143 research outputs found

    Tibiakopffrakturen – Behandlungsergebnisse nach operativer Versorgung mit winkelstabilen Platten-Fixateuren

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    EinfĂŒhrung Tibiakopffrakturen sind schwere Verletzungen, die oftmals mit einem nicht zufriedenstellenden funktionellen Ergebnis und erhöhten Raten an posttraumatischer Arthrose assoziiert sind. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine systematische Untersuchung der klinischen, radiologischen und funktionellen Parameter nach winkelstabiler Stabilisierung von AO – Typ B – und Typ C – Tibiakopffrakturen, um so mögliche frakturspezifische Unterschiede sowie prĂ€diktive Faktoren zu identifizieren. Methoden Die Studie wurde an 101 Patienten (46 MĂ€nner, 55 Frauen) durchgefĂŒhrt. Erfasst wurden klinische (ROM) sowie radiologische (Arthrosescore, Korrekturverlust) Verlaufsdaten und Scores zur Erfassung der subjektiven Patientenzufriedenheit und LebensqualitĂ€t (WOMAC, Lysholm, Tegner) sowie der postoperativen Funktion des Kniegelenks (KSS, VAS). Ergebnisse Es gab signifikant mehr Typ B – als Typ C – Verletzungen (62,4 % vs. 37,4 %, p < 0,001) in einem Nachuntersuchungszeitraum von 57,3 30,4 Monaten. Die Frakturschwere sowie der Grad des Weichteilschadens und das Ausmaß des Korrekturverlustes korrelierte signifikant mit dem Arthrosescore (p < 0,001). Insgesamt zeigten Typ B – Verletzungen ein signifikant besseres funktionelles Outcome als Typ C – Verletzungen. Hinsichtlich der subjektiven Patientenzufriedenheit zeigte sich in allen erhobenen Scores eindeutig, dass Typ C – Verletzungen mit einer grĂ¶ĂŸeren EinschrĂ€nkung der LebensqualitĂ€t einhergingen. Diskussion Diese Studie zeigt, dass Typ C – Frakturen in allen funktionellen Parametern zu schlechteren Ergebnissen fĂŒhren als Typ B – Frakturen. DarĂŒber hinaus legen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie nahe, dass die Frakturschwere, der Grad des Weichteilschadens und die exakte anatomischen Reposition entscheidende Faktoren sind, die das funktionelle Outcome nach Tibiakopffraktur bestimmen.Introduction Tibial head fractures are severe injuries, frequently connected to a non satisfying functional outcome and an increased rate of post – traumatic osteoathritis. In this thesis a systematic review of clinical, radiological and functional parameters following stable angle ostheosynthesis of AO – type B – and C – tibial head fractures was performed in order to identify potential fracture – specific differences and predictive factors for the postoperative outcome. Methods 101 participants (55 female, 46 male) were enrolled in the study. We collected clinical (ROM) and radiological (Osteoarthritis and loss of reduction) parameters as well as data on the post – operative performance of the knee (KSS, VAS) and the subjective quality of life (WOMAC, Lysholm, Tegner). Results Type B – fractures were significantly more prevalent in the analyzed cohort than type – C fractures (62,4 % vs. 37,4 %, p < 0,001) with a mean follow – up of 57,3 30,4 months. Fracture severity, the degree of soft – tissue trauma as well as the loss of reduction correlated significantly with osteoarthritis (p < 0,001). Overall, type B – fractures had a significantly better outcome than type C – fractures. Concerning the assessed quality of life, all scores demonstrated that type C – fractures lead to a greater impairment in patient satisfaction and everyday performance. Discussion This study demonstrates that type C – fractures are more often linked to a poor post – operative outcome than type B – fractures regarding all parameters included into the analysis. Moreover, the obtained results are suggesting, that fracture severity, degree of soft – tissue trauma and the exact anatomic restoration are determining factors of the functional outcome after tibial head fractures

    Tibiakopffrakturen – Behandlungsergebnisse nach operativer Versorgung mit winkelstabilen Platten-Fixateuren

