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Centre for Signal Processing, Department of Electronic and Information EngineeringRefereed conference paper2008-2009 > Academic research: refereed > Refereed conference paperVersion of RecordPublishe

Transfusion-refractory anaemia in liver cirrhosis

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Molecular epidemiology and nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus among young children attending day care centers and kindergartens in Hong Kong

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage in children. METHODS: We collected nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs from 2211 children aged 2-5 years attending 79 day care centers (DCCs) and 113 kindergartens (KGs) in all 18 geographical districts in Hong Kong. RESULTS: The overall carriage rates of S. aureus and MRSA were 27.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.8-28.5%) and 1.3% (95% CI, 0.8-1.8%), respectively. Molecular typing (staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec [SCCmec], sequence type [ST], clonal cluster [CC]) showed that all the 28 MRSA isolates had SCCmec IV (n = 13) or V (n = 15) including 12 isolates with community-associated-MRSA genotypes (ST59-IV/V, ST30-IV and ST88-V), 10 isolates with healthcare-associated-MRSA genotypes (ST45-IV/V, CC5-IV and ST630-V) and six isolates with novel genotypes (ST10-V and CC1-IV). Spa typing indicated that there was some within and between DCCs/KGs transmission of certain MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains but this was not extensive. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate the potential for DCCs to be a reservoir for emerging MRSA genotypes and highlight the need to enhance education and infection control measures to reduce their cross-transmission in this population.postprin

Myocarditis Following COVID-19 BNT162b2 Vaccination Among Adolescents in Hong Kong

Cases of myocarditis following the second dose of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine are accruing worldwide, especially in younger male adults and adolescents.1-4 In weighing the risk of myocarditis against the benefit of preventing severe COVID-19, Norway, the UK, and Taiwan have suspended the second dose of mRNA vaccine for adolescents. Similarly, adolescents (aged 12-17 years) in Hong Kong have been recommended to receive 1 dose of BNT162b2 instead of 2 doses 21 days apart since September 15, 2021 (Figure)

Molecular epidemiology and nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus among young children attending day care centers and kindergartens in Hong Kong

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal carriage in children. METHODS: We collected nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs from 2211 children aged 2-5 years attending 79 day care centers (DCCs) and 113 kindergartens (KGs) in all 18 geographical districts in Hong Kong. RESULTS: The overall carriage rates of S. aureus and MRSA were 27.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.8-28.5%) and 1.3% (95% CI, 0.8-1.8%), respectively. Molecular typing (staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec [SCCmec], sequence type [ST], clonal cluster [CC]) showed that all the 28 MRSA isolates had SCCmec IV (n = 13) or V (n = 15) including 12 isolates with community-associated-MRSA genotypes (ST59-IV/V, ST30-IV and ST88-V), 10 isolates with healthcare-associated-MRSA genotypes (ST45-IV/V, CC5-IV and ST630-V) and six isolates with novel genotypes (ST10-V and CC1-IV). Spa typing indicated that there was some within and between DCCs/KGs transmission of certain MRSA and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains but this was not extensive. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate the potential for DCCs to be a reservoir for emerging MRSA genotypes and highlight the need to enhance education and infection control measures to reduce their cross-transmission in this population.postprin

Prevalence of self-reported halitosis in Hong Kong and related factors

Poster Presentation: PP-004OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of self-reported halitosis (SRH) in the territory of Hong Kong SAR, China. In addition, to identify socio-demographic, oral health, and behavioural factors associated with SRH. METHODS: A quota sample of 450 Chinese adults in Hong Kong SAR, China was recruited from random digit telephone dialing. Through anonymous telephone interview ...postprintThe SEAADE 22nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Singapore, 29-31 October 2011

On the Association Between Demographic Structural Change and the Effectiveness of Nurse Staffing Policy for Inpatient Care: Evidence from Taiwan

Yi-Ling Lai,1,2 Wen-Yi Chen,3,* Shiuan-Shinn Lee,1,* Yung-Po Liaw1,4,5 1Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402367, Taiwan; 2Community Health Center, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung, 427213, Taiwan; 3Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 403301, Taiwan; 4Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 402367, Taiwan; 5Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 402367, Taiwan*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wen-Yi Chen, Department of Senior Citizen Service Management, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, 193 Sec 1, San-Min Road, Taichung, 403301, Taiwan, Tel +886 4 22196932, Email [email protected] Shiuan-Shinn Lee, Department of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Section 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung, 402367, Taiwan, Tel +886 4 24730022 Ext 12185, Email [email protected]: This study investigates the influence of demographic changes on the effectiveness of hospital nurse staffing policy, measured by the cumulative response of inpatient care quality to adjustments in hospital nurse staffing levels in Taiwan.Methods: The research design utilized in this study aligns with the observational time-series methodology, and a total of 99 monthly time-series observations were collected from multiple databases administered by the Taiwan government over the period from January 2015 to March 2023. Specifically, the time-varying parameter vector autoregressive and autoregressive distributed lag models were employed to investigate the association between age distribution and nurse staffing policy effectiveness.Results: The time-varying impulse responses of the unplanned 14-day readmission rate after discharge to changes in nurse staffing levels indicate a positive association between patient-to-nurse ratios and unplanned 14-day readmission rates across various types of hospitals. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of hospitals’ nurse staffing policy is observed to diminish with population aging, particularly evident in medical centers and regional hospitals.Conclusion: Policymakers should establish lower mandated patient-to-nurse ratios, grounded in practical nurse workforce planning, to address the needs of an aging society and enhance inpatient care quality through improved nurse staffing in hospitals.Keywords: demographic structural change, nurse staffing, inpatient care quality, time-varying parameter vector autoregressive model, autoregressive distributed lags mode

Allergy in Hong Kong: an unmet need in service provision and training

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Classification of facial periâ implant soft tissue dehiscence/deficiencies at single implant sites in the esthetic zone

BackgroundThe incidence of a periâ implant soft tissue dehiscence/deficiency (PSTD) is not a rare finding. Despite multiple previous attempts aimed at correcting the PSTDs, a classification of these conditions has not yet been proposed. This lack in the literature may also lead to discrepancies in the reported treatment outcomes and thus misinform the clinician or the readers. The aim of the present article was therefore to present a classification of periâ implant PSTD at a single implant site.MethodsFour classes of PSTDs were discussed based on the position of the gingival margin of the implantâ supported crown in relation to the homologous natural tooth. In addition, the buccoâ lingual position of the implant head was also taken into consideration. Each class was further subdivided based on the height of the anatomical papillae.ResultsSubsequently, for each respective category a surgical approach (including bilaminar techniques, the combined prostheticâ surgical approach or soft tissue augmentation with a submerged healing) was also suggested.ConclusionThis paper provides a new classification system for describing PSTDs at single implant sites, with the appropriate recommended treatment protocol.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151905/1/jper10351_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/151905/2/jper10351.pd