Intensification in the content of methodic training a teacher of technological education

Experience of methodic training a teacher of technological education in the transition to Federal state educational standards of general education on the bases of intensification of educational process by planning and arranging professionally oriented public projects is generalized in this article. © IDOSI Publications, 2013

Research project "subject developing environment of preschool education" for Russian preschool bilinguals (By the example of textile educational materials)

© Author(s).The problem's relevance stated in the article is determined by the following: forming preschool bilinguals' subject developing environment is connected with their active education and development, as well as with flexible preparation for studying at school. The purpose of this article is to develop methodology of textile developing materials' use in training kindergarten teachers of preschool educational institutions to practice oriented activities. The leading method of this problem study is a method of simulation which allows generating and putting into practice a model-transformer, giving an opportunity to intensify the process of children- bilinguals' education and development in a multicultural environment. The structure of the presented model of preschool bilinguals' subject developing environment with textile developing materials use in the practice of a kindergarten teacher in the context of implementation GEF PE requirements includes polyfunctionality, ethnic component and polyvalent space. The model is directed to textile developing materials ' use in the kindergarten teacher's activity with children bilinguals. Presented research project "Subject developing environment of preschool education" for children bilinguals may be used as a basis of improvement pedagogical activity with preschool children and in training bachelors of professional education

ORGANIZATION OF MONITORING IN THE QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS WHEN TRAINING OF SPECIALISTS

Purpose: The problem of the quality of education concerns not only Russia but also the entire world community. Many developed countries are concerned about the current state of education and are trying to improve their quality. One of the leading trends in the modernization of education in Russia is increasing attention to the problem of improving its quality, which requires the development of conceptual approaches to finding ways to solve it. Methodology: In pedagogical terms, the quality of education is considered from two positions: firstly, as the degree of compliance of the educational system with the established requirements and the quality of educational services provided by the educational institution; secondly, as the effectiveness of the educational process that meets the needs of social customers not only in terms of assimilation of a certain amount of knowledge by students, but also the development of their personality, cognitive and creative abilities. Result: The choice of an actual and effective educational program is interesting not only for the consumer but also for the educational organization (institution), as it is a quality program in many sectors of education that affects the competitiveness of the educational organization. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the Organization of Monitoring in the Quality Management System of the Educational Process when Training of Specialists is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner

Features of sociocultural adjustment of Chinese students studying in Russian universities

© 2017. The purpose of this article is determining the sociocultural features of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities. The expansion of bilateral economic relationship between Russia and China has led to a growing interest of Chinese young people towards receiving higher education in Russian universities. Simplified procedure of admission of foreign students leads to complication of their cultural adjustment to a new sociocultural environment. The article presents the results of sociological survey of Chinese students studying in the technical university. It is concluded that the transition of a foreign student to a new society is accompanied by culture shock. Symptoms of culture shock and phases of cultural adjustment process are highlighted in the present article on the bases of K.Oberg methodology. According to U-curve cultural adjustment model proposed by Lysgaard S., the adapting person overcomes three main phases: initial adjustment, crisis state, and final adjustment. The analysis of the conducted survey has confirmed that adjustment to a new culture takes place according to the U-curve by Lysgaard. Determination of ways to solve the problem of foreign students' adjustment to study in Russian universities is associated by the author with the identification of sociocultural characteristics of a specific country. It is revealed that the peculiarities of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities include sociocultural, psychological, and didactic features. In this connection, it is necessary to determine the extent of the impact of these characteristics on the adjustment process of Chinese students

Features of sociocultural adjustment of Chinese students studying in Russian universities

© 2017. The purpose of this article is determining the sociocultural features of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities. The expansion of bilateral economic relationship between Russia and China has led to a growing interest of Chinese young people towards receiving higher education in Russian universities. Simplified procedure of admission of foreign students leads to complication of their cultural adjustment to a new sociocultural environment. The article presents the results of sociological survey of Chinese students studying in the technical university. It is concluded that the transition of a foreign student to a new society is accompanied by culture shock. Symptoms of culture shock and phases of cultural adjustment process are highlighted in the present article on the bases of K.Oberg methodology. According to U-curve cultural adjustment model proposed by Lysgaard S., the adapting person overcomes three main phases: initial adjustment, crisis state, and final adjustment. The analysis of the conducted survey has confirmed that adjustment to a new culture takes place according to the U-curve by Lysgaard. Determination of ways to solve the problem of foreign students' adjustment to study in Russian universities is associated by the author with the identification of sociocultural characteristics of a specific country. It is revealed that the peculiarities of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities include sociocultural, psychological, and didactic features. In this connection, it is necessary to determine the extent of the impact of these characteristics on the adjustment process of Chinese students

Features of sociocultural adjustment of Chinese students studying in Russian universities