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    EinfĂŒhrung Tibiakopffrakturen sind schwere Verletzungen, die oftmals mit einem nicht zufriedenstellenden funktionellen Ergebnis und erhöhten Raten an posttraumatischer Arthrose assoziiert sind. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine systematische Untersuchung der klinischen, radiologischen und funktionellen Parameter nach winkelstabiler Stabilisierung von AO – Typ B – und Typ C – Tibiakopffrakturen, um so mögliche frakturspezifische Unterschiede sowie prĂ€diktive Faktoren zu identifizieren. Methoden Die Studie wurde an 101 Patienten (46 MĂ€nner, 55 Frauen) durchgefĂŒhrt. Erfasst wurden klinische (ROM) sowie radiologische (Arthrosescore, Korrekturverlust) Verlaufsdaten und Scores zur Erfassung der subjektiven Patientenzufriedenheit und LebensqualitĂ€t (WOMAC, Lysholm, Tegner) sowie der postoperativen Funktion des Kniegelenks (KSS, VAS). Ergebnisse Es gab signifikant mehr Typ B – als Typ C – Verletzungen (62,4 % vs. 37,4 %, p < 0,001) in einem Nachuntersuchungszeitraum von 57,3  30,4 Monaten. Die Frakturschwere sowie der Grad des Weichteilschadens und das Ausmaß des Korrekturverlustes korrelierte signifikant mit dem Arthrosescore (p < 0,001). Insgesamt zeigten Typ B – Verletzungen ein signifikant besseres funktionelles Outcome als Typ C – Verletzungen. Hinsichtlich der subjektiven Patientenzufriedenheit zeigte sich in allen erhobenen Scores eindeutig, dass Typ C – Verletzungen mit einer grĂ¶ĂŸeren EinschrĂ€nkung der LebensqualitĂ€t einhergingen. Diskussion Diese Studie zeigt, dass Typ C – Frakturen in allen funktionellen Parametern zu schlechteren Ergebnissen fĂŒhren als Typ B – Frakturen. DarĂŒber hinaus legen die Ergebnisse dieser Studie nahe, dass die Frakturschwere, der Grad des Weichteilschadens und die exakte anatomischen Reposition entscheidende Faktoren sind, die das funktionelle Outcome nach Tibiakopffraktur bestimmen.Introduction Tibial head fractures are severe injuries, frequently connected to a non satisfying functional outcome and an increased rate of post – traumatic osteoathritis. In this thesis a systematic review of clinical, radiological and functional parameters following stable angle ostheosynthesis of AO – type B – and C – tibial head fractures was performed in order to identify potential fracture – specific differences and predictive factors for the postoperative outcome. Methods 101 participants (55 female, 46 male) were enrolled in the study. We collected clinical (ROM) and radiological (Osteoarthritis and loss of reduction) parameters as well as data on the post – operative performance of the knee (KSS, VAS) and the subjective quality of life (WOMAC, Lysholm, Tegner). Results Type B – fractures were significantly more prevalent in the analyzed cohort than type – C fractures (62,4 % vs. 37,4 %, p < 0,001) with a mean follow – up of 57,3  30,4 months. Fracture severity, the degree of soft – tissue trauma as well as the loss of reduction correlated significantly with osteoarthritis (p < 0,001). Overall, type B – fractures had a significantly better outcome than type C – fractures. Concerning the assessed quality of life, all scores demonstrated that type C – fractures lead to a greater impairment in patient satisfaction and everyday performance. Discussion This study demonstrates that type C – fractures are more often linked to a poor post – operative outcome than type B – fractures regarding all parameters included into the analysis. Moreover, the obtained results are suggesting, that fracture severity, degree of soft – tissue trauma and the exact anatomic restoration are determining factors of the functional outcome after tibial head fractures

    Mindestkurs fĂŒr den Schweizer Franken: GefĂ€hrlicher Interventionismus der SNB?

