Aspects of Multiple Membranes

This paper examines various aspects of the recently proposed theory of coincident membranes by Bagger and Lambert. These include the properties of open membranes and the resulting boundary theory with an interpretation in terms of the fivebrane and marginal supersymmetric deformations of the interactions with the relation to the holographic dual.Comment: latex, 24 page

How Have Researchers Defined Institutions, Politics, Organizations and Governance in Research Related to Epidemic and Pandemic Response? A Scoping Review to Map Current Concepts

In recent years, the literature on public health interventions and health outcomes in the context of epidemic and pandemic response has grown immensely. However, relatively few of these studies have situated their findings within the institutional, political, organizational and governmental (IPOG) context in which interventions and outcomes exist. This conceptual mapping scoping study synthesized the published literature on the impact of IPOG factors on epidemic and pandemic response and critically examined definitions and uses of the terms IPOG in this literature. This research involved a comprehensive search of four databases across the social, health and biomedical sciences as well as multi-level eligibility screening conducted by two independent reviewers. Data on the temporal, geographic and topical range of studies were extracted, then descriptive statistics were calculated to summarize these data. Hybrid inductive and deductive qualitative analysis of the full-text articles was conducted to critically analyse the definitions and uses of these terms in the literature. The searches retrieved 4918 distinct articles; 65 met the inclusion criteria and were thus reviewed. These articles were published from 2004 to 2022, were mostly written about COVID-19 (61.5%) and most frequently engaged with the concept of governance (36.9%) in relation to epidemic and pandemic response. Emergent themes related to the variable use of the investigated terms, the significant increase in relevant literature published amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as a lack of consistent definitions used across all four terms: institutions, politics, organizations and governance. This study revealed opportunities for health systems researchers to further engage in interdisciplinary work with fields such as law and political science, to become more forthright in defining factors that shape responses to epidemics and pandemics and to develop greater consistency in using these IPOG terms in order to lessen confusion among a rapidly growing body of literature

Oceanic influence on southernmost South American precipitation

The potential oceanic influence on southernmost South American precipitation since 1930 is analyzed in this study. The aim is to define oceanic characteristics that can produce wetter or drier conditions over the mentioned region on different time scales. Results suggest important precipitation-oceanic links in decadal and interdecadal oscillations. The eastern and central subtropical Indian, western tropical Pacific and western and central subtropical Pacific could be forcing the precipitation on decadal time scale. Moreover, the eastern tropical and western subtropical Indian and western and central subtropical Pacific could be forcing the variability of precipitation on interdecadal time scale. Although the research was focused in forcing of precipitation, relations among different regions of the Indian and Pacific oceans on decadal and interdecadal time scales have also been detected. Therefore, results presented here can be useful in describing new aspects of the remote influence of both oceans on regional climate.En este trabajo se analiza la posible influencia oceánica en la variabilidad de la precipitación sobre el extremo sur de Sudamérica desde 1930. El objetivo es definir características oceánicas que pueden producir condiciones de más o menos lluvia en diferentes escalas de tiempo en la mencionada región. Los resultados sugieren importantes relaciones entre los océanos y la precipitación en oscilaciones decadales e interdecadales. El este y centro del índico subtropical, el oeste del Pacífico tropical y el oeste y centro del Pacífico subtropical podrían estar influenciando la precipitación en escala decadal. Por otra parte, la región este tropical y oeste subtropical del índico, y el oeste y centro del Pacífico subtropical podrían influenciar la variabilidad de la precipitación en escala interdecadal. Si bien el estudio se enfocó en la variabilidad de la precipitación, relaciones entre diferentes regiones de los océanos Índico y Pacífico en escalas decadal e interdecadal han sido también detectadas. Por lo tanto, los resultados aquí presentados pueden también ser útiles para describir nuevos aspectos de la influencia remota de ambos océanos en el clima regional.Fil: Berman, Ana Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Silvestri, Gabriel Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmosfera. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmosfera; ArgentinaFil: Compagnucci, Rosa Hilda. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Velasco Herrera, Victor. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Geofísica; Méxic

