Aktuální členění v životopisných nápisech a dopisech Střední říše (11. a 12. dynastie)

Disertační práce je rozdělena na dvě části - text a korpus. Korpus obsahuje životopisné texty a dopisy v překladu a transliteraci. Životopisné texty Střední říše jsou zde shromážděny (a některé i přeloženy) poprvé v dějinách egyptologie. Tyto texty přitom patří k nejdůležitějším pramenům pro poznání dějin Střední říše a staroegyptské mentality obecně. Textová část se zabývá, na základě příkladů z korpusu, rolí aktuálního členění v dosud velmi nedostatečně chápaném verbálním systému Střední egyptštiny. Aktuální členění hraje ve slovesném systému Středí egyptštiny velmi důležitou roli a některé slovesné formy mají funkce v informační struktuře zakódovány přímo v morfémech, které je charakterizují - jako například sporné částice jw či reduplikace tzv. formy mrr=f. Disertační práce se zabývá také problémy topikalizace a fokalizace ve srovnání se závěry obecné lingvistiky.The dissertation is divided into two main parts - the text and the corpus. The corpus includes biographical texts and letters in transliteration and translation, and within it, biographical texts of the Middle Kingdom have been assembled (and some even translated) for the very first time. Properly analysed, these texts belong to the most important sources on Middle Kingdom history and ancient Egyptian mentality. The textual part deals, on the basis of examples from the corpus, with the role of Topic-Focus articulation within the still poorly understood verbal system. Topic-focus articulation plays an important role within the verbal system and some morphemes, such as the controversial particle jw or the reduplication of the so-called mrr=f form, encode special topic-focus articulation functions. Topicalisation and focalisation strategies are also considered and compared with the findings of general linguistics.Czech Institute of EgyptologyČeský egyptologický ústavFilozofická fakultaFaculty of Art

Curse of the ancient Egyptians? Protective spell against tomb robbers from the shaft tombs of Abusir

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Topic-focus articulation in biographical inscriptions and letters of the Middle Kingdom (dynasties 11-12)

The dissertation is divided into two main parts - the text and the corpus. The corpus includes biographical texts and letters in transliteration and translation, and within it, biographical texts of the Middle Kingdom have been assembled (and some even translated) for the very first time. Properly analysed, these texts belong to the most important sources on Middle Kingdom history and ancient Egyptian mentality. The textual part deals, on the basis of examples from the corpus, with the role of Topic-Focus articulation within the still poorly understood verbal system. Topic-focus articulation plays an important role within the verbal system and some morphemes, such as the controversial particle jw or the reduplication of the so-called mrr=f form, encode special topic-focus articulation functions. Topicalisation and focalisation strategies are also considered and compared with the findings of general linguistics

Hadí encyklopedie egyptského kouzelníka: z textů v pohřební komoře kněze lufay v Abúsíru // A Snake Encyclopaedia of an Egyptian Magician: glimpses into the texts of the burial chamber of lufaa at Abusir

The burial chamber decoration of the shaft tomb oflufaa atAbusir (dated to the turn ofthe 261hf271h Dynasties) is exceptional with regards to both its extent and the featured topics. All walls of the chamber a s well as the outer and inner sarcophagi are covered by excerpts from the Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, Book of the Dead and other ritual or liturgical texts. Some of the spells and their illustrations ha ve not been identified yet, others are exceptional or rare (e.g. the image ofthe Uroboros, or the god Tutu). The western wall and a part ofthe northem wall ofthe burial chamber contain a number of representations of snakes and snake- like creatures as well as texts pertaining to them. According to the texts, these snakes represent divine or demonic beings of the deepest levels of the underworld, and of the beginning of time. In this paper, we present the western wall of the burial chamber of the tomb of Iufaa with six identified serpentine beings and Tutu and Mehen on the opposite, eastem wall with an interpretation of this unique textual corpus which connects underworld phenomena with the terrestrial cult and emphasizes the aspect of secret knowledge

Setne Chamvaset – nezvedený syn faraona Vesermaatrea? // Setne Khaemwaset: the mischievous son of pharaoh Wesermaatre?

