Three new species of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Liaodong Mountain, China

Three new species of the genus Pholcus collected from Liaodong Mountain, China, are diagnosed, described and illustrated: Pholcus hamatus sp. n., Ph. jiuwei sp. n. and Ph. wangtian sp. n. With the three new species, the total number of Pholcus recorded in China is 58

Allopachria liselotteae Wewalka 2000

<i>Allopachria liselotteae</i> Wewalka, 2000 <p>(Fig. 9)</p> <p> <i>Allopachria liselotteae</i> Wewalka 2000: 113.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 1 male, CHINA: Guangxi, Wuming County, Leijiang village, 230 m, 2010.11.13, leg. Bian & Tong; 1 male, 3 females, CHINA: Guangxi, Guilin City, Longsheng County, Huaping Natural Reserves, 829 m, 2010.11.27, leg. Bian & Tong.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China: Guangxi.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> This species was described and illustrated by Wewalka (2000). We have identified some recently collected specimens as <i>A. liselotteae</i>, but these specimens show slight differences in the shape of the parameres as compared with the original figure given by Wewalka (2000). According to a discussion with Dr. G. Wewalka we present a corrected figure of the paramere of <i>A. liselotteae</i> in this paper. The distal part of the paramere is transparent and distinctly enlarged, see fig. 9.</p>Published as part of <i>Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2012, Notes on Chinese Allopachria Zimmermann, with descriptions of two new species from Guangxi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 28-34 in Zootaxa 3151</i> on page 34, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/213084">10.5281/zenodo.213084</a&gt

Allopachria ernsti Wewalka 2000

<i>Allopachria ernsti</i> Wewalka, 2000 <p> <i>Allopachria ernsti</i> Wewalka, 2000: 117.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 1 male, 1 female, CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan Natural Forest Park, 2010.11.10, leg. Bian & Tong.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> So far known only from the type locality in northern Vietnam. First records from China (Guangxi).</p> <p> <b>FIGURES 14–21.</b> 14, 16, 18, 20) <i>Allopachria dudgeoni</i> Wewalka; 15, 17, 19, 21) <i>Allopachria elongata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>; 14–17) photos and drawings of right protibia and protarsus (male); 18–19) Photos of penis, in lateral view; 20–21) Photos of parameres, in lateral view. Scale bars: 14–17 = 0.2 mm; 18–21 = 0.1 mm.</p>Published as part of <i>Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2012, Notes on Chinese Allopachria Zimmermann, with descriptions of two new species from Guangxi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 28-34 in Zootaxa 3151</i> on page 32, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/213084">10.5281/zenodo.213084</a&gt

Allopachria grandis Bian & Ji, 2010, sp. nov.

