463 research outputs found
Using pivots to explore heterogeneous collections: A case study in musicology
In order to provide a better e-research environment for musicologists, the musicSpace project has partnered with musicologyâs leading data publishers, aggregated and enriched their data, and developed a richly featured exploratory search interface to access the combined dataset. There have been several significant challenges to developing this service, and intensive collaboration between musicologists (the domain experts) and computer scientists (who developed the enabling technologies) was required. One challenge was the actual aggregation of the data itself, as this was supplied adhering to a wide variety of different schemas and vocabularies. Although the domain experts expended much time and effort in analysing commonalities in the data, as data sources of increasing complexity were added earlier decisions regarding the design of the aggregated schema, particularly decisions made with reference to simpler data sources, were often revisited to take account of unanticipated metadata types. Additionally, in many domains a single source may be considered to be definitive for certain types of information. In musicology, this is essentially the case with the âworks listsâ of composersâ musical compositions given in Grove Music Online (http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/public/book/omo_gmo), and so for musicSpace, we have mapped all sources to the works lists from Grove for the purposes of exploration, specifically to exploit the accuracy of its metadata in respect to dates of publication, catalogue numbers, and so on. Therefore, rather than mapping all fields from Grove to a central model, it would be far quicker (in terms of development time) to create a system to âpull-inâ data from other sources that are mapped directly to the Grove works lists
musicSpace: integrating musicology's heterogeneous data sources
A significant barrier to the research endeavours of musicologists (and humanities scholars more generally) is the sheer amount of potentially relevant information that has accumulated over centuries. Whereas researchers once faced the daunting prospect of physically scouring through endless primary and secondary sources in order to answer the basic whats, wheres and whens of history, these sources and the data they contain are now increasingly available online. Yet the vast increase in the online availability of data, the heterogeneity of this data, the plethora of data providers, and, moreover, the inability of current search tools to manipulate metadata in useful and intelligent ways, means that extracting large tranches of basic factual information or running multi-part search queries is still enormously and needlessly time consuming. Accordingly, the musicSpace project is exploiting Semantic Web technologies (Berners-Lee et al., 2001) to develop a search interface that integrates access to musicologyâs largest and most significant online resources. This will make previously intractable search queries tractable, thus allowing our users to spend their research time more efficiently and ultimately aiding the attainment of new knowledge. This brief paper gives an overview of our work
Discovery and exploration using musicSpace
Musicologists have to rely upon an extraordinarily heterogeneous body of primary and secondary research sources, even when conducting the most basic exploratory research. Although increasingly available online, data is nevertheless routinely catalogued or stored in numerous discrete databases according to media type (text, image, video, audio) and historical period (contemporary literature/sources, historical literature/sources), yet most musicological research cuts across these artificial divisions; researching Monteverdiâs madrigals, for example, could involve performing essentially the same search several times, because there are several relevant data sources (RISM, Grove, Naxos, RILM, BL Integrated Catalogue and BL Sound Archive). The musicSpace project seeks to integrate access to musicological data sources by providing a single search interface, thereby removing the need for search repetition and reducing inefficiency. The vast increase in on-hand data that comes with database integration both demands and allows for the development of far more sophisticated, intelligent and interactive user interfaces. Accordingly, musicSpace facilitates searching and encourages browsing by displaying search results and parameters using multiple panes, allowing instantaneous paradigmatic shifts in search focus, and employing a detailed subject ontology to enable the semi-automatic construction of complex searches. In this paper we present the musicSpace explorer interface and demonstrate its efficacy. We describe key technologies behind musicSpace to reflect on performance and scalability. In particular, however, we describe how we will be evaluating the system in use for research, and describe our longitudinal study to assess the impact of this integrated approach on artefact discovery and research query support
Quantum Entanglement and fixed point Hopf bifurcation