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    Die Schweiz ist in den vergangenen Monaten durch die drastische Aufwertung des Schweizer Franken gegenĂŒber dem Euro unter Druck geraten. Im September 2011 verkĂŒndete deshalb die Schweizerische Nationalbank (SNB) einen Mindestkurs des Franken zum Euro. Mit einer Untergrenze von 1,20 Franken je Euro soll der nach Ansicht der SNB »massiven Überbewertung« der WĂ€hrung entgegengewirkt werden. Oliver Landmann, UniversitĂ€t Freiburg, sieht diese Maßnahme vor dem Hintergrund, dass die Schweiz als kleine offene Volkswirtschaft auch als Nicht-Mitglied der EuropĂ€ischen Union aufs Engste mit ihrem politischen und wirtschaftlichen Umland verbunden ist. Das bedeutet, dass das Land von allen positiven wie negativen Entwicklungen in der EU betroffen sein wird. Deshalb wĂ€re es eine Illusion zu glauben, die Schwierigkeiten, in welche die Eurozone durch ihre aktuelle Krise geraten ist, könnten an der Schweiz vorbeigehen. Die Festlegung eines Mindestkurses von 1,20 Fr. ist zwar kein Wundermittel, aber eine »mit Bedacht ergriffene Maßnahme der Schadensminimierung«. Gunther Schnabl, UniversitĂ€t Leipzig, betont, dass die Schweiz mit dieser Entscheidung geldpolitischen Handlungsspielraum zurĂŒckgewinnt, da sie sich »von dem Fluch spekulativer KapitalzuflĂŒsse« teilweise befreien kann. Allerdings bleibe die Wechselkursbindung im derzeitigen Umfeld der globalen LiquiditĂ€tsschwemme sowie instabiler europĂ€ischer Staatshaushalte und Banken nur eine unbefriedigende Lösung. Denn bei festem Wechselkurs und steigender Inflation werden die immensen Euro-Reserven in der Schweizerischen Zentralbankbilanz langfristig real entwertet. Damit werde die Sozialisierung der Kosten der europĂ€ischen Staatsschulden- und Finanzkrisen auf die Schweiz ausgeweitet. David Iselin und Michael J. Lamla, KOF Konjunkturforschungsstelle der ETH ZĂŒrich, werten die EinfĂŒhrung der Wechselkursuntergrenze als Erfolg und das Risiko dieses Engagements der SNB als gering. Angesichts der erwarteten niedrigen Inflationsraten im nĂ€chstenSchweizer Franken, Wechselkurs, Wechselkurspolitik, Finanzmarktkrise, Eurozone, Interventionismus, Zentralbank, Schweiz

    Swiss QUality of life and healthcare impact Assessment in a Real-world Erenumab treated migraine population (SQUARE study): interim results

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    BACKGROUND The fully human monoclonal antibody erenumab, which targets the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor, was licensed in Switzerland in July 2018 for the prophylactic treatment of migraine. To complement findings from the pivotal program, this observational study was designed to collect and evaluate clinical data on the impact of erenumab on several endpoints, such as quality of life, migraine-related impairment and treatment satisfaction in a real-world setting. METHODS An interim analysis was conducted after all patients completed 6 months of erenumab treatment. Patients kept a headache diary and completed questionnaires at follow up visits. The overall study duration comprises 24 months. RESULTS In total, 172 adults with chronic or episodic migraine from 19 different sites across Switzerland were enrolled to receive erenumab every 4 weeks. At baseline, patients had 16.6 ± 7.2 monthly migraine days (MMD) and 11.6 ± 7.0 acute migraine-specific medication days per month. After 6 months, erenumab treatment reduced Headache Impact Test (HIT-6ℱ) scores by 7.7 ± 8.4 (p < 0.001), the modified Migraine Disability Assessment (mMIDAS) by 14.1 ± 17.8 (p < 0.001), MMD by 7.6 ± 7.0 (p < 0.001) and acute migraine-specific medication days per month by 6.6 ± 5.4 (p < 0.001). Erenumab also reduced the impact of migraine on social and family life, as evidenced by a reduction of Impact of Migraine on Partners and Adolescent Children (IMPAC) scores by 6.1 ± 6.7 (p < 0.001). Patients reported a mean effectiveness of 67.1, convenience of 82.4 and global satisfaction of 72.4 in the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). In total, 99 adverse events (AE) and 12 serious adverse events (SAE) were observed in 62 and 11 patients, respectively. All SAE were regarded as not related to the study medication. CONCLUSIONS Overall quality of life improved and treatment satisfaction was rated high with erenumab treatment in real-world clinical practice. In addition, the reported impact of migraine on spouses and children of patients was reduced. TRIAL REGISTRATION BASEC ID 2018-02,375 in the Register of All Projects in Switzerland (RAPS)

    Swiss QUality of life and healthcare impact Assessment in a Real-world Erenumab treated migraine population (SQUARE study): interim results.