<i>Allopachria grandis</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs 2, 6–10)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype (IAECAS) male: CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, 25°57.747’N 114°04.158’E, ca. 559 m, 6. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 13). Paratypes: 3 males, 3 females (IAECAS), the same data as holotype; 2 females (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ji’an City, Suichuan County, Duiqian Town, 26°20.018’N 114°16.662’E, ca. 228 m, 2. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 10); 1 male, 2 females (IAECAS): downstream of loc. 13, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 14).</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> This species is closely related to <i>A. liselotteae</i> Wewalka, <i>A. schoenmanni</i> Wewalka and <i>A. weinbergeri</i> Wewalka, but can be distinguished from <i>A. liselotteae</i> and <i>A. schoenmanni</i> by the anterior 3/4 of head with microreticulation and the sub-apical spot of elytra large and edge-blurred, from <i>A. weinbergeri</i> by the last sternite without microreticulation, and from other related species by the distal part of parameres extremely enlarged.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body oblong-oval, moderately convex (Fig. 2). Total length of body 1.95–2.25 mm, width 1.35–1.50 mm.</p> <p>Head rufo-testaceous to ferrugineous; clypeus regularly rounded, without bead; with a distinct transverse depression behind the clypeal margin; punctures irregular in size and sparsely distributed, a little denser at basal half; anterior 3/4 finely microreticulate; antennae flavo-testaceous, moderately long and slender, not modified (Fig. 10).</p> <p>Pronotum ferrugineous, somewhat darker along the posterior margin; lateral margins a little paler, distinctly bordered; punctures strong, irregular in size and irregular in distribution, partly coarse, large-sized punctures mainly scattered on posterior third, becoming confluent, coarse and forming striation towards sides; anterolateral corner sharply angled, posterolateral corner a little pronounced towards apex; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Elytra ferrugineous, with two flavo-testaceous spots, one sub-basal and one sub-apical; punctures fine, sparsely distributed; highly polished and shining; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Ventral side. Epipleura and the rest of ventral side dark rufo-testaceous to ferrugineous; fine punctures sparsely distributed on metaventrite, metacoxae and on abdomen; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Legs flavo-testaceous to rufo-testaceous. First protarsal and mesotarsal segments of males slightly enlarged (Fig. 9).</p> <p>Aedeagus. Penis as in Figs 6–7, parameres as in Fig. 8.</p> <p>Females. Body length 2.10–2.15 mm, width 1.40–1.45 mm; head and pronotum totally microreticulate; first protarsal and mesotarsal segments not enlarged.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China: Jiangxi.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> For a description of localities 13 and 10 see the habitat of <i>Allopachria wuzhifengensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>; the surrounding area of locality 14 is similar to locality 13.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name comes from the Latin word “grand” = “thick” and refers to the broad distal part of parameres.</p>Published as part of <i>Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Allopachria Zimmermann, 1924 from Jiangxi, China, with descriptions of two new species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 2350</i> on page 61, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/193429">10.5281/zenodo.193429</a&gt

Cuspidevia brevis Bian & Ji, 2010, sp. nov.

Cuspidevia brevis sp. nov. (Fig. 1 –3, 7–8, 11– 13) Type material. Holotype (IAECAS), male, CHINA: Jiangxi, Ji’an City, Suichuan County, Caolin Town, 26 ° 15.851 ’N 114 ° 21.969 ’E, 208 m, 3. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 11). Paratypes (IAECAS): CHINA: 1 male, Jiangxi, Yichun City, Yifeng County, Guanshan Natural Reserve, 28 ° 33.022 ’N 114 ° 33.689 ’E, 376 m, 27. IX. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 5); 4 males, 4 females, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, 25 ° 57.420 ’N 114 °04.646’E, ca. 554 m, 5. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 12); 7 females, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, downstream of loc. 13, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 14); 1 female, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, ca. 1 km Northeast of Wuzhifeng Town, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 15); 1 male Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, 24 ° 37.207 ’N 114 ° 32.114 ’E, 562 m, 9. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 16); 1 male, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, downstream of loc. 16, 10. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 17). Diagnosis. This species is similar to Cuspidevia velaris from which it differs as follows: 1. elytra with five striae well visible; 2. first ventrite with a pair of carinae; 3. aedeagus with the ventral sac lacking apical teeth. Description. Body (Fig. 1) length 2.3–2.5 mm (pronotum and elytra), width 1.0– 1.1 mm. Colour black; antennae, mouth parts, and anterior margin of labrum and pronotum yellowish brown; legs ferrugineoustestaceous; ventral surface testaceous to dark brown. Head mostly retractable, labrum and frons densely covered with white pubescence. Pronotum sparsely punctuate, punctures small; posterior angles acuminate, but not produced; anterior angles distinctly produced anteriad forming long acuminate spines; sub-lateral grooves indistinct, and in some specimens only with a basal trace; median groove shallower than Cuspidevia jaechi sp. nov.; with a pair of small granules in front of angles of scutellum. Scutellum triangular, without punctures. Elytra elongate, widest near basal third; five elytral striae well visible, first one from elytral 0.2 to 0.8, gradually shorter from the first one to the fifth; intervals 1–6 flat and glabrous; seventh interval with a distinct granulated carina; elytral apices densely granulate, indistinctly produced, separately acuminate (elytral apices with medioapical teeth in some specimens). Ventral view (Fig. 2). Middle of mesoventrite with a “V” shaped groove; metaventrite with two rows of punctures, one along hind margin of mesocoxae and the other one along anterior margin of metacoxae. Legs with distal third of hind femora with golden setae on inner surface; tibiae with cleaning fringes; claw without basal teeth. First ventrite with a pair of ad-median carinae (Fig. 2); the last ventrite long, but not distinctly produced laterally. Aedeagus (figs. 7 –8, 11– 13), long and slender; penis about twice as long as phallobasis, and apical part of the penis strongly narrowed; ejaculatory duct with distinct sclerotizations; ventral sac without apical teeth; parameres fused to the penis. Females: Outer teeth of elytral apices less produced than males (red arrow in Fig. 3). Distribution. CHINA: Jiangxi Province. Habitat. Small stream, with stones, gravel, sand and decaying leaves. Etymology. From latin word “ brevis ” = short, in reference to the short elytral apices.Published as part of Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Two new species of Cuspidevia Jäch & Boukal, 1995 from China (Coleoptera: Elmidae), pp. 53-58 in Zootaxa 2663 on page 54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27630

