Orléans – Lycée Saint-Euverte

Date de l'opération : 1989 (SU) Inventeur(s) : Lallemand Véronique ; Petit Dominique ; Primat J Suite à la mise en œuvre du projet d'extension du lycée technique Saint-Euverte dans un zone de vestiges potentiels [ (Fig. n°1 : Localisation des fouilles effectuées en ville de 1984 à1991), site H], une surveillance de travaux puis une fouille de sauvetage urgent ont été engagées en 1989. Cette intervention a mis en évidence une occupation du site dès la période gallo-romaine précoce qui se matér..

Programming implantable cardioverter-defibrillators in primary prevention: Higher or later

SummaryDefibrillator shocks, appropriate or not, are associated with significant morbidity, as they decrease quality of life, can be involved in depression and anxiety, and are known to be proarrhythmic. Most recent data have even shown an association between shocks and overall mortality. As opposed to other defibrillator-related complications, the rate of inappropriate and unnecessary shocks can (and should) be decreased with adequate programming. This review focuses on the different programming strategies and tips available to reduce the rate of shocks in primary prevention patients with left ventricular dysfunction implanted with a defibrillator, as well as some of the manufacturers’ device specificities

The evolution of infrahissian conduction time in myotonic dystrophy patients: clinical implications

International audienc

In Vivo Activation of cAMP Signaling Induces Growth Arrest and Differentiation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Differentiation therapy for acute myeloid leukemia uses transcriptional modulators to reprogram cancer cells. The most relevant clinical example is acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which responds dramatically to either retinoic acid (RA) or arsenic trioxide (As2O3). In many myeloid leukemia cell lines, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) triggers growth arrest, cell death, or differentiation, often in synergy with RA. Nevertheless, the toxicity of cAMP derivatives and lack of suitable models has hampered trials designed to assess the in vivo relevance of theses observations. We show that, in an APL cell line, cAMP analogs blocked cell growth and unraveled As2O3-triggered differentiation. Similarly, in RA-sensitive or RA-resistant mouse models of APL, continuous infusions of 8-chloro-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) triggered major growth arrest, greatly enhanced both spontaneous and RA- or As2O3-induced differentiation and accelerated the restoration of normal hematopoiesis. Theophylline, a well-tolerated phosphodiesterase inhibitor which stabilizes endogenous cAMP, also impaired APL growth and enhanced spontaneous or As2O3-triggered cell differentiation in vivo. Accordingly, in an APL patient resistant to combined RA–As2O3 therapy, theophylline induced blast clearance and restored normal hematopoiesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that in vivo activation of cAMP signaling contributes to APL clearance, independently of its RA-sensitivity, thus raising hopes that other myeloid leukemias may benefit from this therapeutic approach

AMOTL1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression and Is Antagonized by Merlin

AbstractThe Hippo signaling network is a key regulator of cell fate. In the recent years, it was shown that its implication in cancer goes well beyond the sole role of YAP transcriptional activity and its regulation by the canonical MST/LATS kinase cascade. Here we show that the motin family member AMOTL1 is an important effector of Hippo signaling in breast cancer. AMOTL1 connects Hippo signaling to tumor cell aggressiveness. We show that both canonical and noncanonical Hippo signaling modulates AMOTL1 levels. The tumor suppressor Merlin triggers AMOTL1 proteasomal degradation mediated by the NEDD family of ubiquitin ligases through direct interaction. In parallel, YAP stimulates AMOTL1 expression. The loss of Merlin expression and the induction of Yap activity that are frequently observed in breast cancers thus result in elevated AMOTL1 levels. AMOTL1 expression is sufficient to trigger tumor cell migration and stimulates proliferation by activating c-Src. In a large cohort of human breast tumors, we show that AMOTL1 protein levels are upregulated during cancer progression and that, importantly, the expression of AMOTL1 in lymph node metastasis appears predictive of the risk of relapse. Hence we uncover an important mechanism by which Hippo signaling promotes breast cancer progression by modulating the expression of AMOTL1

Impaired Embryonic Development in Mice Overexpressing the RNA-Binding Protein TIAR

TIA-1-related (TIAR) protein is a shuttling RNA-binding protein involved in several steps of RNA metabolism. While in the nucleus TIAR participates to alternative splicing events, in the cytoplasm TIAR acts as a translational repressor on specific transcripts such as those containing AU-Rich Elements (AREs). Due to its ability to assemble abortive pre-initiation complexes coalescing into cytoplasmic granules called stress granules, TIAR is also involved in the general translational arrest observed in cells exposed to environmental stress. However, the in vivo role of this protein has not been studied so far mainly due to severe embryonic lethality upon tiar invalidation.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

