Dual Fungal Infection of Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis in a COVID-19 Patient: A Rare Case Report

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections can be related to vast spectrum of co-existent bacterial and fungal infections. A 49-year-old diabetic male was admitted with a history of fever, cough and breathlessness since 5 days. He developed persistent headache with right sided purulent nasal discharge. Relevant histo-pathological, biochemical, microbiological and imaging studies were performed which proved it to be a dual infection of Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis. We present one such case in a COVID-19 patient to highlight its unusual clinical features along with the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges

Gastrotomy for Retrieval of Thoracic Oesophageal Foriegn Body Using Long Forceps Technique in Three Dogs

Three dogs age between 3- 6 years old was presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology with the history of anorexia, attempt for vomiting, regurgitation, dysphagia, gagging, mild salivation after taking a piece of bone. Clinical examination revealed heart rate and respiratory were within physiological limits. Lateral plain radiograph of thorax revealed radio opaque foreign body was lodged between heart and diaphragm. Surgical invention was planned to retrieve thoracic oesophageal foreign body through gastrotomy incision. This clinical paper reports the successful surgical management of thoracic oesophageal foreign body through gastrotomy incision using long forceps without complication

Mechanistic studies on the Ru(III)-catalyzed oxidation of some aromatic primary diamines by chloramine-T in hydrochloric acid medium: A kinetic approach

The kinetics of ruthenium(III) chloride (Ru(III))-catalyzed oxidation of aromatic primary diamines viz., 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (DDE), by sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide or chloramine-T (CAT) in HCl medium have been investigated at 298 K. Under comparable experimental conditions, the three oxidation reactions follow identical kinetics with first-order dependence both on [oxidant]0 and [Ru(III)], and less than unity order dependence on [Amine]0 and on [H+]. The stoichiometry for each reaction was found and the oxidation products were identified through GC–MS analysis. The reactions were subjected to changes in (a) ionic strength, (b) p- toluenesulfonamide, (c) dielectric permittivity, (d) halide ions, (e) solvent isotope and (f) temperature effect. The reaction mixture fails to initiate the polymerization of acrylonitrile. The activation parameters for the overall reaction were deduced from Arrhenius plots. Under comparable experimental conditions, the relative reactivity of these amines towards CAT is in the order: DDS > DDE > DDM. This reactivity trend may be attributed to electronic factors. The isokinetic temperature (β) of 350 K calculated from enthalpy–entropy relationships and the Exner criterion was much higher than the experimental temperature of 298 K employed in the present study, indicating that the reaction is under enthalpy control. Under the identical set of experimental conditions, the kinetics of Ru(III)- catalyzed oxidation of amines by CAT has been compared with those of uncatalyzed reactions; the catalyzed reactions are found to be about 5-fold faster. The catalytic constant (KC) has been calculated for each amine at different temperatures. The values of activation parameters with respect to Ru(III)-catalyst have been evaluated from the plots of log KC versus 1/T. The protonated species CH3C6H4SO2N+H2Cl has been postulated as the reactive oxidizing species of CAT. The observed results have been explained by a plausible mechanism and the related rate law has been deduced. Graphical abstract The kinetics of ruthenium(III) chloride (Ru(III))-catalyzed oxidation of aromatic primary diamines viz., 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) and 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (DDE) by sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide or chloramine-T (CAT) in HCl medium have been investigated at 298 K. Scheme 1 has been proposed for the Ru(III) catalyzed oxidation of aromatic primary diamines by CAT in acid medium to substantiate the observed kinetics

Congenital Absence of Tail with Atresia Ani and Hypospadias in a Kid- A Case Report

One day old kid was presented to the Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati with the history of not passing feces since birth. Based on the clinical, physical and lateral radiographic examinations, the condition was diagnosed as hypospadias along with penile aplasia and atresia ani without tail. Animal made an uneventful recovery after the seventh post operative day