Allopachria elongata Bian & Ji, 2012, sp. nov.

<i>Allopachria elongata</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figs. 1, 3–5, 15, 17, 19, 21, 22)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype, male: CHINA: Guangxi, Fangchenggang City, Shangsi County, Shiwandashan National Forest Park, 2010.11.10, leg. Bian & Tong. Paratype: 1 male, the same data as holotype.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Allopachria elongata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can be separated from all species of the genus with similar size by strongly enlarged first pro-tarsal segments and by the male genitalia. <i>Allopachria elongata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> resembles <i>A</i>. <i>dudgeoni</i> Wewalka, 2000 in habitus, but can be distinguished from <i>A</i>. <i>dudgeoni</i> by its larger size (2.55 mm), larger male genitalia, punctures of elytra more or less denser, strongly enlarged first protarsal segments, and insertion of the second protarsal segment at the middle of the first protarsal segment.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body regularly oval, attenuated to apex, moderately convex (fig. 1); with longitudinal furrow on lateral margins of elytra. Body length 2.55 mm, width 1.70 mm.</p> <p>Head testaceous, with black line along eyes; clypeal margin more or less truncate, without bead; punctures fine, irregularly distributed, slightly denser in distal half; anterior half finely microreticulate. Antennae flavo-testaceous, moderately long and slender.</p> <p>Pronotum dark ferrugineous to black, paler at anterior and lateral margins; lateral margins distinctly bordered; punctures strong, irregular in size, partly coarse; with some wrinkles at basal third; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Elytra dark ferrugineous to black, with two testaceous spots, one subbasal and one subapical; punctures fine, almost regular in size and distribution; longitudinal rows of punctures distinct; highly polished and shining; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Ventral side. Margins of metacoxae and abdomen dark ferrugineous to black and rest of ventral side rufo-testaceous; some strong punctures and wrinkles on anterior metaventrite and metacoxal process; small punctures sparsely distribute on metacoxae and on abdomen; without microreticulation.</p> <p>Legs rufo-testaceous. Male: protarsomere I extremely enlarged, about two times as long as protarsomere II (figs. 15, 17).</p> <p>Male. Penis (figs. 3–4, 19); parameres (figs. 5, 21).</p> <p>Female. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China: Guangxi.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The specific epithet refers to the extremely elongated protarsomere I in male specimens. <b>Habitat.</b> River ca. 10 m wide, with some pools, substrate of rocks, gravel and sand (fig. 22).</p>Published as part of <i>Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2012, Notes on Chinese Allopachria Zimmermann, with descriptions of two new species from Guangxi (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 28-34 in Zootaxa 3151</i> on pages 29-31, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/213084">10.5281/zenodo.213084</a&gt