© 2017. The purpose of this article is determining the sociocultural features of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities. The expansion of bilateral economic relationship between Russia and China has led to a growing interest of Chinese young people towards receiving higher education in Russian universities. Simplified procedure of admission of foreign students leads to complication of their cultural adjustment to a new sociocultural environment. The article presents the results of sociological survey of Chinese students studying in the technical university. It is concluded that the transition of a foreign student to a new society is accompanied by culture shock. Symptoms of culture shock and phases of cultural adjustment process are highlighted in the present article on the bases of K.Oberg methodology. According to U-curve cultural adjustment model proposed by Lysgaard S., the adapting person overcomes three main phases: initial adjustment, crisis state, and final adjustment. The analysis of the conducted survey has confirmed that adjustment to a new culture takes place according to the U-curve by Lysgaard. Determination of ways to solve the problem of foreign students' adjustment to study in Russian universities is associated by the author with the identification of sociocultural characteristics of a specific country. It is revealed that the peculiarities of adjustment of Chinese students to study in Russian universities include sociocultural, psychological, and didactic features. In this connection, it is necessary to determine the extent of the impact of these characteristics on the adjustment process of Chinese students

Оценка противоопухолевой активности 2-[3-(2-хлорэтил)- 3-нитрозоуреидо]-1,3-пропандиола (хлонизола) у мышей C57BL/6 с трансплантированной интракраниально меланомой B16

Background. The arsenal of antitumor drug therapy for melanoma brain metastases is limited. The search and study of new agents capable to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and provide a therapeutic effect against intracranial tumors remains an unmet clinical need. The aim is to evaluate the antitumor activity of the domestic derivative of nitrosoalkylureas, chlonisol, in mice with intracranially transplanted syngeneic B16 melanoma. Methods. The experiment was carried out in 18 female inbred C57BL/6 mice. After intracranial tumor transplantation, performed according to modified technique, the animals were randomized into two groups: I. Control (n = 10) – the animals were injected with normal saline 10 ml/kg intraperitoneally; II. Chlonisol (n = 8) – the animals were treated with the test compound at a dose of 15 mg/kg in normal saline intraperitoneally. The single administration of normal saline and chlonisol was performed 24 hours after tumor transplantation. The end point of the study was overall survival (OS) of the animals. Results. Compared with the control group, administration of chlonisol significantly increased the median OS of mice from 13 to 18 days (log rank test, p = 0.0005). Chlonisol significantly decreased the risk of death by 71 % compared with the control group (HR = 0.29; 95 %CI 0.10–0.82). By the 15th day after intracranial transplantation of B16 melanoma, all 10 mice in the control group died from intracerebral tumors (100 %), whereas in the chlonisol group only 2 out of 8 (25 %) mice died (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0015). Conclusion. Despite the exploratory nature of the present study, it provides a good starting point for further research of chlonisol in brain tumors.Актуальность. Арсенал средств противоопухолевой терапии метастазов меланомы в головной мозг ограничен. Актуальным остаётся поиск и изучение новых средств, способных проникать через гематоэнцефалический барьер и оказывать терапевтический эффект в отношении интракраниальных опухолевых очагов. Цель. Оценить противоопухолевую активность отечественного производного нитрозоалкилмочевин хлонизола у мышей с трансплантированной интракраниально сингенной меланомой B16. Методы. Эксперимент был проведён на 18 инбредных мышах самках линии C57BL/6. После интракраниальной трансплантации опухоли, выполненной по модифицированной методике, животные были рандомизированы в две группы: I. Контроль (n = 10) – животным однократно внутрибрюшинно вводили 0,9 % раствор натрия хлорида в объёме 10 мл/кг; II. Хлонизол (n = 8) – животным однократно внутрибрюшинно вводили тестируемое соединение в дозе 15 мг/кг в 0,9 % раствора натрия хлорида. Введение 0,9 % раствора натрия хлорида и хлонизола выполняли через 24 часа после трансплантации опухоли. Конечной точкой исследования была оценка общей выживаемости (ОВ) животных. Результаты. По сравнению с контрольной группой введение хлонизола значимо увеличило медиану ОВ мышей с 13 до 18 дней (логранговый тест, p = 0,0005). В группе хлонизола установлено достоверное снижение риска смерти животных на 71 % по сравнению с контрольной группой (HR = 0,29; 95% CI 0,10–0,82). К 15-му дню после интракраниальной трансплантации меланомы В16 все 10 мышей контрольной группы погибли от внутримозговой опухоли (100 %), а в группе хлонизола погибли 2 из 8 (25 %) мышей (точный критерий Фишера, p = 0,0015). Заключение. Несмотря на разведочный характер представленного исследования, его результаты могут служить обоснованием для дальнейшего изучения хлонизола при опухолевых поражениях головного мозга