Management of Free-Roaming Horses

The modern horse (Equus caballus) evolved in North America about four million years ago, dispersing into Eurasia approximately two to three million years ago. Following this emigration, several extinctions occurred in North America, as did additional migrations to Asia and return migrations to North America (see chap. 8). The final North American extinction occurred between 13,000 and 11,000 years ago (Hunt 1992). Eurasian populations persisted, and humans began domestication ~6,000-5 ,500 years ago (Outram et al. 2009) on the western Eurasian Steppe (Warmuth et al. 2012) and perhaps on the Iberian Peninsula (Warmuth et al. 2011; Achilli et al. 2012). Today, European free-roaming horse populations can be grouped into three classes: (1) traditional popu· lations, (2) true feral populations, and (3) introduced populations (for the purposes of conservation management). We consider traditional popu· lations to be free-roaming, long-established horses that are harvested by local people (United Kingdom, Spain, Portugal). Atlantic ponies from the North Iberian Peninsula and the North Atlantic Islands make up a large proportion of these animals; some consider them remnants of wild horses living in the region since the Pleistocene (Barcena 2012). Feral populations are domestic animals that were abandoned by local farmers and today live largely unmanaged (Romania, Russia), and introduced populations are used as components of various habitat restoration proj· ects across Europe (Latvia, the Netherlands) (Rewilding Europe 2012). In North America, horses reintroduced in 1493 spread across the plains after escape or release, forming feral herds throughout the United States and Canada (see chap. 8). In South America, horses introduced by the Spanish and Portuguese during the sixteenth century spread north into the Pampas, Patagonia, and the mountainous Andean regions. And in Australia, horses introduced by European settlers in 1787 spread into the hills around Sydney and into the north, west, and south as pastoral settlement spread across the continent (see chap. 8). In more recent history, the extirpation of their natural predators has led to even further feral horse expansion, resulting in increased human conflict as feral horses more heavily affected livestock, industry, and native wildlife

Análisis en tiempo-frecuencia de la conexión entre la atmósfera y el Océano Pacífico Tropical

En este trabajo son exploradas las relaciones entre el Indice de Oscilación Sur (SOI) y la temperatura de la superficie del mar (TSM) tanto del Pacifico tropical como de la región subtropical del Pacífico Sur para las diferentes bandas del espacio de tiempo-frecuencia mediante la transformada de ondeleta (transformada wavelet). En el Pacífico tropical central, los resultados muestran que el conocido sistema acoplado El Niño-Oscilación Sur (ENOS) caracterizado por simultáneas anomalías positivas (negativas) del SOI y negativas (positivas) de la TSM ocurre en todo el espacio de frecuencias. Sin embargo, estas relaciones significativas con el SOI se interrumpen en el océano tropical oeste en oscilaciones alrededor de 8 años cerca del destacado cambio climático de 1976/77. En las periodicidades más largas, el SOI tiene una débil relación con las áreas del océano tropical oeste y no tiene conexión con las regiones del este. Los índices de TSM subtropical exhiben relaciones complejas con el SOI. Estas son significativas pero no estacionarias con la TSM de la región del oeste, con la región central son detectadas solo estrechas conexiones en específicas periodicidades y en la región este prácticamente desaparecen.El análisis de series reconstruidas para periodos preinstrumental revela que las esporádicas desconexiones entre el SOI y el Pacifico tropical fueron comunes durante los últimos siglos.Relations between the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and the sea surface temperature (SST) in the tropical and subtropical South Pacific are explored in this paper for different bands of the timefrequency space using the wavelet transform. In the tropical central Pacific, results show that the widely know coupled system El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) characterized by simultaneous positive (negative) SOI anomalies and negative (positive) SST anomalies occurs in the entire range of frequency. However, these significant links with the SOI are interrupted in the western tropical ocean in oscillations around 8 yrs near the extensively described 1976/77 climate shift. In the largest periodicities, the SOI has a weak relation with the western tropical areas and it does not have connection with the eastern regions. The indexes of subtropical SST exhibit complex relationships with the SOI. The links are significant but non-stationary with the western regions, close connections only occur in specific periodicities in the central areas and they vanish to the east. The analysis performed for reconstructed series for pre-instrumental times reveals that the sporadic disconnections between the SOI and the tropical Pacific were usual during the last centuries.Asociación Argentina de Geofísicos y Geodesta

Co-variabilidad de la temperatura superficial del mar entre cuencas del Hemisferio sur