Cuspidevia Jach & Boukal

Key to the genus Cuspidevia Jäch & Boukal 1. Five elytral striae well visible; the first ventrite with a pair of ad-median carinae; ventral sac without teeth............... .............................................................................................................................................. Cuspidevia brevis sp. nov. - Elytral striae well visible less than five; the first ventrite without carinae; ventral sac with a pair of apical teeth...... 2 2. Three elytral striae well visible; apical teeth of ventral sac more developed ...................... Cuspidevia jaechi sp. nov. - Two elytral striae well visible; apical teeth of ventral sac smaller ................................................... Cuspidevia velarisPublished as part of Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Two new species of Cuspidevia Jäch & Boukal, 1995 from China (Coleoptera: Elmidae), pp. 53-58 in Zootaxa 2663 on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27630

Cuspidevia jaechi Bian & Ji, 2010, sp. nov.

Cuspidevia jaechi sp. nov. (Fig. 4 –6, 9–10, 14– 15) Type material. Holotype (IAECAS), male, CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, downstream of loc. 16, 10. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 17). Paratypes (IAECAS): CHINA: 7 males, 13 females, the same data as holotype; 6 males, 15 females, Jiangxi, Yichun City, Jing’an County, Baofeng Town, 29 °00.307’N 115 ° 26.756 ’E, 132 m, 25. IX. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 4); 2 males, 2 females, Jiangxi, Yichun City, Yifeng County, Guanshan Natural Reserve, 28 ° 33.022 ’N 114 ° 33.689 ’E, 376 m, 27. IX. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 5); 1 male, 3 females, Jiangxi, Jinggangshan City, Ciping County, Dengjia Village, 26 ° 39.406 ’N 114 ° 14.597 ’E, 376 m, 29. IX. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 6); 7 males, 5 females, Jiangxi, Ji’an City, Suichuan County, Caolin Town, 26 ° 15.851 ’N 114 ° 21.969 ’E, 208 m, 3. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 11); 2 males, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, 25 ° 57.420 ’N 114 °04.646’E, ca. 554 m, 5. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 12); 3 males, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, downstream of loc. 13, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 14); 1 male, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, ca. 1 km Northeast of Wuzhifeng Town, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 15); 4 males, 3 females, Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, 24 ° 37.207 ’N 114 ° 32.114 ’E, 562 m, 9. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 16). Diagnosis. This species is similar to Cuspidevia velaris and Cuspidevia brevis sp. nov. From the first it can by distinguished by 1) with three elytral striae well visible; 2) aedeagus having the ventral sac with more developed apical teeth. From the latter it can be recognized by 1) the first ventrite without carinae; 2) elytra with three striae well visible, not five; 3) elytral apices more distinctly produced; 4) aedeagus having the ventral sac with a pair of sharp apical teeth. Description. Body (Fig. 5) elongate, moderately convex; length 2.2–2.3 mm (pronotum and elytra), width 1.0– 1.05 mm. Colour dark brown to black; labrum, antennae and anterior margin of pronotum yellowishbrown. Head mostly retractable and hard to see from the dorsal view. Clypeus, frons and labrum covered with white adpressed pubescence. Pronotum a little wider than long, widest at basal third; lateral margin narrowly ridged; posterior angles acuminate, but not produced; anterior angles distinctly produced anteriad forming long acuminate spines; sublateral grooves on basal half (obsolete in some specimens); with a pair of granules in front of anterior angles of scutellum; disc with a short, shallow, median groove. Scutellum elongate triangular, without punctures. Elytra elongate, widest near middle; elytral apices densely granulate, distinctly produced, separately acuminate and curved laterally; first elytral stria (from hind margin of scutellum to middle) consisting of 11–13 punctures, separated by two or three diameters; second stria (from elytral 0.2 to 0.4) consisting of 7–8 punctures; third stria with 4–5 smaller punctures distinctly shorter than the second stria; intervals 1–6 flat and glabrous; seventh interval with a distinct granulated carina. Ventral view (Fig. 6). Prosternum distinctly produced anteriorly; lateral margin of prosternal process distinctly rimmed; middle of mesoventrite with a “V” shaped groove; metaventrite with a row of punctures along margin of mesocoxae, and median longitudinal suture shallowly impressed. Hind femora with some small golden setae at apical part; tibiae with cleaning fringes; claw without basal teeth. Abdomen with five ventrites; lateral sides with plastron; first ventrite without carinae; last ventrite long, and distinctly produced posterio-laterally. Aedeagus (figs. 9–10; 14–15), long and slender; penis about twice as long as phallobasis; ejaculatory duct distinctly sclerotized; ventral sac well-developed, with a pair of admedian, sclerotized teeth; parameres inconspicuous and fused to penis, and their apices with some setae. Females. Elytral apices less produced than males (Fig. 4). Distribution. China: Jiangxi. Habitat. Small stream, with stones, gravel, sand and decaying leaves. Etymology. This species is named for Dr. M. Jäch, a famous Coleopterologist.Published as part of Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Two new species of Cuspidevia Jäch & Boukal, 1995 from China (Coleoptera: Elmidae), pp. 53-58 in Zootaxa 2663 on pages 56-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27630

