Experimental bound entanglement in a four-photon state

Entanglement [1, 2] enables powerful new quantum technologies [3-8], but in real-world implementations, entangled states are often subject to decoherence and preparation errors. Entanglement distillation [9, 10] can often counteract these effects by converting imperfectly entangled states into a smaller number of maximally entangled states. States that are entangled but cannot be distilled are called bound entangled [11]. Bound entanglement is central to many exciting theoretical results in quantum information processing [12-14], but has thus far not been experimentally realized. A recent claim for experimental bound entanglement is not supported by their data [15]. Here, we consider a family of four-qubit Smolin states [16], focusing on a regime where the bound entanglement is experimentally robust. We encode the state into the polarization of four photons and show that our state exhibits both entanglement and undistillability, the two defining properties of bound entanglement. We then use our state to implement entanglement unlocking, a key feature of Smolin states [16].Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. For a simultaneously submitted related work see arXiv:1005.196

Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses - Revised Consensus Statement

The purpose of this manuscript is to revise and update the previous consensus statement on inflammatory airway disease (IAD) in horses. Since 2007, a large number of scientific articles have been published on the topic and these new findings have led to a significant evolution of our understanding of IAD

Is dry reforming the solution to reduce natural gas carbon footprint?

With the increasing world’s energy demand along with the constantly expanding field of natural gas exploitation around the world, dry reforming of methane has gained increasing attention. Through this technology, natural gas can be converted into syngas, which is a well-known building block used for the production of alcohols and fuels. This technology has become an interesting approach for the valorization of a variety of CO2 streams and for the reduction of the natural gas carbon footprint. In this work, attention will be given to the different reforming technologies used at industrial scale, followed by an investigation of the different approaches used for dry reforming of methane. Furthermore, focus will be given on how natural gas reforming could be used as a vehicle to store renewable energy while trying as well to reduce the carbon footprint of this technology. The technology presented in this work was previously developed by Hydro Québec and uses a cheap and available catalyst in addition to electricity to convert methane and carbon dioxide into syngas. Reactants conversions were up to 99% and the syngas produced had a H2/CO ratio of 1 for over 200h