used in this experiment. The treatments were 5 concentrate feeds containing different levels of white kabesak leaves i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in the dry matter (DM) basis (representing T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments, respectively). The feeds were set up to contain 11.5-12.5% of crude protein (CP). Concentrate feed and native grass was fed at ratio of 60 : 40 was fed to 5 local male goats (age 1-1.5 years old and initial weight of 16.7±5.0 kg). The results showed that DM, organic matter (OM), and CP intake of T0 was not significantly different from those of T1 goats, but it was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of T2, T3 and T4. The DM, OM, CP, and crude fiber (CF) digestibility as well as body weight gain in T2 goats were significantly higher (P<0.05) and had feed conversion ratio that was significantly better (P<0.05) compared to those of the other feed treatments. In conclusion, the most optimum level of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves used in concentrate feed for goat was 20 %

A review of assessment methods for river hydromorphology

The work leading to this paper has received funding for the EU’s FP7 under Grant Agreement No. 282656 (REFORM

Antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori from patients in Ile-Ife, South-west, Nigeria

Background: Helicobacter pylori has become recognized as a major cause of gastroduodenal diseases in man. Evidence indicates that once acquired, H. pylori persists, usually for life unless eradicated by antimicrobial therapy. Over the past few years, we have accumulated some knowledge of the epidemiology of H. pylori in Ile-Ife, South-West Nigeria. In one collaborative study, we detected H. pylori in 195 (73%) patients referred for endoscopy at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC). Furthermore we have observed a variegated gastric inflammatory response and atrophy including atrophic pangastritis but are yet to demonstrate MALToma in any of our patients. In addition we have demonstrated that dental plaque is a possible source of gastric H. pylori infection and such an endogenous source could account for difficulty in eradication leading to re-infection. Presently, infected patients are treated with standard combination therapy made up of amoxycilin and ciprofloxacin with a proton pump inhibitor /bismuth. Reports however have shown that the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori is a growing problem and which has been linked with failures in treatment and eradication. Given this situation it has become necessary to have information about the susceptibility of isolates to particular antimicrobial agents before the selection of an appropriate treatment regimen. Objectives: More recently, we sought to study antimicrobial susceptibility of locally isolated H. pylori strains. Methods: We subjected 32 isolates to antimicrobial susceptibility testing against seven agents. Results: All the isolates showed multiple acquired antimicrobial resistance as they were all resistant to amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, while 29/31, 27/31 showed resistance to rifampicin and tetracycline respectively. Five (15.6%) of these isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that H. pylori strains isolated within our study environment have acquired resistance to all the commonly prescribed antibiotics. On the basis of the findings it would be necessary to re-evaluate the eradication treatment regime in our setting. African Health Sciences Vol. 7 (3) 2007: pp. 143-14