21,887 research outputs found
Quantum critical behaviour of the plateau-insulator transition in the quantum Hall regime
High-field magnetotransport experiments provide an excellent tool to
investigate the plateau-insulator phase transition in the integral quantum Hall
effect. Here we review recent low-temperature high-field magnetotransport
studies carried out on several InGaAs/InP heterostructures and an InGaAs/GaAs
quantum well. We find that the longitudinal resistivity near the
critical filling factor ~ 0.5 follows the universal scaling law
, where . The critical exponent equals ,
which indicates that the plateau-insulator transition falls in a non-Fermi
liquid universality class.Comment: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Yamada
Conference LX on Research in High Magnetic Fields (August 16-19, 2006,
Sendai
Single-particle and Interaction Effects on the Cohesion and Transport and Magnetic Properties of Metal Nanowires at Finite Voltages
The single-particle and interaction effects on the cohesion, electronic
transport, and some magnetic properties of metallic nanocylinders have been
studied at finite voltages by using a generalized mean-field electron model.
The electron-electron interactions are treated in the self-consistent Hartree
approximation. Our results show the single-particle effect is dominant in the
cohesive force, while the nonzero magnetoconductance and magnetotension
coefficients are attributed to the interaction effect. Both single-particle and
interaction effects are important to the differential conductance and magnetic
susceptibility.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Alternative approach to computing transport coefficients: application to conductivity and Hall coefficient of hydrogenated amorphous silicon
We introduce a theoretical framework for computing transport coefficients for
complex materials. As a first example, we resolve long-standing inconsistencies
between experiment and theory pertaining to the conductivity and Hall mobility
for amorphous silicon and show that the Hall sign anomaly is a consequence of
localized states. Next, we compute the AC conductivity of amorphous
polyanaline. The formalism is applicable to complex materials involving defects
and band-tail states originating from static topological disorder and extended
states. The method may be readily integrated with current \textit{ab initio}
methods.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Momentum average approximation for models with boson-modulated hopping: Role of closed loops in the dynamical generation of a finite quasiparticle mass
We generalize the momentum average approximation to study the properties of
single polarons in models with boson affected hopping, where the fermion-boson
scattering depends explicitly on both the fermion's and the boson's momentum.
As a specific example, we investigate the Edwards fermion-boson model in both
one and two dimensions. In one dimension, this allows us to compare our results
with exact diagonalization results, to validate the accuracy of our
approximation. The generalization to two-dimensional lattices allows us to
calculate the polaron's quasiparticle weight and dispersion throughout the
Brillouin zone and to demonstrate the importance of Trugman loops in generating
a finite effective mass even when the free fermion has an infinite mass.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figure
Determining ethylene group disorder levels in -(BEDT-TTF)Cu[N(CN)]Br
We present a detailed structural investigation of the organic superconductor
-(BEDT-TTF)Cu[N(CN)]Br at temperatures from 9 to 300 K.
Anomalies in the dependence of the lattice parameters are associated with a
glass-like transition previously reported at = 77 K. From structure
refinements at 9, 100 and 300 K, the orthorhombic crystalline symmetry, space
group {\it Pnma}, is established at all temperatures. Further, we extract the
dependence of the occupation factor of the eclipsed conformation of the
terminal ethylene groups of the BEDT-TTF molecule. At 300 K, we find 67(2) %,
with an increase to 97(3) % at 9 K. We conclude that the glass-like transition
is not primarily caused by configurational freezing-out of the ethylene groups
On the transcendence degree of the differential field generated by Siegel modular forms
It is a classical fact that the elliptic modular functions satisfies an
algebraic differential equation of order 3, and none of lower order. We show
how this generalizes to Siegel modular functions of arbitrary degree. The key
idea is that the partial differential equations they satisfy are governed by
Gauss--Manin connections, whose monodromy groups are well-known. Modular theta
functions provide a concrete interpretation of our result, and we study their
differential properties in detail in the case of degree 2.Comment: 21 pages, AmSTeX, uses picture.sty for 1 LaTeX picture; submitted for
publicatio
The anomaly-free quantization of two-dimensional relativistic string. I
An anomaly-free quantum theory of a relativistic string is constructed in
two-dimensional space-time. The states of the string are found to be similar to
the states of a massless chiral quantum particle. This result is obtained by
generalizing the concept of an ``operator'' in quantum field theory.Comment: LaTeX, 19 pages, no figure
Characteristic Potentials for Mesoscopic Rings Threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm Flux
Electro-static potentials for samples with the topology of a ring and
penetrated by an Aharonov-Bohm flux are discussed. The sensitivity of the
electron-density distribution to small variations in the flux generates an
effective electro-static potential which is itself a periodic function of flux.
We investigate a simple model in which the flux sensitive potential leads to a
persistent current which is enhanced compared to that of a loop of
non-interacting electrons. For sample geometries with contacts the sensitivity
of the electro-static potential to flux leads to a flux-induced capacitance.
This capacitance gives the variation in charge due to an increment in flux. The
flux-induced capacitance is contrasted with the electro-chemical capacitance
which gives the variation in charge due to an increment in an electro-chemical
potential. The discussion is formulated in terms of characteristic functions
which give the variation of the electro-static potential in the interior of the
conductor due to an increment in the external control parameters (flux,
electro-chemical potentials). Paper submitted to the 16th Nordic Semiconductor
Meeting, Laugarvatan, Iceland, June 12-15, 1994. The proceedings will be
published in Physica Scripta.Comment: 23 pages + 4 figures, revtex, IBM-RC1955
- …