En este trabajo se estudian relaciones estadísticas entre diferentes regiones de los océanos del Hemisferio Sur en todo el espacio tiempo-frecuencia durante los últimos cincuenta años aplicando la metodología de transformada ondeletas de coherencia a promedios anuales de anomalías mensuales de temperatura superficial del mar. Entre los resultados más relevantes encontrados debe mencionarse que las regiones del oeste y centro del Pacífico tropical tienen una estrecha relación en oscilaciones menores a 8 años y en oscilaciones alrededor de 12 años pero notables desacoples son detectados en el resto del espacio de frecuencias. Por otra parte, la relación entre las regiones del oeste y del este del Pacífico tropical es significativa sólo en oscilaciones menores a 8 años con una clara interrupción durante la década de 1980. Importantes conexiones en oscilaciones interdecadales son detectadas entre las regiones del oeste y centro del Pacifico subtropical. En el Océano Atlántico se encuentran relaciones significativas en un amplio rango de frecuencias entre las regiones del oeste y, especialmente, entre las regiones tropicales mientras que en el Océano Indico solo se observan relaciones importantes entre áreas subtropicales en oscilaciones decadales e interdecadales. El análisis también revela fuertes conexiones entre las tres cuencas oceánicas en diferentes bandas de frecuencia.Relations among different regions of the Southern Hemisphere oceans in the whole time-frequency space during the last fifty years are studied applying the methodology of Wavelet Coherence Analysis to annual means of monthly anomalies of sea surface temperature. Among the most relevant results, it must be mentioned that the western and central regions of the tropical Pacific have a close relation in oscillations shorter than 8 years and in oscillations around 12 years but important disconnections are detected in the rest of the space of frequencies. Moreover, the relation among the western and eastern regions of the tropical Pacific is significant only in oscillations shorter than 8 years with a clear interruption during the 1980s. Important connections in interdecadal oscillations are detected among the western and central regions of the subtropical Pacific. Significant relations in a wide range of frequencies among the western and, specially, among the tropical regions of the Atlantic Ocean are found. In the Indian Ocean, the relations among subtropical areas in decadal and interdecadal scales are the only ones important. The analysis also reveals strong connections among the three oceanic basins in different bands of frequencies.Asociación Argentina de Geofísicos y Geodesta

Patient experience of care in a student-faculty collaborative practice

Student Run Clinics (SRCs) are a popular means of caring for the underserved while providing valuable medical education opportunities. Reports of patient experience surveys are rare in this setting. This is troublesome because it is possible that underserved patients, who are more likely to receive care at SRCs, are not receiving the same level of care as at more traditional medical practices. The purpose of this research was to measure patient experience in a student-led medical clinic. The method included the use of patient experience surveys, which were self-administered pre-visit and self- and interviewer administered post-visit. The key results, 100% of patients felt treated with respect. 81.4% of patients would “definitely” and 16.3% would “somewhat” refer their family and friends to the clinic. 87% reported being seen within 15 minutes of their appointment time; 60% reported that they knew they would be seen by medical students and a doctor. This data has been useful to our student-led clinic in streamlining clinic flow, reducing wait times and building awareness of our structure. Our hope is this study will encourage others SRCs to adopt similar student-faculty collaborative research based practices to enhance care for SRC patients while teaching students to use patient feedback to improve quality of care

Promoting Positive Identity Development in Troubled Youth: A Developmental Intervention Science Outreach Research Approach

This article illustrates how developmental intervention science outreach research contributes to knowledge development on the promotion of positive identity development by describing results from the Miami Youth Development Project. The project is committed to the use of descriptive and explanatory knowledge about evidence-based individual and institutional intervention strategies for promoting developmental change in self and identity. Our efforts, described here, include a method for measuring theoretically and personally meaningful identity change, a procedure for integrating key aspects of qualitative and quantitative data through relational data analysis, and an evidence-based positive youth development intervention that fosters measurable and meaningful identity change

A Developmental Intervention Science (DIS) outreach research approach to promoting youth development: Theoretical, methodological, and meta-theoretical challenges.

This paper describes work directed toward creating community-supported positive youth development interventions that draw on a developmental intervention science outreach research approach. With respect to developmental interventions, this approach focuses on creating evidence-based longitudinal change intervention strategies for promoting long-term developmental change. The paper describes three broad challenges (theoretical, methodological, and meta-theoretical) that the authors faced in their efforts to develop and implement community-supported intervention programs built on this approach. The authors describe first the theoretical challenges they addressed in developing the conceptual framework for their community-supported intervention; second, the challenge of developing and refining a methodological framework for evaluating positive youth development interventions in “real-world” settings; and third, the meta-theoretical challenges that arose in the context of implementing community-supported positive development programs