Survival rate of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of larynx undergoing nonsurgical treatments and radiotherapy, from 2003 to 2015

Background: The incidence rate of head and neck cancer in the world is about 560,000 new cases a year. Larynx cancer is the most common malignancy in head and neck in Iran. The most common head and neck carcinoma is the malignancy of squamous epithelial cells. This study was conducted to determine the survival rate of patients undergoing nonsurgical treatment methods for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in Kerman, Iran. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with squamous cell carcinoma of larynx following nonsurgical treatment, who were referred to a radiation therapy center in Kerman, Iran, from 2003 to 2015.The likelihood of survival of patients based on the age, sex, stage of disease, non-surgical treatment, laryngeal preservation, as well as survival without progression and recurrence of the disease was determined. Results: Mean age of the studied patients was 56.56 years. The patients had a mean survival rate of 52.92 months, mean disease free survival rate of 47.60 months and mean progression free survival rate of 11.29 months. The survival rate was higher in patients undergoing RT, followed by those undergoing CCRT and CT-RT (P<0.001). The patients had a one-year disease free survival rate of 69, a three-year disease-free survival rate of 57 and a five-year disease-free survival rate of 44 and had a one-year progression free survival rate of 13 as well as a three- and a five-year progression free survival rate of 18. Conclusion: Overall survival rate was significantly different based on the type of non-surgical treatment, gender and the stage of cancer. © 2020, Kerman University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved

Opium use and head and neck cancers: A matched case-control study in Iran

Background: Head and Neck (H and N) cancers include malignant tumors of the nasal cavity, pharynx, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, larynx and salivary glands. Opium use might be related to these cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between Opium and its Derivatives (O and D) use and the incidence of H and N cancers. Methods: In this case-control study conducted in Kerman, 140 patients with HandN cancers and 280 healthy controls (matched for age, gender, and place of residence) were included. Information about their use of OandD, cigarette smoking, alcohol and diet were collected using a structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression was used to investigate the relation between variables. Results: The use of opioids was associated with an increased risk of HandN cancers (Adjusted OR: 8.13; CI: 4.08-16.2). A significant dose-response relation between OandD use was observed, with high use Adjusted OR=8.91; 95 CI: 4.03-19.65 and low use Adjusted OR=6.52; 95 CI: 3.18-13.36. This dose-response association was stronger in patients with laryngeal cancer and opioids use, with high use Adjusted OR = 11.17; 95 CI=4.48-28.09 and low use Adjusted OR = 9.46; 95 CI= 3.97-22.52. Conclusion: The results show that opium use can be considered as an important risk factor for H and N cancers. Also in Iran, opium seems to play a more important role than cigarette smoking. © 2020, Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention

Is opium use associated with an increased risk of lung cancer? A case-control study

Background: In recent years, lung cancer (LC) incidence has increased in Iran. The use of opium and its derivatives (O&D) has increased as well. This study aimed to investigate the association between the use of O&D and LC incidence. Methods: In this case-control study conducted in Kerman, Iran; 140 patients with lung cancer and 280 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and place of residence were included. Data, including O&D use, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and diet, were collected using a structured questionnaire. The relation between the use of O&D and LC was evaluated using conditional logistic regression adjusted for tobacco smoking, education, daily intake of fruit, vegetables, red meat, and hydrogenated fats. Results: Opium ever-use was associated with an increased risk of LC (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =5.95, 95 CI: 1.87-18.92). Participants were divided into low and high use groups based on the median of opium use in the control group. A significant dose-response relation was observed between the amount of daily O&D use and LC; and the relation was stronger in high users (AOR low users = 3.81 CI: 1.13-12.77 and OR high users = 9.36, 95 CI: 2.05-42.72). Also, LC was higher among participants starting the use of O&D at younger ages (� 41 years old vs never users AOR = 8.64, 95 CI: 1.90-39.18) compared to those who started at an older age (> 41 years old vs never users, AOR = 4.71, 95 CI: 1.38-16.08). The association between opium, and lung cancer among non-smokers was OR: 6.50 (95 CI: 2.89 to 14.64). Conclusion: The results of this study show that opium use is probably a dose related risk factor for lung cancer © 2020 The Author(s)

Opium use and risk of lung cancer: A multicenter case-control study in Iran

Opium use was recently classified as a human carcinogen for lung cancer by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We conducted a large, multicenter case-control study evaluating the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. We recruited 627 cases and 3477 controls from May 2017 to July 2020. We used unconditional logistic regression analyses to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95 confidence intervals (CI) and measured the association between opium use and the risk of lung cancer. The ORs were adjusted for the residential place, age, gender, socioeconomic status, cigarettes, and water pipe smoking. We found a 3.6-fold risk of lung cancer for regular opium users compared to never users (95 CI: 2.9, 4.6). There was a strong dose-response association between a cumulative count of opium use and lung cancer risk. The OR for regular opium use was higher for small cell carcinoma than in other histology (8.3, 95 CI: 4.8, 14.4). The OR of developing lung cancer among opium users was higher in females (7.4, 95 CI: 3.8, 14.5) than in males (3.3, 95 CI: 2.6, 4.2). The OR for users of both opium and tobacco was 13.4 (95 CI: 10.2, 17.7) compared to nonusers of anything. The risk of developing lung cancer is higher in regular opium users, and these results strengthen the conclusions on the carcinogenicity of opium. The association is stronger for small cell carcinoma cases than in other histology. © 2022 UICC