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМ RECIST 1.1 И irRC ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ ОТВЕТА НА ТЕРАПИЮ ИПИЛИМУМАБОМ ИЛИ ДЕНДРИТНОКЛЕТОЧНЫМИ ВАКЦИНАМИ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ДИССЕМИНИРОВАННОЙ МЕЛАНОМОЙ КОЖИ

Special systems were developed for response assessment of immunooncology drugs. The role and benefits of particular system in assessing the efficacy of different immunotherapy methods are not clear yet. The objective of this study is to compare the responses on ipilimab (IPI) or dendritic cell vaccines (DCV) therapy by RECIST 1.1 and irRC criteria. Eighty two patients with unresectable disseminated or locally advanced stage III-IV melanoma were included. Fifty-five patients were treated with IPI and 27 – with DCV at the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology from 2007 to 2016. Response by each system was compared to overall survival (OS). Response by both systems was a good marker for OS in IPI group (p=0,0001 for both systems) but not in DCV group (p=0,357 for RECIST and p=0,411 for irRC). Discrepancies in responses by different systems were detected in 5 patients in the IPI group and in 5 patients in the DCV group (p>0.05). The median of OS in IPI patients with PD by both systems was 8.8 mo. In case of mixed responses, (RECIST progression disease (PD) and irRC stable disease) OS in IPI group was 29.1+ mo, 16.7 mo. In the case of SD by RECIST and PD by irRC OS was 11.6+ mo. One patient with PD by RECIST and partial response by irRC lived 16.3 mo. OS in DCV group was 9.5+, 8.7, 15.3, 29.7 mo. in patients with mixed responses (PD+SD); 15,7 mo. in patient with SD by RECIST and PR by irRC. There was a trend to better overall survival of patients with PD according to the RECIST 1.1 and the absence of PD by irRC system in comparison with the PD by both systems in the treatment of IPI was revealed. In the DCV group the same pattern wasn’t found. Thus, both the RECIST 1.1 system and the irRC system are good surrogate markers for the overall survival. SD in patients receiving DCV cannot be considered a good response to therapy, since it does not improve the OS in comparison with patients who has PD by the same system. The irRC system allows to extract a subgroup of patients with better overall survival from patients with PD by RECIST among those who receive IPI but not DCV for systemic therapy of melanoma.Для оценки эффективности новых методов иммунотерапии были созданы специализированные системы оценки объективного ответа на лечение. Однако роль и преимущества использования конкретной методики до сих пор не ясны. Нами проведено ретроспективное сравнение оценки эффективности различных по механизму действия методов иммунотерапии – ипилимумаба (IPI) и аутологичной дендритноклеточной вакцины (DCV) – по системам RECIST 1.1 и irRC. В исследование включено 82 пациента с диссеминированной или местнораспространенной нерезектабельной меланомой кожи III–IV стадии, получавших IPI (n=55) или DCV (n=27). Оценку ответа по каждой из систем сопоставляли с общей выживаемостью больных (OS). Эффект лечения по любой системе позволял прогнозировать OS больных, получавших IPI (р=0,0001 для каждой системы), но не DCV (р=0,357 и p=0,411 для RECIST 1.1 и irRC соответственно). Частота расхождений ответов на лечение между разными системами оценки была сопоставима для IPI и DCV (10 % и 19 % соответственно, р>0,05). В группе IPI медиана OS при прогрессировании заболевания (PD) по двум системам составила 8,8 мес, PD по RECIST 1.1 и стабилизация заболевания (SD) по irRC OS наблюдалась у 2 больных с ОВ – 29,1+ мес и 16,7 мес. При обратной ситуации у 2 больных OS составила 11,6+ и 12 мес. Медиана OS при SD по 2 системам – 25,5 мес, при объективном ответе – 35,2 мес. В группе DCV у пациентов с PD по обеим системам (медиана OS – 11,3 мес) показатели OS не отличались от SD (9,8 мес). При смешанном ответе (PD по одной системе и SD по другой) показатели OS у больных составили 29,7 мес, 8,7 мес, 9,5+ мес. При объективном ответе наблюдались лучшие показатели OS: 70,3+ мес, 9,5 мес, 102,9+ мес. Таким образом, расхождение оценок ответа по системам RECIST 1.1 и irRC одинаково часто встречается при различных методах иммунотерапии, но имеет различное значение для прогнозирования OS. Требуется отдельная оценка применимости системы irRC для иммунопрепаратов с разными механизмами действия

Pathogenetic Effects of Bacteria of the Genus <i>Desulfovibrio</i>. Experimental Study. Part One: Iron Metabolism

