O mercado de carbono como instrumento de conservação da floresta amazônica

Este trabalho analisa a questão ambiental presente nas políticas públicas para a região amazônica, incluindo a Lei de Gestão de Florestas Públicas (Lei 11.284/06), sancionada com o objetivo de regulamentar a gestão de florestas públicas no Brasil e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. O Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) do Protocolo de Kyoto é sugerido como instrumento de conservação florestal. Por meio de um cenário hipotético de desmatamento “zero” e 100% do carbono não emitido vinculado a projetos de conservação florestal, estimou-se que uma receita econômica equivalente à da exploração madeireira poderia ser obtida no mercado de carbono, contribuindo para a manutenção do equilíbrio climático reduzindo a emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa, bem como mantendo preservados os valores da biodiversidade e dos serviços ambientais relacionados à floresta em pé (não derrubada). ------------------------This paper analyses environment subject present in public policies for Legal Amazonia, including the “Public Forests Management Law” (Law 11.284/06), approved with the purpose of regulating public forests management in Brazil and promoting sustainable development. The Kyoto Protocol´s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is suggested as a forest conservation mechanism. Through an hypothetical “zero” deforestation scenario and 100% of not emitted carbon linked to forest conservation projects, an economic revenue equivalent to the logging activities was estimated, and could be obtained in carbon market contributing to maintenance of climatic equilibrium reducing Greenhouse Gases emissions, as well as keeping preserved biodiversity and environment services values related to standing forest

Smart cities as an application of internet of things: experiences and lessons learnt in Barcelona

Internet of things is a ubiquitous technology that will be present everywhere. One of the first applications will be smart cities. Cities are growing in population and citizens demand better services from the administration without increasing taxes. The only way to attend this demand is to improve information and how this is treated to take decisions. In other words, we should make the city smart. Smart cities are a novel concept that defines new technologies but also reuses some of the existing ones. All novel solutions phase the same problem: the lack of standards and widely accepted solutions. The City of Barcelona with the collaboration from research centers and industrial partners has been testing the smart city concept with the double purpose to contribute to the creation of standards and providing in the interim a solution to cope with the heterogeneity of providers, in particular from the wireless sensor part. This work has been structured as a "Barcelona Intelligent City" project or BCI. BCI project considers all the steps of the data process from its capture by a sensor network to the processing to make it relevant (pointing events that requires attention) and rich (with context information). Conclusions from the pilots has started to be applied. One example is the sensoring in civil works control. This paper includes some lines about Avinguda de l'Estatut Civil Works Project and its conclusions.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Respuesta al folleto titulado "Contestación á la carta sobre las poesías de Vayo" : que se publicó el día 16 de diciembre de 1827

En el recto de la port.: "Se hallara con la Carta a Vayo, en la misma imprenta ... y en la libreria de Cabrerizo ..."Sign.: [1]-2(8), 3(6

Operating a next generation media urban testbed

The adoption of 5G promises low latency and high throughput, greater adaptability of highly distributed compute and storage infrastructure, as well as configuration and management of a wide range of network services. This paradigm shift in network operations and usage results in a tighter integrationof the infrastructure with the platform that allows instantiating the media services. The setup of the infrastructure in use for an urban testbed requires operators to carefully plan to acquire equipment with the expected technical characteristics, as well as to meaningfully configure, integrate with the platform on top and setup tools to monitor it. In this paper we share our experience of deploying an infrastructure on the street that supports the FLAME platform. Specifically, we introduce key points to consider when first defining the infrastructure site and equipment, when configuring, operating and monitoring it; and when experiments are to be tested

Smart cities as an application of internet of things: experiences and lessons learnt in Barcelona

Internet of things is a ubiquitous technology that will be present everywhere. One of the first applications will be smart cities. Cities are growing in population and citizens demand better services from the administration without increasing taxes. The only way to attend this demand is to improve information and how this is treated to take decisions. In other words, we should make the city smart. Smart cities are a novel concept that defines new technologies but also reuses some of the existing ones. All novel solutions phase the same problem: the lack of standards and widely accepted solutions. The City of Barcelona with the collaboration from research centers and industrial partners has been testing the smart city concept with the double purpose to contribute to the creation of standards and providing in the interim a solution to cope with the heterogeneity of providers, in particular from the wireless sensor part. This work has been structured as a "Barcelona Intelligent City" project or BCI. BCI project considers all the steps of the data process from its capture by a sensor network to the processing to make it relevant (pointing events that requires attention) and rich (with context information). Conclusions from the pilots has started to be applied. One example is the sensoring in civil works control. This paper includes some lines about Avinguda de l'Estatut Civil Works Project and its conclusions.Peer Reviewe

