Strange Attractors

Catalog for the exhibition Strange Attractors held at the Seton Hall University Walsh Gallery, January 16 - March 8, 2019. Curated by Taney Roniger and Jeanne Brasile

Comparing the Usability of the Web-Based 24-h Dietary Recall R24W and ASA24-Canada-2018 among French-Speaking Adults from Québec

Automated, self-administered, Web-based 24-h dietary recall tools are increasingly available for nutrition research in different settings, particularly in epidemiological studies and national surveys because of their practicality and efficiency. However, the usability of different 24-h dietary recall tools must be assessed and compared for use in specific populations as it is a major driver of the response rate and retention of participants. The primary aim of this study was to compare the usability of two validated, self-administered, web-based 24-h dietary recall tools available for the Canadian population: the R24W and the 2018 Canadian version of the ASA24. The R24W was developed in French for primary use in the province of Québec, Canada while the ASA24 was developed in English for primary use in the USA and recently adapted and translated for use in French-speaking Canadian adults. Whether the R24W and the ASA24-Canada-2018 yield similar nutritional data was also tested. In this randomized crossover study, 48 women and 20 men (mean age of 35 ± 14 years; range: 19–79 years) recruited in the province of Quebec completed the R24W and the ASA24-Canada-2018 in French twice on each occasion. Participants also completed the System Usability Scale (SUS), a reliable and valid scale giving a global view of subjective assessments of usability. Mean SUS score as well as mean dietary intakes of energy, nutrients and food groups generated by each tool were compared using mixed model analyses for repeated measures. On a scale of 0 to 100, the mean SUS scores (±SD) for the R24W and the ASA24-Canada-2018 were 81 ± 2 and 58 ± 2, respectively (p < 0.0001). 84% of participants stated that they would prefer to use the R24W if they were invited to complete additional 24-h dietary recalls. No significant difference was found between the R24W and the ASA24-Canada-2018 for the intake of energy, proteins, lipids, saturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, fibers, sodium and vegetables and fruits. In sum, while the R24W and the ASA24-Canada-2018 generate comparable self-reported dietary intake data, the R24W showed a better usability than the ASA24-Canada-2018 in a sample of French-speaking adults from the province of Quebec

Relative validity of a web-based, self-administered, 24-hour dietary recall to evaluate adherence to Canadian dietary guidelines

Objectives: A new, web-based, 24-h recall (R24 W) was developed and programmed to assess adherence to Canadian dietary guidelines by automatically generating the Canadian Healthy Eating Index 2007 (C-HEI 2007). The aim of the present study was to determine the relative validity of the R24 W in terms of its ability to generate C-HEI 2007 scores that match those derived from a food record (FR). Methods: A total of 57 women and 50 men filled a 3-d FR and three 24-h food recalls with the R24 W. C-HEI 2007 was calculated with both dietary assessment tools and compared using de-attenuated correlations and kappa scores. Internal validity (correlations between total score and components) and external validity (comparison of the C-HEI 2007 by sex and age groups) were compared between the two dietary assessment methods. Results: The average C-HEI 2007 score obtained with the R24 W (59.4 ± 11.8) was significantly lower than the one obtained with the FR (62.6 ± 11.1). However, the de-attenuated correlation coefficient between C-HEI 2007 obtained either with R24 W or FR was 0.80 (P 51 y) received a higher score than younger adults (age: 18-30 y; P < 0.01) with the R24 W but not with the FR (P = 0.22). Conclusions: Although the R24 W yields lower C-HEI 2007 scores compared with data from FR, the classification of individuals was highly consistent between the two measurements

Validity of a new 24-hour dietary recall

Objective : To assess the relative validity of a new, web-based, self-administered 24 h dietary recall, the R24W, for assessment of energy and nutrient intakes among French Canadians. Design : Each participant completed a 3d food record (FR) and the R24W on three occasions over a 4-week period. Intakes of energy and of twenty-four selected nutrients assessed by both methods were compared. Setting : Québec City metropolitan area. Subjects : Fifty-seven women and fifty men (mean (sd) age: 47·2 (13·3) years). Results : Equivalent proportions of under-reporters were found with the R24W (15·0%) and the FR (23·4%). Mean (sd) energy intake from the R24W was 7·2% higher than that from the FR (10 857 (3184) kJ/d (2595 (761) kcal/d) v. 10 075 (2971) kJ/d (2408 (710) kcal/d); P<0·01). Significant differences in mean nutrient intakes between the R24W and the FR ranged from –54·8% (i.e. lower value with R24W) for niacin to +40·0% (i.e. higher value with R24W) for alcohol. Sex- and energy-adjusted deattenuated correlations between the two methods were significant for all nutrients except Zn (range: 0·35–0·72; P<0·01). Cross-classification demonstrated that 40·0% of participants were classified in the same quartile with both methods, while 40·0% were classified in the adjacent quartile and only 3·6% were grossly misclassified (1st v. 4th quartile). Analysis of Bland–Altman plots revealed proportional bias between the two assessment methods for 8/24 nutrients. Conclusions : These data suggest that the R24W presents an acceptable relative validity as compared with the FR for estimating usual dietary intakes in a cohort of French Canadians