Allopachria dieterlei Wewalka 2000

<i>Allopachria dieterlei</i> Wewalka, 2000 <p> <i>Allopachria dieterlei</i> Wewalka, 2000: 117.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> 1 male (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ji’an City, Suichuan County, Meihe Town, 1. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 8); 1 male, 2 females (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, Wuzhifeng Town, 25°57.420’N 114°04.646’E, ca. 554 m, 5. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 12); 1 male (IAECAS): downstream of loc. 13, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 14); 1 male, 3 females (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Shangyou County, ca. 1 km Northeast of Wuzhifeng Town, 7. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 15); 1 male, 1 female (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, 24°37.207’N 114°32.114’E, 562 m, 9. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 16); 1 male, 3 females (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, downstream of loc. 16, 10. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 17).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> China: Hunan, Guangxi, Jiangxi.</p> <p> <b>Habitat.</b> This species has been collected in a small shallow stream, partly dry, with gravel and some roots of plants (loc. 8); a stream 1 m wide, with big stones, sand, flowing along rice field (loc. 15); surrounding of loc. 16 is similar to loc. 17; for loc. 12 and loc. 17 see the habitat of <i>Allopachria wuzhifengensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>A. dudgeoni</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Allopachria Zimmermann, 1924 from Jiangxi, China, with descriptions of two new species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 2350</i> on page 64, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/193429">10.5281/zenodo.193429</a&gt

Allopachria dudgeoni Wewalka 2000

Allopachria dudgeoni Wewalka, 2000 Allopachria dudgeoni Wewalka, 2000: 117. Material examined. 1 male, 3 females (IAECAS): CHINA: Jiangxi, Ganzhou City, Longnan County, Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, downstream of loc. 16, 10. X. 2009, leg. Bian & Tong (loc. 17); 1 male (NMW): CHINA: Jiangxi, 30 km ESE Xiushui, Maozhu Shan, 114 ° 51 ’ 20 ”E 28 ° 50 ’ 33 ”N, ca. 400 m, 22.3. 2003, leg. Schönmann, Komarek & Wang (CWBS 505). Distribution. China: Hong Kong, Guangxi, Jiangxi (new record). Habitat. This species has been collected in a small stream, 1.5 wide, shaded, with sand, gravel, big stones, decaying plant materials, surrounding vegetation composed of shrubs, grass and secondary forest (locality 17).Published as part of Bian, Dongju & Ji, Lanzhu, 2010, Allopachria Zimmermann, 1924 from Jiangxi, China, with descriptions of two new species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), pp. 59-65 in Zootaxa 2350 on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19342