The design of test-section inserts for higher speed aeroacoustic testing in the Ames 80- by 120-foot wind tunnel

An engineering feasibility study was made of aeroacoustic inserts designed for large-scale acoustic research on aircraft models in the 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel at NASA Ames Research Center. The goal was to find test-section modifications that would allow improved aeroacoustic testing at airspeeds equal to and above the current 100 knots limit. Results indicate that the required maximum airspeed drives the design of a particular insert. Using goals of 200, 150, and 100 knots airspeed, the analysis led to a 30 x 60 ft open-jet test section, a 40 x 80 ft open-jet test section, and a 70 x 110 ft closed test section with enhanced wall lining respectively. The open-jet inserts would be composed of a nozzle, collector, diffuser, and acoustic wedges incorporated in the existing 80 x 120 ft test section. The closed test section would be composed of approximately 5-ft acoustic wedges covered by a porous plate attached to the test-section walls of the existing 80 x 120. All designs would require a double row of acoustic vanes between the test section and fan drive to attenuate fan noise and, in the case of the open-jet designs, to control flow separation at the diffuser downstream end. The inserts would allow virtually anechoic acoustics studies of large helicopter models, jets, and V/STOL aircraft models in simulated flight. Model scale studies would be necessary to optimize the aerodynamic and acoustic performance of any of the designs. Successful development of acoustically transparent walls, though not strictly necessary to the project, would lead to a porous-wall test section that could be substituted for any of the open-jet designs, and thereby eliminate many aerodynamic and acoustic problems characteristic of open-jet shear layers

Recent Establishment of the Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus) in Independence County, Arkansas

Three adult Aedes albopictus were collected on 10 August 1993 within the city limits of Batesville, Arkansas. This is the firs tknown report of this species from Independence County. Subsequent investigation revealed the presence of at least three well established populations in the county, two of which were monitored on a monthly basis from Aprilto September of 1994. Peak A. albopictus numbers were recorded in July and August when the population levels were sufficient to make this mosquito a significant pest in Batesville. Our observations suggest that the Asian tiger mosquito will likely colonize other similar communities in Arkansas

EDUCATION FOR 1984 AND AFTER: A symposium of Deans of Education and leaders in institutions educating teachers

CONTENTS Preface. List of Participants. I. Real Educational Needs and Strategies for Response A. The Roots of Reform and the Demography of Supply and Demand B. The Need for Teachers With Specialized Skills C. Summary on Information Needed The Crisis of Confidence in Schools and Society -- Dean Corrigan. The Preparation of the Teacher: An Evaluation of the State of the Art -- Paul A. Olson II. Targeted Education for Teachers and Access to Teacher Training III. Accountability A. The Concept of Accountability B. Power Relationships: Accountability, Accessibility and Constituencies How Should Schools Be Held Accountable? -- Murray Wax Review of Human and Social Benefits --Jerry L. Petr IV. Power and Oppression: Differences Among Cultures and Matters of Common Humanity A. Power Relationships: Teacher Education and Confusions about Integration, Racism, and Oppression B. Teacher Education: Schools and Communities: How to Evaluate Differentiated Reform Separatism, Segregation, and Integration -- Barbara Sizemore and Anderson Thompson Internationalism and Interculturalism as Concepts -- Paul G. Orr Persisting Ideological Issues of Assimilation in America: Implications for Assessment Practices in Psychology and Education -- Alfredo Castaneda. Review of Teachers for the Real World -- Dean Corrigan..... 121 V. The Blending of the College of Arts and Sciences and the College of Education: Teaching-Learning Centers Teacher Education: Repair, Reform, or Revolution? -- George W. Denemark The New School --Vito Perrone and Warren Strandberg Program for Early Clinical Training of Prospective Teachers -- Joan Goldsmith The Center for Inner City Studies as a Community Enterprise -- Nancy L. Arnez A College for You--The New College -- University of Alabama Bulletin Reorganizing the College of Education --Paul G. Orr Restructuring University Organization Through Program Budgeting --Paul G. Orr VI. Credentialling: Real vs. Vested Authority A Proposal For a Commission on the Licensing of Teachers -- Dennis Doyle VII. Clinical Schools and Pre-Service Education: Protecting Freedom and Innovation in the School VIII. Summary Statement by Paul A. Olso

Abundance and Seasonal Occurrence of Psorophora columbiae in a Northeast Arkansas Ricefield Community

Increased population levels of the dark ricefield mosquito, Psorophora columbiae (Dyar and Knab), have been shown to be associated with rice cultivation in Arkansas and several other states. Four standard New Jersey light traps were operated daily between May 30 and October 2 of 1981 and 1982 to determine the relative abundance and seasonal occurrence of this species in NE Arkansas. The effect of trap distance from nearby rice on the number of adult P. columbiae collected was assessed by comparing weekly totals from 2 traps located within 0.9 km of rice fields with totals from 2 traps situated beyond 1.2 km. A total of 68,155 mosquitoes representing five genera was trapped during this study. Of this number, 45,760 (67.1% of all mosquitos captured) were P. columbiae. Female adults comprised 98.8% of the trapped ricefield mosquitoes. The peak period of abundance for this species was found to occur between mid-July and late August and was closely associated with area rice-culture practices. The capture of more than 95.0% of all P. columbiae adults within 0.9 km of rice fields confirmed the reported short flight range of this species

A new design concept for indraft wind-tunnel inlets with application to the national full-scale aerodynamic complex

The present inlet design concept for an indraft wind tunnel, which is especially suited to applications for which a specific test section flow quality is required with minimum inlet size, employs a cascade or vaneset to control flow at the inlet plane, so that test section total pressure variation is minimized. Potential flow panel methods, together with empirical pressure loss predictions, are used to predict inlet cascade performance. This concept has been used to develop an alternative inlet design for the 80 x 120-ft wind tunnel at NASA Ames Research Center. Experimental results show that a short length/diameter ratio wind tunnel inlet furnishing atmospheric wind isolation and uniform test section flow can be designed