Diagnostic Efficacy of Morphological Characters of Larval \u3ci\u3eTramea Lacerata\u3c/i\u3e Hagen and \u3ci\u3eTramea Onusta\u3c/i\u3e Hagen (Odonata: Libellulidae) in the Prairie Region of Missouri

Distinguishing among species of larvae of the dragonfly genus Tramea historically has been problematic, largely due to conflicting characterizations of the larvae of T. lacerata Hagen and T. onusta Hagen (Odonata: Libellulidae) in the literature. The various systematic treatments usually focused on relative lengths of morphological characters to distinguish the species, but often contradicted one another and themselves as to what the diagnostic values actually were. We traced much of the confusion back to errors in the original larval description of T. onusta. We used morphometric analyses to determine the efficacy of previously published characterizations to distinguish between the larvae of T. lacerata and T. onusta. Previous characterizations, especially those involving relative lengths of the caudal appendages, were generally found to be inadequate for distinguishing larvae of the two species. The most reliable characteristic for distinguishing the two species was found to be the length of the epiproct relative to the length of the paraprocts

Les Trois Visionnaires: The Narrative of Balzac, Flaubert, and Zola

The focus of this study concerns the critical analysis and interpretation of three nineteenth-century French novels: La Cousine Bette by Honoré de Balzac, one of the pair of Les Parents Pauvres novels and last of La Comédie Humaine; Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert, his first complete and successful novel; and, Nana, Émile Zola’s ninth novel in the Rougon-Macquart series. The voice of the authors is of particular interest to this study: how they, as writers, manipulate their creations through effective narrative to convey action to the character, suspense in a scene, and conflicts in plot. It is through the authors’ controlled voice that they are able to represent the tensions surrounding the stories within the turmoil of nineteenth-century France. Furthermore, by comparing and contrasting characteristics of each work, this study illustrates what their contributions were to the evolution of narrative style that has become the mainstay of the modern novel of today. This analysis will encompass the extrinsic influences to include that of the social, religious, biographical, psychological, economic, and philosophic disciplines that helped to shape the man, the implied author, the characters, the settings, and the Zeitgeist of the day. Most importantly, this analysis explores the intrinsic texture of the narrative authority, examining the rhetoric in storytelling to include the point of view, subtle narrative shift, style, imagery, metaphor, allegory, and myth that make up the balanced prose of each writer and his work. Accordingly, this thesis delves into how the extrinsic influences the intrinsic to make the noble art, in particular the genius of the Literary Realists: Honoré de Balzac, Gustave Flaubert, and Émile Zola

The Biomechanics of Force and Power Production in Human Powered Vehicles

There are a large number of factors affecting performance in human powered vehicles (HPV). Designers of HPV\u27s often focus on how resistive forces (friction, drag) can be minimized, as opposed to how propulsive forces can be maximized. How to maximize propulsive forces through vehicle design is not often understood because of a complex interaction between internal biomechanical factors (muscle force/torque/power production) and external mechanical factors (e.g., seat-to-pedal distance, crank arm length, seat-tube angle, backrest angle, chain wheel size). The purpose of this paper is two-fold: (1) to provide information, from a biomechanical and physiological perspective, how muscle force is produced and modified; and (2) to examine how the muscle force produced interacts with external mechanical factors to produce power

Maximizing Performance in Human Powered Vehicles: A Literature Review and Directions for Future Research

If the limits of performance in human powered vehicles (HPV) are to be reached, designers of HPVs need to understand how the body interacts with the vehicle to maximize propulsive forces, and how the vehicle interacts with the environment to minimize resistive forces. This paper will review, compare and summarize the various research literature on both upright and recumbent cycling positions regarding how systematic changes in external mechanical variables (seat-tube-angle, seat-to-pedal distance, crank arm length) interact with internal biomechanical factors (hip, knee, and ankle angles) to affect power production and cycling performance. Conclusions for future research will also be also presented

