Interactions entre profil cognitif et fonctions motrices chez le jeune adulte porteur de trisomie 21

Les conséquences de la trisomie 21 (T21) sur les capacités cognitives et motrices sont diverses et variables. Notre objectif était d'identifier les caractéristiques fonctionnelles associées à ce syndrome. Nous avons d'abord établi le profil cognitif d'adultes T21 à un niveau d'analyse global du comportement. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé une batterie italienne d'évaluation neuropsychologique (Progetto Senior) pour les personnes déficientes intellectuelles (DI). Après traduction, nous avons vérifié sa cohérence interne. Le profil cognitif des participants T21 établi ensuite en référence à des individus DI ou non révèle une hétérogénéité de l'altération des fonctions cognitives. Parallèlement, nous avons testé l'impact de l'allocation de l'attention sur le traitement de l'information au moyen des techniques de chronométrie mentale et de recueil des potentiels évoqués tardifs. Nous avons montré que les individus T21 sont capables d'orienter leur attention vers les stimuli pertinents, traités toutefois d'autant plus lentement que la composante motrice de la tâche est faible. Nous attribuons ce déficit à un défaut d'allocation d'attention vers les étapes motrices du traitement. En conclusion, notre travail suggère que : 1) les difficultés motrices des individus T21 sont en partie dues à un déficit d'allocation de l'attention étroitement lié aux caractéristiques de la tâche ; 2) les approches neurophysiologiques sont pertinentes pour affiner les endophénotypes associés à la trisomie 21 que sont les déficits sensori-moteurs ; 3) l'outil Progetto Senior, plus global, semble mieux adapté pour une aide à la prise en charge.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Prendre, apprendre et comprendre. Pour une approchepluridisciplinaire des liens main-culture-materielle-cognition dans le travailscaphandrier.

Travail pluridisciplinaire sur la main à partir d'un travail ethnographique des scaphandrier

Late event-related potentials and movement complexity in young adults with Down syndrome.

International audienceOBJECTIVES: Through event-related potential (ERP) recording, to better understand the perceptive-motor slowness in adults with Down syndrome (DS); in particular, to assess whether motor preparation influences the speed of allocation of perceptual attention as reflected by the P3 latency. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ERPs were obtained in adults with and without DS through an auditory oddball paradigm under a passive and two active (simple vs. complex motor response) conditions. Reaction times (RTs) were recorded in the two active conditions. RESULTS: There was no influence of movement complexity on either RT or P3b latency in the control group. In the DS group, RT was delayed under simple vs. complex conditions whereas P3b latency was not affected. N2a and N2b were often missing in DS individuals. CONCLUSION: Motor preparation processes per se rather than interaction with perceptual attention could be defective in individuals with DS when the motor component of the response is minimal

Characterizing Parkinson's desease using EMG fractional linear prediction

International audienc

Studying falls in real situations: Coupling subjective experience and biomarkers in the design of innovative methods

International audienc

Investitionsentscheidungshilfe zur Sanierung einer Trafostation in der Stadt Salzburg

Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die wirtschaftliche Betrachtung zum Umbau einer Trafostation in der Salzburger Altstadt mit Anwendung von Investitionsentscheidungsrechnungen. Für den Umbau der Trafostation soll eine Entscheidungshilfe für den Auftraggeber auf Basis der Instandhaltungs- und Betriebskosten erstellt werden. Zu Beginn werden im Theorieteil die Begriffe und die Rechenverfahren samt Entscheidungsregeln beschrieben. Im Praxisteil erfolgt die Anwendung der Investitionsentscheidungsrechnungen samt Bestimmung der vorteilhaftesten Variante mit Hilfe der Entscheidungsregeln. Die Arbeit endet mit einer Zusammenfassung und kurzen Betrachtung der Ergebnisse

Methodological considerations about motor activity tracking in real life settings

International audienc

“The whole perimeter is difficult”: Parkinson’s disease and the conscious experience of walking in everyday environments

International audiencePurpose: This study sought to characterize the way patients with Parkinson's disease consciously perceive and respond to their surroundings while walking in everyday situations.Method: A qualitative research program designed around an ecological data collection protocol was employed. A convenience sample of 14 patients with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and a history of gait difficulties were recruited. Details regarding patients' subjective experience of walking in everyday environments were obtained using first person interviewing techniques with the support of video footage from their daily-life activity. Interview transcripts were analyzed using an interpretive phenomenological approach in order to derive key themes.Results: The sense of proximity and the way in which an individual perceived themselves with respect to their surroundings appeared central to the way patients organized their locomotor behavior. Further to this, the patient relationship to different features and obstacles appeared conditioned by prior experiences in those circumstances. Patients described managing gait difficulties by consciously regulating their walking trajectory and gaze with respect to their environment.Conclusion: Perceptual challenges, visual flow and the dynamic valence of features in the patient's surroundings may have important effects upon the gait stability of patients with Parkinson's disease and warrant further attention in planning rehabilitation interventions.Implications for rehabilitationWalking abilities of patients with Parkinson's disease should be conceptualized in terms of perceptuomotor coupling to a given environment.The functional significance of a patient's environment is dynamic and might be seen to vary in accordance with their physical capacities.Valency, or the subjective relationship between a patient and their surrounds, appears to be an important component of the "fit" between a person and their environment.Novel rehabilitation strategies for the management of parkinsonian gait disturbances might seek to integrate psychological, sensorimotor and environmental elements in order to have individually tailored, ecologically valid home assessment and community rehabilitation programs

Design of Technology and Technology of Design. Activity Analysis as a Resource for a Personalised Approach for Patients with Parkinson Disease

International audienceUsing a personalized medicine perspective, ECOTECH aims at developing new tools and methodologies to characterize and overcome at-risk situations for patients with Parkinson's disease in their daily life activity. With the cooperation of a multidisciplinary research group, patient situations have been studied in real life context in both hospital environment and home and community settings Gait, in particular, has been assessed by combining data from an onboard sensor system, ethnographic observations and self-confrontation interviews. We discuss the results of this study with respect to the so-called activity analysis framework which is considered both as a resource for the design of new technologies and as a technology of design in the healthcare domain. In particular, we consider the potential for innovations regarding here, with the integration of onboard sensors, 1) the design of training 2) the design of artefact and work formats 3) the design of new mechanisms for health knowledge generation and validation