The role of the C-terminus Merlin in its tumor suppressor function

La neurofibromatose de type 2 (NF2) est une maladie autosomique causée soit par l'inactivation du gène NF2, soit par la perte de la protéine issue due ce gène, Merline. Cela entraîne à son tour la formation de plusieurs tumeurs nerveuse bénignes (non invasives) comme les schwannomes, méningiomes et les épendymomes. De plus, une diminution de l'expression de Merline est observée dans les cancers du sein invasifs, toutefois le rôle de Merline dans ces tumeurs invasives est peu étudié. Merline est la seule protéine ayant un rôle de suppresseur de tumeur dans la famille des ERM (Ezrin / Radixin / Moesin). Nous, ainsi que d'autres groupes, avons montré que la partie C-terminale de Merline est importante pour sa fonction inhibitrice de la croissance cellulaire. Par conséquent, j'ai cherché à mettre en évidence de nouveaux partenaires d'interaction non décrits à ce jour, ainsi que de nouveaux sites de phosphorylation sur l'extrémité C-terminale de Merline qui pourrait expliquer la fonction de suppresseur de tumeur de Merlin. L'utilisation d expériences d'immunoprécipitation couplées à la spectrométrie de masse nous a permis d identifier de nouveaux interacteurs ainsi que de nouveaux sites de phosphorylation sur ce domaine C-terminal de Merline. Nous avons analysé l'importance d'un nouvel interacteur, AmotL1, ainsi que d'un nouveau site de phosphorylation sur la threonine 581 (T581), dans la fonction suppresseur de tumeur de Merline. La protéine AmotL1 appartient à la famille des motines, qui sont connues pour être impliquées dans la régulation de la migration cellulaire. A cet égard, nous avons montré qu AmotL1 est un nouveau partenaire d'interaction de Merline. Nous avons étudié l'importance de cette interaction entre Merline et AmotL1 dans la migration cellulaire et nos données suggèrent fortement que Merlin pourrait inhiber la migration cellulaire médiée par AmotL1 dans les cellules du cancer du sein, via notamment la régulation de son expression et de sa localisation. Enfin, nous avons également identifié plusieurs nouveaux interacteurs de Merline, qui pourraient expliquer comment Merlin pourrait agir comme une protéine d'échafaudage à la membrane plasmique, en interagissant avec des composants essentiels de la voie Hippo, comme AmotL1, Kibra, Lats et YAP, pour réguler la prolifération et la migration cellulaire. Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons identifié un nouveau site de phosphorylation spécifique à l'isoforme 1 de Merline, la T581, et nous avons démontré que la phosphorylation de cette threonine est importante pour la progression en mitose au moment approprié. De plus, dans cette étude, nous avons montré que Merlin est un substrat potentiel de la kinase Aurora A, un oncogène majeur, au cours de la mitose et de l'interphase, dans des lignées cellulaires de cancer du sein. Enfin, nous avons fourni des données préliminaires sur la façon dont Aurora A régule la signalisation Hippo et la fonction de DCAF1 en phosphorylant Merline. En résumé, cette thèse met en évidence deux fonctions importantes de Merline : premièrement comment Merline régule la migration/invasion cellulaire dans des tumeurs non-nerveuses telles que les cancers du sein et deuxièmement, comment Merline est régulé au cours de la mitose et de l'interphase dans des lignées de cancer du sein, en agissant comme un substrat pour la kinase Aurora A qui est surexprimée dans plusieurs cancers comme celui du sein, du côlon et l'HCC. Prise dans son ensemble, notre étude montre le rôle potentiel de Merline dans les tumeurs invasives telles que celles rencontrées dans les cancers du sein.Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal disorder caused by inactivation of NF2 gene or loss of the NF2 product, Merlin. This in turn results in formation of multiple benign (noninvasive) nerve tumors such as schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. Additionally reduced expression of Merlin is observed in invasive breast cancers however the role of Merlin in these invasive tumors is poorly investigated. Merlin is the only tumor suppressor protein in Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) family proteins. Previously we and others have shown that C-terminus of Merlin is important for its growth suppressive function. In this regard, I set out to investigate whether there were undiscovered interacting partners and novel phosphorylation sites on the C-terminus of Merlin that could account for tumor suppressor function of Merlin. Using immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry we have identified new interactors as well as novel phosphorylation on this C-terminus domain of Merlin. We analyzed importance of new interactor, AmotL1, as well as novel phosphorylation site on T581 in the tumor suppressor function of Merlin. AmotL1 belongs to AMOT family proteins which are known to involve in the regulation of cell migration. In this regard, we have shown that AmotL1 is novel interacting partner of Merlin. We have investigated the importance of Merlin and AmotL1 interactions in cell migration and our data strongly suggest that Merlin might inhibit AmotL1 mediated cell migration in breast cancer cells by regulating its expression and localization. Finally, we have also found several new interactors of Merlin and that could explain how Merlin might acts as scaffolding protein at the plasma membrane by interacting with Hippo core components such as AmotL1, Kibra, Lats and YAP to regulate cell proliferation and migration. In the second part, we have identified a novel phosphorylation site at T581 which is specific to Merlin isoform 1 and demonstrated that phosphorylation of Merlin on T581 is important for the timely mitotic progression. Further in this study, we have shown that Merlin is a potential substrate for major oncogene Aurora kinase A in mitosis as well as in interphasic breast cancer cell lines. Finally we have provided initial clues how Aurora A regulates Hippo signaling and DCAF1 function by phosphorylating Merlin. In the summary, this thesis highlights two important functions of Merlin: firstly how Merlin regulates the cell migration/invasion in non-nerve tumors such as breast cancers and secondly how Merlin is regulated in mitosis and interphasic breast cancer cells by acting as a substrate to Aurora Kinase A which is over expressed in several cancers such as breast, colon and HCC. All together our study indicates the potential role for Merlin in invasive tumors such as breast cancers.PARIS11-SCD-Bib. électronique (914719901) / SudocSudocFranceF