L’apport du retour d’expérience au processus de gestion intégrée des zones côtières

Située sur le littoral centre algérien, la zone côtière humide de Réghaia est confrontée à des enjeux à la fois écologiques et socio-économiques. La croissance de la métropole algéroise et le développement effréné de l’urbanisation menacent cet écosystème et sa remarquable biodiversité, pourtant reconnue au niveau international par la convention de RAMSAR. Un plan côtier, basé sur une approche par Gestion Intégrée des Zones côtières et centré sur la protection de la zone humide, a été mis en place. Il a permis l’engagement d’un processus intégratif, qui s’avère être une expérience intéressante, mettant en évidence les difficultés d’initiation d’une gestion intégrée, pourtant incontournable, pour une gestion durable de ce patrimoine naturel. Les premiers résultats sont présentés et exploités et une méthodologie d’évaluation est proposée.Located in the center of Algeria’s littoral, the coastal wetland of Réghaia faced strong ecological and socio-economic challenges for decades. Algiers metropolis urban growth and additional pressures from the regional industrial development and the domestic tourism threaten this fragile aquatic ecosystem and its great biodiversity value, though recognized in international treatises for the conservation and sustainable use of wetlands, such as the RAMSAR convention. A coastal management planning based on an ICZM approach and focused on the protection and conservation of the wetland was initiated. It allowed the development of an integrative and inclusive process, which turned out to be an interesting and valuable experience, but highlighting some problems in starting an integrated management program, however necessary for the conservation of this natural and cultural heritage. The first outcomes are presented and exploited, a performance assessment methodology is proposed

La zone côtière humide de Réghaia dans le littoral Est Algérois (Algérie) : Contribution méthodologique à son plan de gestion

The lake and the marshes of Reghaia, located on the East coastal zone of Algiers are characterized by their terrestrial and marine natural inheritance, but undergoing the consequences of an anthropic pressure which is likely to generate irreversible harmful effects This wetland is the object of an attention of the authorities which plan to classify it as a natural reserve. A plan of management, reporting measures to be taken and actions to be engaged was undertaken. To contribute to its development, after a synthesis presenting the wetland and its problems, an approach of the coastal site of Reghaia is proposed. It is based on the analysis of systemic and prospective durability (ASPD

Contribution méthodologique pour la connaissance du rôle des acteurs locaux dans la réalisation d’un projet de territoire : le cas du projet de la réserve naturelle de Réghaia dans la zone côtière Est de l’Algérois

In the field of territorially management, we can see the insufficiency of analysis tools on the strategies of actors. This is even more crucial in case of the developing world, where the management and territorially administration are often dysfunctional. Better knowledge of the roles of stakeholders in the implementation of a territorial project, provides insights of the context of its implementation and guidance likely to favor its success. The logical behavior help to identify issues and key questions, to achieve the objectives and ensure the completion of actions agreed. This article reports the results of a field experiment conducted in a coastal wetland in the region of Algiers. It offers a contribution, on the methodology for collecting information on the behavior and capabilities of stakeholders in the implementation of a local project, oriented to the development and protection of an important natural heritag

La zone côtière humide de Réghaia dans le littoral Est Algérois (Algérie) : Contribution méthodologique à son plan de gestion

The lake and the marshes of Reghaia, located on the East coastal zone of Algiers are characterized by their terrestrial and marine natural inheritance, but undergoing the consequences of an anthropic pressure which is likely to generate irreversible harmful effects This wetland is the object of an attention of the authorities which plan to classify it as a natural reserve. A plan of management, reporting measures to be taken and actions to be engaged was undertaken. To contribute to its development, after a synthesis presenting the wetland and its problems, an approach of the coastal site of Reghaia is proposed. It is based on the analysis of systemic and prospective durability (ASPD

Contribution méthodologique pour la connaissance du rôle des acteurs locaux dans la réalisation d’un projet de territoire : le cas du projet de la réserve naturelle de Réghaia dans la zone côtière Est de l’Algérois

In the field of territorially management, we can see the insufficiency of analysis tools on the strategies of actors. This is even more crucial in case of the developing world, where the management and territorially administration are often dysfunctional. Better knowledge of the roles of stakeholders in the implementation of a territorial project, provides insights of the context of its implementation and guidance likely to favor its success. The logical behavior help to identify issues and key questions, to achieve the objectives and ensure the completion of actions agreed. This article reports the results of a field experiment conducted in a coastal wetland in the region of Algiers. It offers a contribution, on the methodology for collecting information on the behavior and capabilities of stakeholders in the implementation of a local project, oriented to the development and protection of an important natural heritag

IMAGINE : un ensemble de méthodes et d'outils pour contribuer à la gestion intégrée des zones côtières en Méditerranée

