Schematic illustration of how to separate the different host and parasite sources of genetic variation for virulence.

<p>Dots are individual hosts. Lines represent reaction norms for different host or parasite genotypes. a) Virulence is the reduction in health a host experiences when infected. It is a function of the infection intensity (the realized infection intensity in this case is indicated with a vertical line on the x-axis) and the slope of the relationship between health and infection intensity. b) Variation among host genotypes for resistance. c) Variation among host genotypes for tolerance. d) Variation among parasite genotypes for “exploitation.” e) Variation among parasite genotypes for “per parasite pathogenicity.”</p

StrandhRåberg2015

For each sample (host_individual), there is information about species, infection intensity, and composition of infection (number of reads of each ospC strain)

Andersson2013_AmNat

Andersson2013_AmNa

Hpolygyrus infection

File contains data on mouse strain, diet, parasite dose, weight, worm load, and intestinal permeability to FD4

Passer_concate_all_seq

Alignment of the 129 concatenated exon 3 alleles identified. Alignment performed manually using BioEdit V.7.2.5 Sequence Alignment Editor (Hall 1999). In FASTA format

Pamo_Primercomb1_rawdata

Raw (unfiltered) 454 amplicon sequence data for tree sparrow using primer combination 1. Demultiplexed using the software jMHC (2011)

Pahi_primer_comb_3_rawdata

Raw (unfiltered) 454 amplicon sequence data for Spanish sparrow using primer combination 3. Demultiplexed using the software jMHC (2011)

Pado_primercomb_3_rawdata

Raw (unfiltered) 454 amplicon sequence data for house sparrow using primer combination 3. Demultiplexed using the software jMHC (2011)

Tree_alignment

Alignment of all alleles identified with primer combination 1 and used for building the phylogenetic tree

Pado_Primercomb1_rawdata

Raw (unfiltered) 454 amplicon sequence data for house sparrows using primer combination 1. Demultiplexed using the software jMHC (2011)