The aim of the work was to study specific systemic effect of sulfate-reducing bacteria of the genus Desulfovibrio on organism systems through creating an experimental model of intragastric bacterial invasion against the background of dysbiotic conditions of rodent gastrointestinal tract. Materials and methods. The experimental study was conducted on Wistar rats. Intestinal dysbiosis was modeled with the help of antibiotics, amoxicillin and metronidazole. Typical strain Desulfovibrio desulfuricans subsp. desulfuricans VKM B-1799T was used as an infectious agent. Results and discussion. As a result of the experiment performed, during the period of acute infection (on day 15 of the experiment), a direct correlation between the concentration of the injected D. desulfuricans VKM B-1799T bacteria suspension and the serum iron level was observed: the higher the infectious agent dose, the lower the serum iron concentration. During the phase of remote effects (day 38 of the experiment), the inverse correlation between the concentrations of D. desulfuricans VKM B-1799T in the intestines of rodents was revealed: when the concentration of the infecting agent increased from 103 CFU/g and higher, the iron level decreased from 43.5 μmol/l to 38.5 μmol/l. When comparing the level of transferrin and unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC), an increase in those parameters was observed in all groups of rats both during the period of acute infection and the period of long-term effects, and the percentage of transferrin iron saturation decreased, indicating the occurrence of iron deficiency against the background of exposure to the infectious agent. Intestinal dysbiosis promotes colonization by opportunistic flora, including Desulfovibrio sp. Changes in the iron metabolism markers in experimental animals against the background of D. desulfuricans VKM B-1799T infestation above 103 CFU/g and the ability of this microorganism to bind iron into an unavailable form suggest that the bacteria Desulfovibrio sp. are one of the key etiological factors of iron deficiency anemia

Активность 2-[3-(2-хлорэтил)-3-нитрозоуреидо]-1,3- пропандиола (хлонизола) в сравнении с ломустином на модели интракраниально трансплантированных опухолей у мышей

Background. Alkylating drugs have been used in tumor chemo therapy for many decades, and the search for effective compounds continues.The aim of the study was to study the activity of the developed new compound – 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-1,3-propanediol (chlonisol) in comparison with lomustine (CCNU) from the nitrosoalkylurea group, which is similar in chemical structure, in the model of intracranially transplanted Ehrlich's tumor and sarcoma 180 in mice.Methods. According to the developed technique, 64 female mice of the BALB/c line were punctured in the skull under anesthesia and inoculated with tumor cells of Ehrlich's carcinoma or sarcoma 180 in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution. After 24 hours, the test substances were administered at the maximum tolerated doses – chlonisol (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and lomustine (50 mg/kg, orally), once. The effect was compared with the control (solvent injection).Results. Chlonisol significantly increased the median overall survival (MOS) of animals after intracranial transplantation of both Ehrlich's tumor (by 39 %) and sarcoma 180 (by 84 %) compared with control (p&lt;0.0001). Chlonisol reduced the risk of death in mice by 73 % compared to control in Ehrlich tumor transplantation and by 83 % in sarcoma 180 (p&lt;0.0001). In contrast, lomustine did not show a significant therapeutic effect in intracranial transplantation of both tumors.Conclusion. The high activity of chlonisol in comparison with lomustine gives reason to consider it as a potential cytostatic agent in the treatment of nervous system tumors.Актуальность. Алкилирующие препараты многие десятилетия используются в химиотерапии опухолей, и поиск эффективных соединений продолжается.Цель исследования изучить активность разрабатываемого нового соединения – 2-[3-(2-хлорэтил)-3-нитрозоуреидо]- 1,3-пропандиола (хлонизола) в сравнении с ломустином (CCNU) из близкой по химическому строению группы нитрозоалкилмочевины на модели интракраниально трансплантированных опухолей Эрлиха и саркомы 180 у мышей.Методы. 64 мышам самкам линии BALB/c, согласно разработанной методики, под наркозом делали прокол в черепе и инокулировали опухолевые клетки карциномы Эрлиха или саркомы 180 в 0,9 % растворе натрия хлорида. Через 24 ч вводили тестируемые вещества в максимально переносимых дозах – хлонизол (20 мг/кг, в/б) и ломустин (50 мг/кг, перорально), однократно. Эффект сравнивали с контролем (введение растворителя).Результаты. Хлонизол достоверно увеличивал медиану продолжительности жизни (МПД) животных-опухоленосителей после интракраниальной трансплантации как опухоли Эрлиха (на 39 %), так и саркомы 180 (на 84 %) по сравнению с контролем (р&lt;0,0001). Хлонизол снижал риск гибели мышей на 73 % по отношению к контролю при трансплантации опухоли Эрлиха и на 83 % – при саркоме 180 (р&lt;0,0001). В противоположность этому, ломустин не проявил достоверного терапевтического эффекта при интракраниальной трансплантации обоих опухолевых штаммов.Заключение. Высокая активность хлонизола в сравнении с ломустином даёт основание рассматривать его как потенциальный цитостатик при лечении опухолей нервной системы