The study presents a new look at the Demotic story of Setne I. According to traditional interpretations, Setne is a scholar searching for the magical scroll containing the wisdom of Thoth, who has to pass through various dangers along his journey and, in the end, is forced to return the book back to the tomb where he found it. The mysterious beauty Tabubu, whom he encounters after carrying the scroll out of the tomb of the scholar Naneferkaptah, is usually portrayed as a force of chaos, as one of the dangerous women described in coeval wisdom literature as creatures any wise man should avoid. However, a careful analysis of the text reveals Setne to be no scholar, his motivation as far from a pure search for knowledge, and his desires being of a carnal rather than spiritual nature. Moreover, a large part of the narrative appears to play out in the spiritual realm, which Setne reaches upon voluntary or involuntary intoxication. Finally, the story also shows that the memory of the real Setne Khamwaset permeated the literary tradition of the time, as the literary Setne, too, is portrayed as an ancient “archaeologist” who roams and restores tombs from long lost times

Nové mýty o starých bozích. Ze stěn pohřební komory kněze Iufay // New myths about ancient gods. Texts from the walls of the burial chamber of priest Iufaa

The study focuses on four hitherto unknown mythological texts that accompany the text of the Royal purification ritual on the northern wall of the burial chamber of the shaft tomb of Iufaa at Abusir. These include a text describing the appearance and functions of the Hayshesh sea serpents, a cosmogony involving the uroboros, a myth of the glorifier of the Nun and an aetiological myth of the origin of divine awe. These texts further illustrate the nature of the sacred “library” that Iufaa accumulated in his tomb and elucidate the meaning of the originally royal purification ritual that adorns the northern and part of the eastern wall of Iufaa’s burial chamber

New myths about ancient gods. Texts from the walls of the burial chamber of priest Iufaa

The study focuses on four hitherto unknown mythological texts that accompany the text of the Royal purification ritual on the northern wall of the burial chamber of the shaft tomb of Iufaa at Abusir. These include a text describing the appearance and functions of the Hayshesh sea serpents, a cosmogony involving the uroboros, a myth of the glorifier of the Nun and an aetiological myth of the origin of divine awe. These texts further illustrate the nature of the sacred “library” that Iufaa accumulated in his tomb and elucidate the meaning of the originally royal purification ritual that adorns the northern and part of the eastern wall of Iufaa’s burial chamber.577

Setne Khaemwaset: the mischievous son of pharaoh Wesermaatre?

The study presents a new look at the Demotic story of Setne I. According to traditional interpretations, Setne is a scholar searching for the magical scroll containing the wisdom of Thoth, who has to pass through various dangers along his journey and, in the end, is forced to return the book back to the tomb where he found it. The mysterious beauty Tabubu, whom he encounters after carrying the scroll out of the tomb of the scholar Naneferkaptah, is usually portrayed as a force of chaos, as one of the dangerous women described in coeval wisdom literature as creatures any wise man should avoid. However, a careful analysis of the text reveals Setne to be no scholar, his motivation as far from a pure search for knowledge, and his desires being of a carnal rather than spiritual nature. Moreover, a large part of the narrative appears to play out in the spiritual realm, which Setne reaches upon voluntary or involuntary intoxication. Finally, the story also shows that the memory of the real Setne Khamwaset permeated the literary tradition of the time, as the literary Setne, too, is portrayed as an ancient “archaeologist” who roams and restores tombs from long lost times.717

A Snake Encyclopaedia of an Egyptian Magician: glimpses into the texts of the burial chamber of lufaa at Abusir

The burial chamber decoration of the shaft tomb of Iufaa at Abu sir (dated to the turn of the 261hf271h Dynasties) is exceptional with regards to both its extent and the featured topics. All walls of the chamber as well as the outer and inner sarcophagi are covered by excerpts from the Pyramid Texts, Coffin Texts, Book of the Dead and other ritual or liturgical texts. Some of the spells and their illustrations have not been identified yet, others are exceptional or rare (e.g. the image of the Uroboros, or the god Tutu). The westem wall and a part of the northern wall of the burial chamber contain a number of representations of snakes and snake-like creatures as well as texts pertaining to them. According to the texts, these snakes represent divine or demonic beings of the deepest levels of the underworld, and of the beginning of time. In this paper, we present the western wall of the burial chamber of the tomb of Iufaa with six identified serpentine beings and Tutu and Mehen on the opposite, eastern wall with an interpretation of this unique textual corpus which connects underworld phenomena with the terrestrial cult and emphasizes the aspect of secret knowledge.657

Iufaa as a priest of the sun god: from the eastern wall of the burial chamber of priest Iufaa at Abusir

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