31 research outputs found
Symmetry breaking induced insulating electronic state in PbCu(PO)O
The recent experimental claim of room-temperature ambient-pressure
superconductivity in a Cu-doped lead-apatite (LK-99) has ignited substantial
research interest in both experimental and theoretical domains. Previous
density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the inclusion of an on-site
Hubbard interaction consistently predict the presence of flat bands
crossing the Fermi level. This is in contrast to DFT plus dynamical mean field
theory calculations, which reveal the Mott insulating behavior for the
stoichiometric PbCu(PO)O compound. Nevertheless, the existing
calculations are all based on the structure, which is argued to be not
the ground-state structure. Here, we revisit the electronic structure of
PbCu(PO)O with the energetically more favorable
structure, fully taking into account electronic symmetry breaking. We examine
all possible configurations for Cu substituting the Pb sites. Our results show
that the doped Cu atoms exhibit a preference for substituting the Pb2 sites
than the Pb1 sites. In both cases, the calculated substitutional formation
energies are large, indicating the difficulty in incorporating Cu at the Pb
sites. We find that most of structures with Cu at the Pb2 site tend to be
insulating, while the structures with both two Cu atoms at the Pb1 sites
(except one configuration) are predicted to be metallic by DFT+
calculations. However, when accounting for the electronic symmetry breaking,
some Cu-doped configurations previously predicted to be metallic (including the
structure studied in previous DFT+ calculations) become insulating. Our work
highlights the importance of symmetry breaking in obtaining correct electronic
state for PbCu(PO)O, thereby reconciling previous DFT+ and
DFT+DMFT calculations.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures (including Supplementary Material
Robust anomalous Hall effect in ferromagnetic metal under high pressure
Recently, the giant intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) has been observed
in the materials with kagome lattice. In this study, we systematically
investigate the influence of high pressure on the AHE in the ferromagnet
LiMn6Sn6 with clean Mn kagome lattice. Our in-situ high-pressure Raman
spectroscopy indicates that the crystal structure of LiMn6Sn6 maintains a
hexagonal phase under high pressures up to 8.51 GPa. The anomalous Hall
conductivity (AHC) {\sigma}xyA remains around 150 {\Omega}-1 cm-1, dominated by
the intrinsic mechanism. Combined with theoretical calculations, our results
indicate that the stable AHE under pressure in LiMn6Sn6 originates from the
robust electronic and magnetic structure.Comment: 11 pages 5 figure
How to evaluate ex ante impact? An analysis of reviewers’ comments on impact statements in grant applications
Impact statements are increasingly required and assessed in grant applications. In this study, we used content analysis to examine the ‘comments on impact’ section of the postal reviews and related documents of Science Foundation Ireland’s Investigators’ Programme to understand reviewers’ ex ante impact assessment. We found three key patterns: (1) reviewers favoured short-term, tangible impacts, particularly commercial ones; (2) reviewers commented on process-oriented impact (formative) in a more concrete and elaborate manner than on outcome-oriented impact (summative); and (3) topics related to scientific impacts were widely discussed even though the impact section was to be used for evaluating economic and societal impacts. We conclude that for ex ante impact assessment to be effective, funding agencies should indicate the types of impact expected from research proposals clearly instead of a general ‘wish list’ and that more focus should be put on process-oriented impact than outcome-oriented impact.Science Foundation Irelan