Targeted Advertising and Voter Turnout: An Experimental Study of the 2000 Presidential Election

Scholars disagree whether negative advertising demobilizes or stimulates the electorate. We use an experiment with over 10,200 eligible voters to evaluate the two leading hypotheses of negative political advertising. We extend the analysis to examine whether advertising differentially impacts the turnout of voter subpopulations depending on the advertisement痴 message. In the short term, we find no evidence that exposure to negative advertisements decreases turnout and little that suggests it increases turnout. Any effect appears to depend upon the message of the advertisement and the characteristics of the viewer. In the long term, we find little evidence that the information contained in the treatment groups・advertisements is sufficient to systematically alter turnout.

Policy Space and Voting Coalitions in Congress: The Bearing of Policy on Politics, 1930-1954

The question of how the substance of politics helps shape legislative coalitions and bases of support has been displaced from the center of studies of Congress since the publication of pioneering work in the 1960s and early 1970s. Seeking to revive this research program, the authors apply an original coding scheme in tandem with a factor analytic analysis of voting and policy space to the period spanning the last years of the Hoover presidency to the start of Eisenhower's. Investigating legislator parameters—the dimensions of voting space—and roll call parameters—the dimensions of policy space—the paper confirms the strong independent impact of the substance of policy on the political decisions of legislators and reveals an issue-specific concatenation of party and region that altered over the course of the period

Nickel-hydrogen battery design for the Transporter Energy Storage Subsystem (TESS)

Information is given in viewgraph form on nickel hydrogen battery design for the transporter energy storage subsystem (TESS). Information is given on use in the Space Station Freedom, the launch configuration, use in the Mobile Servicing Center, battery design requirements, TESS subassembley design, proof of principle testing of a 6-cell battery, possible downsizing of TESS to support the Mobile Rocket Servicer Base System (MBS) redesign, TESS output capacity, and cell testing

The effects of social norms on motivation crowding: experimental evidence from the Tibetan Plateau

A growing literature examines conditions under which financial incentives for behavior change can undermine "crowd out" or reinforce ("crowd in") other sources of motivation for the behavior in question. Some of this literature points to a potential role of social norms, but it has not attempted to quantify that role. We present an interdisciplinary model from economics and communication science that measures the effects of financial incentives on social norms and their joint effects on behavior, including after incentives have ended. In a framed field experiment with Tibetan herders in Qinghai, China, we find that a temporary payment for participation in a patrol against illegal wildlife trapping reinforces a perceived injunctive norm that this conservation behavior meets with social approval. This norm remains heightened even after the payment has ended, continuing to positively influence the decision to participate in anti-trapping patrols in the experiment. This finding suggests that, under certain circumstances, a carefully framed incentive for conservation behavior can support injunctive norms in favor of conservation behavior.USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project [MICL02244, MICL02173, MICL02362]; National Science Foundation [SMA-1328503]This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

South Korean Military Service Promotes Smoking: A Quasi-Experimental Design

∙ The authors have no financial conflicts of interest. © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2012 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens

Replication data for: An Experimental Study of the 2000 Presidential Election

Replication data and code forthcoming Scholars disagree whether negative advertising demobilizes or stimulates the electorate. We use an experiment with over 10,200 eligible voters to evaluate the two leading hypotheses of negative political advertising. We extend the analysis to examine whether advertising differentially impacts the turnout of voter subpopulations depending on the advertisement’s message. In the short term, we find no evidence that exposure to negative adv ertisements decreases turnout and little that suggests it increases turnout. Any effect appears to depend upon the message of the advertisement and the characteristics of the viewer. In the long term, we find little evidence that the information contained in the treatment groups’ advertisements is sufficient to systematically alter turnou

Replication data for: Measuring Significant Legislation, 1877 to 1948

Replication data and code forthcoming In this study, we provide a measure of legislative output that can be used to characterize outcomes of the lawmaking process across time. We summarize our efforts to identify the 21,741 public statutes passed between 1877 (45th Congress) and 1948 (80th Congress). In so doing we collect both statute-level descriptive information and the assessments of several scholars and chroniclers who identify enactments of note during this time period. Using this massive data collection we can characterize and assess congressional lawmaking activity across a period spanning the Populist, Progressive, and New Deal Eras as well as the two world war

Replication data for: Measuring Legislative Accomplishment, 1877-1994

Replication data and code forthcoming. In the meanwhile, please contact the author for access to the data Understanding the dynamics of lawmaking in the U.S. is at the center of the study of American politics. A fundamental obstacle to progress in this pursuit is the lack of direct measures of policy output, especially for the period prior to 1946. The lack of direct measures of legislative accomplishment makes it difficult to assess the performance of our political sy stem. We provide a new measure of legislative significance and accomplishment. Specifically, we demonstrate how item response theory can be combined with a new dataset that contains every public statute enacted between 1877 and 1994 to estimate "legislative importance" across time. Although the resulting estimates provide a new opportunity for scholars interested in analyzing policymaking in the U.S. since 1877, the methodology we present is not restricted to Congress, the U.S., or lawmaking