We present the qualitative differences in the phase transitions of the
mono-mode Dicke model in its integrable and chaotic versions. We show that a
first order phase transition occurs in the integrable case whereas a second
order in the chaotic one. This difference is also reflected in the classical
limit: for the integrable case the stable fixed point in phase space suffers a
bifurcation of Hopf type whereas for the second one a pitchfork type
bifurcation has been reported
Tachyonic Inflation in a Warped String Background
We analyze observational constraints on the parameter space of tachyonic
inflation with a Gaussian potential and discuss some predictions of this
scenario. As was shown by Kofman and Linde, it is extremely problematic to
achieve the required range of parameters in conventional string
compactifications. We investigate if the situation can be improved in more
general compactifications with a warped metric and varying dilaton. The
simplest examples are the warped throat geometries that arise in the vicinity
of of a large number of space-filling D-branes. We find that the parameter
range for inflation can be accommodated in the background of D6-branes wrapping
a three-cycle in type IIA. We comment on the requirements that have to be met
in order to realize this scenario in an explicit string compactification.Comment: Latex, JHEP class, 20 pages, 4 figures. v2: references added, small
error in section 7 corrected, published versio
Inflationary Attractor from Tachyonic Matter
We study the complete evolution of a flat and homogeneous universe dominated
by tachyonic matter. We demonstrate the attractor behaviour of the tachyonic
inflation using the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism. We else obtain analytical
approximations to the trajectories of the tachyon field in different regions.
The numerical calculation shows that an initial non-vanishing momentum does not
prevent the onset of inflation. The slow-rolling solution is an attractor.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTe
Reversible Band Gap Engineering in Carbon Nanotubes by Radial Deformation
We present a systematic analysis of the effect of radial deformation on the
atomic and electronic structure of zigzag and armchair single wall carbon
nanotubes using the first principle plane wave method. The nanotubes were
deformed by applying a radial strain, which distorts the circular cross section
to an elliptical one. The atomic structure of the nanotubes under this strain
are fully optimized, and the electronic structure is calculated
self-consistently to determine the response of individual bands to the radial
deformation. The band gap of the insulating tube is closed and eventually an
insulator-metal transition sets in by the radial strain which is in the elastic
range. Using this property a multiple quantum well structure with tunable and
reversible electronic structure is formed on an individual nanotube and its
band-lineup is determined from first-principles. The elastic energy due to the
radial deformation and elastic constants are calculated and compared with
classical theories.Comment: To be appear in Phys. Rev. B, Apr 15, 200
D-brane anti-D-brane effective action and brane interaction in open string channel
We construct the effective action of a -brane-anti--brane system by
making use of the non-abelian extension of tachyonic DBI action. We succeed the
construction by restricting the Chan-Paton factors of two non-BPS -branes
in the action to the Chan-Paton factors of a system. For the
special case that both branes are coincident, the action reduces to the one
proposed by A. Sen. \\The effective potential indicates that
when branes separation is larger than the string length scale, there are two
minima in the tachyon direction. As branes move toward each other under the
gravitational force, the tachyon tunneling from false to true vacuum may make a
bubble formation followed by a classical evolution of the bubble. On the other
hand, when branes separation is smaller than the string length scale, the
potential shows one maximum and one minimum. In this case, a homogeneous
tachyon rolling in real time makes an attractive potential for the branes
distance. This classical force is speculated to be the effective force between
the two branes.Comment: Latex, 14 pages, 1 figure, the version appears in JHE
Off-shell extension of S-matrix elements and tachyonic effective actions
We show that the on-shell S-matrix elements of four open string massless
scalars, two scalars and two tachyons, and four open string tachyons in the
super string theory can be written in a unique form. We then propose an
off-shell extension for the S-matrix element of four scalars which is
consistent, in the low energy limit, with the Dirac-Born-Infeld effective
action. Using a similar off-shell extension for the S-matrix element of two
scalars and two tachyons and for the S-matrix element of four tachyons, we show
that they are fully consistent with the tachyonic DBI action.Comment: Latex, 17 pages, v3:a paragraph comparing off-shell and on- shell
amplitudes added, reference adde
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