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    BACKGROUND The fully human monoclonal antibody erenumab, which targets the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor, was licensed in Switzerland in July 2018 for the prophylactic treatment of migraine. To complement findings from the pivotal program, this observational study was designed to collect and evaluate clinical data on the impact of erenumab on several endpoints, such as quality of life, migraine-related impairment and treatment satisfaction in a real-world setting. METHODS An interim analysis was conducted after all patients completed 6 months of erenumab treatment. Patients kept a headache diary and completed questionnaires at follow up visits. The overall study duration comprises 24 months. RESULTS In total, 172 adults with chronic or episodic migraine from 19 different sites across Switzerland were enrolled to receive erenumab every 4 weeks. At baseline, patients had 16.6 ± 7.2 monthly migraine days (MMD) and 11.6 ± 7.0 acute migraine-specific medication days per month. After 6 months, erenumab treatment reduced Headache Impact Test (HIT-6ℱ) scores by 7.7 ± 8.4 (p < 0.001), the modified Migraine Disability Assessment (mMIDAS) by 14.1 ± 17.8 (p < 0.001), MMD by 7.6 ± 7.0 (p < 0.001) and acute migraine-specific medication days per month by 6.6 ± 5.4 (p < 0.001). Erenumab also reduced the impact of migraine on social and family life, as evidenced by a reduction of Impact of Migraine on Partners and Adolescent Children (IMPAC) scores by 6.1 ± 6.7 (p < 0.001). Patients reported a mean effectiveness of 67.1, convenience of 82.4 and global satisfaction of 72.4 in the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9). In total, 99 adverse events (AE) and 12 serious adverse events (SAE) were observed in 62 and 11 patients, respectively. All SAE were regarded as not related to the study medication. CONCLUSIONS Overall quality of life improved and treatment satisfaction was rated high with erenumab treatment in real-world clinical practice. In addition, the reported impact of migraine on spouses and children of patients was reduced. TRIAL REGISTRATION BASEC ID 2018-02,375 in the Register of All Projects in Switzerland (RAPS)

    The terrestrial biosphere model farm

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    Model Intercomparison Projects (MIPs) are fundamental to our understanding of how the land surface responds to changes in climate. However, MIPs are challenging to conduct, requiring the organization of multiple, decentralized modeling teams throughout the world running common protocols. We explored centralizing these models on a single supercomputing system. We ran nine offline terrestrial biosphere models through the Terrestrial Biosphere Model Farm: CABLE, CENTURY, HyLand, ISAM, JULES, LPJ-GUESS, ORCHIDEE, SiB-3, and SiB-CASA. All models were wrapped in a software framework driven with common forcing data, spin-up, and run protocols specified by the Multi-scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP) for years 1901–2100. We ran more than a dozen model experiments. We identify three major benefits and three major challenges. The benefits include: (a) processing multiple models through a MIP is relatively straightforward, (b) MIP protocols are run consistently across models, which may reduce some model output variability, and (c) unique multimodel experiments can provide novel output for analysis. The challenges are: (a) technological demand is large, particularly for data and output storage and transfer; (b) model versions lag those from the core model development teams; and (c) there is still a need for intellectual input from the core model development teams for insight into model results. A merger with the open-source, cloud-based Predictive Ecosystem Analyzer (PEcAn) ecoinformatics system may be a path forward to overcoming these challenges

    Wolbachia Prophage DNA Adenine Methyltransferase Genes in Different Drosophila-Wolbachia Associations

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    Wolbachia is an obligatory intracellular bacterium which often manipulates the reproduction of its insect and isopod hosts. In contrast, Wolbachia is an essential symbiont in filarial nematodes. Lately, Wolbachia has been implicated in genomic imprinting of host DNA through cytosine methylation. The importance of DNA methylation in cell fate and biology calls for in depth studing of putative methylation-related genes. We present a molecular and phylogenetic analysis of a putative DNA adenine methyltransferase encoded by a prophage in the Wolbachia genome. Two slightly different copies of the gene, met1 and met2, exhibit a different distribution over various Wolbachia strains. The met2 gene is present in the majority of strains, in wAu, however, it contains a frameshift caused by a 2 bp deletion. Phylogenetic analysis of the met2 DNA sequences suggests a long association of the gene with the Wolbachia host strains. In addition, our analysis provides evidence for previously unnoticed multiple infections, the detection of which is critical for the molecular elucidation of modification and/or rescue mechanism of cytoplasmic incompatibility
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