Software analysis: A Comparative Study

Computers are becoming the language of the future. Software currently used and software of the future was investigated. Fifty questionnaires were sent, to the 'Big 8', selected second tier firms, and various companies. The two most popular spreadsheets, word processing, and flowcharting packages were compared to each other. The findings showed Lotus 123 as the best spreadsheet, Flowcharting TT by Patton and Patton as the best flowcharting package, and Wordstar for Word Processing. Northern's Accountancy program is preparing its students for a successful career from a computer standpoint. The survey confirmed that the desireable skills are being taught.B.A. (Bachelor of Arts

Preparing Humanities Students for Employment: Reimagining Career Exploration and Education through Ignatian Spirituality and Discernment

Graduate students in the humanities are hungry for career exploration as they face limited academic career options and feel called to work beyond the academy. Career preparation is typically left to graduate advisors, and then, the focus tends to be on academic career preparation. This article details how a required, introductory graduate class was reimagined to integrate career exploration using a framework at the heart of Ignatian spirituality and education: discernment. The authors outline the course and two assignments that can be adapted and applied to any graduate course. The authors share reflections on how the class has impacted their own professional and personal formation, and they end with heuristics for educators to use when preparing to teach similar graduate courses

EFFECT OF CHANGES IN CRANK ARM LENGTH AND LOAD ON POWER PRODUCTION IN RECUMBENT CYCLING

The purpose of this study was to determine the trend in peak power (PP), mean power (MP), and minimum power (MINP) with changes in load when cycling in a recumbent position. Fifteen female participants were randomly assigned to one of three crank arm length (CAL) conditions (110, 180, or 250 mm) and tested on a Monark Cycle ergometer with 5 loads varying from 75-165 gm/kg of body mass. The Wingate Anaerobic Cycling test was performed in a recumbent position (75 seat tube angle, backrest perpendicular to the ground). Curve estimation with regression analysis on incrementing loads revealed: (1) a quadratic trend in PP; (2) a quadratic trend in MP and MINP for the 110 and 180 mm CAL; and (3) a linear trend in MP and MINP for the 250 mm CAL. These trends suggest there is an optimal load for different CALs to maximize power production

Rebuilding the Bridge: A New Archaeology of Women Working toward Universal Rights in 19th Century United States

To revise our understanding of the relationship between abolition and women rights, I returned to primary sources that many scholars have overlooked by using HathiTrust, Newspapers.com, Accessible Archives, Archive.org, Library of Congress, and 19th-century biographies and narratives for clues inside letters and documented activities. In doing so, I discovered the main focus of my final chapter, Jane Elizabeth Hitchcock Jones, whose work I present in different phases of her career. In my chapter "Contemporary Criticism with a Focus on Race," I use examples of current-day criticism that rely on previous work done in the field to push forth the argument that all 19th century women activists were racist and document how, as contemporary scholars, we are at risk of weakening the impact of when racism does occur when we use out of context references without going back to the archival source to interpret the archaeological work in question. In consideration of race and gendered internal politics leads to my next chapter titled "The Divisive 14th and 15th Amendments" in which I provide background on political divisions between black rights and woman suffrage rights which came into play during the drafting of the 14th and 15th amendments. As historical context and documentary evidence will spotlight in the chapter titled "The Forces that Derailed Women's Vote," specific interest groups like the Clergy, the Brewers Association, and the Planters worked against the relationship between black rights and woman suffrage, as the latter's voting power together could change the power structure in place. Turning from this complex historical field to a figure we see within it, the final chapter considers the life and work of Jane Elizabeth Hitchcock Jones, a single example of a host of women who worked from an apprenticeship in the abolition movement to woman suffrage and a stance for universal rights

Redescription of the larva of Gomphus militaris Hagen (Odonata: Gomphidae), with distributional and life history notes

Volume: 105Start Page: 304End Page: 31