Preliminary Exploration of the Mental Health Education Competency Survey of Primary and Middle School Head Teachers

Despite a recent focus on the mental health of students, primary and middle school mental health education in China has been hampered by a lack of resources fand inadequate professional training. This study assessed the mental health education competency of primary and middle school head teachers using the Mental Health Education Competency Questionnaire, a measure based on data from documentary analysis, behavioral event interviews (BEIs), and expert judgment. Factor, reliability, and validity analysis of this questionnaire were conducted. Through these analyses, seven structural dimensions of mental health education competency were found: mental health education skill, career growth, personality charm, occupational tendency, achievement feature, student perspective, and professional knowledge. This questionnaire will improve hiring and evaluation processes and, therefore, improve mental health education

Sirtuin 1 and Autophagy Attenuate Cisplatin-Induced Hair Cell Death in the Mouse Cochlea and Zebrafish Lateral Line

Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is one of the major adverse effects in cisplatin chemotherapy, and hearing protective approaches are unavailable in clinical practice. Recent work unveiled a critical role of autophagy in cell survival in various types of hearing loss. Since the excessive activation of autophagy can contribute to apoptotic cell death, whether the activation of autophagy increases or decreases the rate of cell death in CDDP ototoxicity is still being debated. In this study, we showed that CDDP induced activation of autophagy in the auditory cell HEI-OC1 at the early stage. We then used rapamycin, an autophagy activator, to increase the autophagy activity, and found that the cell death significantly decreased after CDDP injury. In contrast, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) significantly increased cell death. In accordance with in vitro results, rapamycin alleviated CDDP-induced death of hair cells in zebrafish lateral line and cochlear hair cells in mice. Notably, we found that CDDP-induced increase of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) in the HEI-OC1 cells modulated the autophagy function. The specific SIRT1 activator SRT1720 could successfully protect against CDDP-induced cell loss in HEI-OC1 cells, zebrafish lateral line, and mice cochlea. These findings suggest that SIRT1 and autophagy activation can be suggested as potential therapeutic strategies for the treatment of CDDP-induced ototoxicity

Coping strategies in patients undergoing surgery treatment for pituitary tumour in China: A cross‐sectional survey

Abstract Aim To explore the coping strategies and corresponding influence factors in patients undergone surgeries for pituitary tumours. Design A cross‐sectional study. Methods Patients diagnosed with pituitary tumours were included. The Medical Coping Questionnaire (MCMQ) and a demographic questionnaire were used for data collection. Results A total of 150 patients with pituitary tumour undergoing surgery treatment were included. Compared with the a‐select sample, patients with pituitary tumours reported more avoidant coping (p < .0001) and more resigned coping (p = .031) but less confrontation coping (p = .026). Multiple regression analysis showed the regardless of recurrence or not, the type and size of pituitary tumour, education level, family income are the factors influencing the coping style (all p < .05). Conclusions Clinical workers should pay more attention to the patients with multiplied pituitary tumour, huge adenoma, recurred tumour, low levels of education and low monthly income

Multipole Resonance in Arrays of Diamond Dielectric: A Metamaterial Perfect Absorber in the Visible Regime

Excellent characteristics and promising application prospects promote the rapid development of metamaterials. We have numerically proposed and demonstrated a novel subwavelength broadband metamaterial perfect absorber (BMPA) based on diamond dielectric arrays. The proposed absorber is composed of an ultra-thin two-layer structure covering the dielectric periodic array on a metal substrate. The materials of dielectric silicon (Si) and gold (Au) substrate are discussed in detail. In addition, different dielectric and refractory materials are also applied to achieve broadband absorption, which will make the proposed absorber greatly broaden the application field. A perfect absorption window (i.e., absorption rate exceeding 90%) can be obtained from near-ultraviolet to the visible range. The average absorption rate of 93.3% is achieved in the visible range. The results of multipole decomposition show that broadband absorption is mainly caused by electromagnetic dipole resonance and lattice resonance in a periodic array of Si. The proposed absorber can be extended freely by adjusting the structural parameters. The polarization-independent and incident angle insensitivity are proved. The proposed absorber may well be used in light energy acquisition, as well as for the scalability of optoelectronic and sensing devices

Photothermal Response of Hollow Gold Nanorods under Femtosecond Laser Irradiation

The photothermal kinetics of hollow gold nanorod (HGNR) under femtosecond laser irradiation are studied numerically with finite-element methods and a two-temperature model. Compared with solid gold nanorod (SGNR) with the same aspect ratio (AR), the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak of HGNR can be red-shifted to the second near-infrared window, and the absorption cross-section of HGNR can be larger than that of SGNR. In addition, under the influence of an applied numerically electromagnetic field (simulated femtosecond laser irradiation), the heat generated by HGNR makes the temperature rise of the surrounding medium faster and higher. Compared with SGNR with the same resonance wavelength, HGNR has a slightly smaller absorption cross-section but can achieve a higher temperature rise of the external medium. In addition, the laser energy, required to achieve the critical temperature for selective photothermal damage of tumor cells, is also significantly reduced. Moreover, with the same incident laser energy, the decreasing of HGNR shell thickness leads to an increase of the temperature rise of the external medium, while the change of femtosecond laser pulse width will not significantly change the temperature rise of its lattice and the external medium. In short, this study aims to provide some useful insights for the applications of HGNR in photothermal tumor therapy

Enabling Health Reform through Regional Health Information Exchange: A Model Study from China

Objective. To investigate and share the major challenges and experiences of building a regional health information exchange system in China in the context of health reform. Methods. This study used interviews, focus groups, a field study, and a literature review to collect insights and analyze data. The study examined Xinjin’s approach to developing and implementing a health information exchange project, using exchange usage data for analysis. Results. Within three years and after spending approximately $2.4 million (15 million RMB), Xinjin County was able to build a complete, unified, and shared information system and many electronic health record components to integrate and manage health resources for 198 health institutions in its jurisdiction, thus becoming a model of regional health information exchange for facilitating health reform. Discussion. Costs, benefits, experiences, and lessons were discussed, and the unique characteristics of the Xinjin case and a comparison with US cases were analyzed. Conclusion. The Xinjin regional health information exchange system is different from most of the others due to its government-led, government-financed approach. Centralized and coordinated efforts played an important role in its operation. Regional health information exchange systems have been proven critical for meeting the global challenges of health reform

Facilitation or disengagement? Attention bias in facial affect processing after short-term violent video game exposure

<div><p>Previous research has been inconsistent on whether violent video games exert positive and/or negative effects on cognition. In particular, attentional bias in facial affect processing after violent video game exposure continues to be controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate attentional bias in facial recognition after short term exposure to violent video games and to characterize the neural correlates of this effect. In order to accomplish this, participants were exposed to either neutral or violent video games for 25 min and then event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded during two emotional search tasks. The first search task assessed attentional facilitation, in which participants were required to identify an emotional face from a crowd of neutral faces. In contrast, the second task measured disengagement, in which participants were required to identify a neutral face from a crowd of emotional faces. Our results found a significant presence of the ERP component, N2pc, during the facilitation task; however, no differences were observed between the two video game groups. This finding does not support a link between attentional facilitation and violent video game exposure. Comparatively, during the disengagement task, N2pc responses were not observed when participants viewed happy faces following violent video game exposure; however, a weak N2pc response was observed after neutral video game exposure. These results provided only inconsistent support for the disengagement hypothesis, suggesting that participants found it difficult to separate a neutral face from a crowd of emotional faces.</p></div