Pour répondre aux besoins de gestion durable des zones côtières en Méditerranée, le Plan Bleu a développé avec le Dr Simon Bell (Bayswater Institute, RU) l'approche Imagine qui permet de mobiliser les acteurs pour construire, dans une démarche participative, une vision de développement durable et un projet de territoire, de décrire, évaluer et explorer le niveau de durabilité d'un système local dans le passé, le présent et l'avenir, à l'aide d'indicateurs et d'aider à choisir des objectifs à atteindre et à suivre les progrès du système vers le développement durable.Elle repose sur l'analyse systémique, les indicateurs et la notion de leur seuil de durabilité, la prospective. C'est un processus dynamique et participatif qui s'appuie sur l'expertise des acteurs locaux. Après une description des points ci-dessus, on explique le déroulement de l'approche à partir d'une application de Imagine en Algérie (2003-2004). En conclusion, on résume les difficultés de mise en œuvre ainsi que les apports de la méthode dans un projet de gestion intégrée des zones côtières.In order to meet the needs of the sustainable coastal zone management in the Mediterranean, Blue Plan jointly with Dr Simon Bell (Bayswater Institute, UK) has developed the Imagine approach which allows to build a sustainable development vision and an area project by mobilizing actors within a participatory process, to describe, assess and examine the level of sustainability of a local system in the past, present and future by means of indicators and to set goals to be achieved and to follow progress of the system towards sustainable development.It is based on systemic analysis, indicators and the sustainability threshold concept, prospective. It is a dynamic and participatory process using local actors' expertise. The above items are first described. Then the implementation is explained according to an Imagine exercise in Algeria (2003-2004). The conclusion summarizes difficulties and contributions of the method within an integrated coastal area management project.systemic, prospective, sustainability, indicators, participation, coastal area, Algeria, Mediterranean

Work of soil and risks of agricultural erosion: Case of the itinerary technical cereal on tray of Mostaganem-Northwest Algeria

With a semi-arid Mediterranean climate and viticulture vocation, the tray of Mostaganem (North-West of Algeria) has become a region of great crops. Subject to increase mechanization and inappropriate tillage practices, farm lands are exposed to erosion that seriously weighs the physical and socio-economic contexts. An itinerary technique (cereal) is chosen to study along the slope, surface and deep structural changes of soil, humidity and the fine particles (<2 μm). Thus, consideration of the surface shows a strong soil erodibility partly linked to the action of implements and a rain erosivity accentuated by lack of vegetation in the rainy season.Culural profiles observations show the small depth of tillage affecting mostly superior horizon. Average horizon, wet, rich in fine particles and barely reached by tools impedes any move to lower horizon which is very compact without variability. With this kind of technical itinerary, fine elements losses estimated to (3 t/ha/year) result closely from the characteristics of the physical environment but also the conditions of its exploitation. In case of more important spatial-temporal unit’s extrapolation, the consequences will be even more harmful if improvement actions are not undertaken

Challenges and opportunities in promoting integrated coastal zone management in Algeria: Demonstration from the Algiers coast

International audienceAlgeria as the Mediterranean countries is facing various challenges. Among them, the increasing of the population and their activities in the coastal zone, which impacts heavily the coastal and marine environment.Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) has been seen as an appropriate approach to tackle this situation. Algeria has set up numerous initiatives to strengthen its coastal governance, such as the Coastal Area Management Plan (CAMP) in the Algiers Coastal zone (ACZ) situated in the central part of Algeria. Also, various legal and institutional reinforcement have been done, like the enactment of a coastal law and the creation of agencies dedicated to coastal management. Even if assessment is seen as primordial in this process, yet few evaluations have been done in Algeria and particularly on the ACZ. This research paper aims is to assess the ICZM process in Algeria. A survey has been done with the various stakeholders involved in Coastal management at the different level of governance; national, regional and local in the ACZ. The objective was to assess the institutional capacities to implement the fundaments of ICZM. 7 parameters have been assessed: Data, interesectoriality, participation, legal framework, Capacity building, awareness and financial resources. A score for each parameter was set by the interviewees. Results shows that even some basements framework are now implemented, Algeria has still a long way to fully implement ICZM approach. Mainly regarding data management and the implementation of coastal monitoring systems, enhancing the coordination and participation of stakeholders, particularly the local communities and NGO's. The legal framework even it strengthening, a lot of efforts are still to be done for it real enforcement. The awareness and capacity building are still insufficient. Finally, sustainable funding for ICZM projects must be ensured

Upgrading the Salinity Index Estimation and Mapping Quality of Soil Salinity Using Artificial Neural Networks in the Lower-Cheliff Plain of Algeria in North Africa: Amélioration de l'estimation de l'indice de salinité et de la qualité de la cartographie de la salinité des sols en utilisant les réseaux de neurones artificiels dans la plaine du Bas Cheliff au Nord de l'Algérie

Since decades ago, the Lower Cheliff plain is under the continuous influence of soil salinization induced by mismanagement of the groundwater resources. The main purpose of this study was to estimate and map soil salinity using both Salinity Index (SI) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). In doing so, a total of 796 soil samples of Electrical Conductivity (EC, dS.m–1) measured in laboratory combined to spectral parameters data of Landsat-8 OLI, by applying a Salinity Index (SI) and used also to training the ANN model (80% of total data), the rest of the dataset (20%) was retained for validation with both methods. The results of applying an ANN estimator based on the reflectance values of three bands: green (B3), red (B4) and near-infrared (B5) as learning input neurons, proved their interest in the estimation of EC given a high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.80) between the values of simulated truth and ground, compared to the results obtained using only the SI method giving a moderate precision (R2 = 0.42). Regarding the soil salinity mapping, the two methods generated contrasting results, the SI estimates that 68.5% of the total area is affected by salinity (underestimation) meanwhile the ANN gave an estimation of 78.8%. In a conclusion, the estimation and mapping of soil salinity using the SI method has been upgraded significantly when ANN was involved