O mercado de carbono como instrumento de conservação da floresta amazônica

Este trabalho analisa a questão ambiental presente nas políticas públicas para a região amazônica, incluindo a Lei de Gestão de Florestas Públicas (Lei 11.284/06), sancionada com o objetivo de regulamentar a gestão de florestas públicas no Brasil e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. O Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL) do Protocolo de Kyoto é sugerido como instrumento de conservação florestal. Por meio de um cenário hipotético de desmatamento “zero” e 100% do carbono não emitido vinculado a projetos de conservação florestal, estimou-se que uma receita econômica equivalente à da exploração madeireira poderia ser obtida no mercado de carbono, contribuindo para a manutenção do equilíbrio climático reduzindo a emissão de Gases de Efeito Estufa, bem como mantendo preservados os valores da biodiversidade e dos serviços ambientais relacionados à floresta em pé (não derrubada). ------------------------This paper analyses environment subject present in public policies for Legal Amazonia, including the “Public Forests Management Law” (Law 11.284/06), approved with the purpose of regulating public forests management in Brazil and promoting sustainable development. The Kyoto Protocol´s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is suggested as a forest conservation mechanism. Through an hypothetical “zero” deforestation scenario and 100% of not emitted carbon linked to forest conservation projects, an economic revenue equivalent to the logging activities was estimated, and could be obtained in carbon market contributing to maintenance of climatic equilibrium reducing Greenhouse Gases emissions, as well as keeping preserved biodiversity and environment services values related to standing forest.mercado de carbono, protocolo de Kyoto, mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo (MDL), conservação da floresta amazônica, aquecimento global, carbon market, Kyoto Protocol, clean development mechanism (CDM), amazon forest conservation, global warming, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

A AMAZONIA E O MERCADO DE CARBONO

A Amazônia tem um destacado papel na crise ambiental global uma vez que, no Brasil, há mais emissões de carbono por o desmatamento e queimadas do que pela queima de combustíveis de origem fóssil. Para discutir a problemática e a importância da inserção da Amazônia no mercado de carbono, parte-se dos processos de ocupação e uso dos recursos naturais da floresta e das contradições na formulação das políticas para a região. Com base nos conceitos de direitos de propriedade, direitos econômicos e rede social demonstra-se que a política atual de gestão e concessão da floresta pode também ancorar-se no mercado de carbono para agir diretamente sobre o caráter ilegal e clandestino das atividades que depredam a floresta e diminuir os conflitos existentes. Esta inserção, por sua vez, pode fortalecer o arcabouço institucional presente e promover as condições sociais necessárias para uma alternativa de desenvolvimento sustentável e geração de renda.---------------------------------------------Amazon plays an important role in environmental global crisis by the fact that, in Brazil, there is more carbon emissions through deforestation and burns than through fuel fossil ones. In order to discuss this problem and the importance of Amazon in carbon market, this article starts considering the occupation and use of the forest natural resources and the regional public politics contradictions. Based in the property and economic rights and social net concepts, it is demonstrated that the actual politics of forest management and concession can also be assessed by carbon market to act in the objective of reducing illegal and clandestine activities that cause forest degradation and to reduce existing conflicts. The insertion of the forest in this market can strength the actual institutional structure and promote necessary social conditions for a sustainable development and income generation

A AMAZONIA E O MERCADO DE CARBONO

A Amazônia tem um destacado papel na crise ambiental global uma vez que, no Brasil, há mais emissões de carbono por o desmatamento e queimadas do que pela queima de combustíveis de origem fóssil. Para discutir a problemática e a importância da inserção da Amazônia no mercado de carbono, parte-se dos processos de ocupação e uso dos recursos naturais da floresta e das contradições na formulação das políticas para a região. Com base nos conceitos de direitos de propriedade, direitos econômicos e rede social demonstra-se que a política atual de gestão e concessão da floresta pode também ancorar-se no mercado de carbono para agir diretamente sobre o caráter ilegal e clandestino das atividades que depredam a floresta e diminuir os conflitos existentes. Esta inserção, por sua vez, pode fortalecer o arcabouço institucional presente e promover as condições sociais necessárias para uma alternativa de desenvolvimento sustentável e geração de renda.---------------------------------------------Amazon plays an important role in environmental global crisis by the fact that, in Brazil, there is more carbon emissions through deforestation and burns than through fuel fossil ones. In order to discuss this problem and the importance of Amazon in carbon market, this article starts considering the occupation and use of the forest natural resources and the regional public politics contradictions. Based in the property and economic rights and social net concepts, it is demonstrated that the actual politics of forest management and concession can also be assessed by carbon market to act in the objective of reducing illegal and clandestine activities that cause forest degradation and to reduce existing conflicts. The insertion of the forest in this market can strength the actual institutional structure and promote necessary social conditions for a sustainable development and income generation.Amazônia, mercado de carbono, desenvolvimento sustentável, Amazon, carbon market, sustainable development, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,