Adubo de liberação lenta na produção de mudas de mamoeiro Controlled-release fertilizer in papaya seedlings production

O objetivo deste trabalho foi definir as doses adequadas de um adubo de liberação lenta para a produção de mudas dos principais genótipos de mamoeiro cultivados no Estado do Espírito Santo. O experimento foi realizado em estufa agrícola, na Empresa Caliman Agrícola S.A., em Linhares-ES, sob delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5x6. Foram avaliados cinco genótipos de mamoeiro 'Golden', 'Calimosa', 'Tainung 01', 'INCAPER 09' e 'INCAPER 39', cultivados em substrato comercial fertilizado com seis doses de um adubo de liberação lenta, fórmula NPK + (Mg) 13-06-16 + (1,4): 0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 e 12,5 kg m-3. Houve diferenças no crescimento e no estado nutricional das mudas de mamoeiro em relação ao genótipo e às doses do adubo de liberação lenta utilizados. As doses do adubo que proporcionaram os maiores valores para altura e massa seca total das mudas de mamoeiro foram: 11,2 e 11,3 kg m-3 para o 'Golden'; 7,7 e 7,9 kg m-3 para o 'Calimosa'; 11,6 e 10,9 kg m-3 para o 'Tainung 01'; 10,5 e 10,6 kg m-3 para o 'INCAPER 09', e 11,0 e 9,6 kg m-3 para o 'INCAPER 39', respectivamente. Nessas mesmas doses do adubo, as mudas apresentaram adequado nível nutricional.The objective of this work was to define the appropriate doses of a controlled-release fertilizer to production of papaya seedlings, in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. The research was realized in greenhouse in Caliman Agricola Company, Linhares- ES, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block in a factorial scheme 5x6. It was evaluated five papaya genotypes 'Golden', 'Calimosa', 'Tainung 01', 'INCAPER 09' and 'INCAPER 39', cultivated in commercial substrate (constituted of pinus bark and vermiculite) fertilized with six doses of controlled-release fertilizer formula NPK + (Mg) 13-06-16 + (1.4): 0.0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5; 10.0 and 12.5 kg m-3. Differences in growth and nutritional status of papaya seedlings were observed according to the genotype and the dose of controlled-release fertilizer used. The highest values for height and total dry matter of papaya seedlings occurred with the doses: 11.2 and 11.3 kg m-3 for 'Golden'; 7.7 and 7.9 kg m-3 for 'Calimosa'; 11.6 and 10.9 kg m-3 the 'Tainung 01'; 10.5 and 10.6 kg m-3 for 'INCAPER 09' and 11.0 and 9.6 kg m-3 for 'INCAPER 39', respectively. In the same doses the papaya seedlings showed adequate levels of nutrients

Optimal plot size in the evaluation of papaya scions: proposal and comparison of methods

ABSTRACT Evaluating the quality of scions is extremely important and it can be done by characteristics of shoots and roots. This experiment evaluated height of the aerial part, stem diameter, number of leaves, petiole length and length of roots of papaya seedlings. Analyses were performed from a blank trial with 240 seedlings of "Golden Pecíolo Curto". The determination of the optimum plot size was done by applying the methods of maximum curvature, maximum curvature of coefficient of variation and a new proposed method, which incorporates the bootstrap resampling simulation to the maximum curvature method. According to the results obtained, five is the optimal number of seedlings of papaya "Golden Pecíolo Curto" per plot. The proposed method of bootstrap simulation with replacement provides optimal plot sizes equal or higher than the maximum curvature method and provides same plot size than maximum curvature method of the coefficient of variation

OPTIMUM PLOT SIZE AND NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS IN PAPAYA FIELD EXPERIMENT

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate the optimum plot size and number of replications in papaya field experiments. Eleven variables were evaluated in four cultivars of papaya with planting in different seasons between 2011 and 2013 in the north of the Espírito Santo state. Analysis were made from blank test applied to 240 selected for planting season and cultivate plants in commercial fields. The determination of optimum plot size was performed by applying the methodologies of modified maximum curvature and maximum curvature of coefficient of variation. The determination of the number of repetitions was taken from the least significant difference in average 20% and 30%. The optimum plot size proved the same by the two methods studied for most evaluations. The optimum size required differs among cultivars, between variables and between planting seasons, with the largest number of plants was required for the variables number of fruits per plant and yield per plant. We conclude that the optimal number of papaya plants planted in the field is six plants per plot using three replications

Optimal plot size in the evaluation of papaya scions: proposal and comparison of methods

ABSTRACT Evaluating the quality of scions is extremely important and it can be done by characteristics of shoots and roots. This experiment evaluated height of the aerial part, stem diameter, number of leaves, petiole length and length of roots of papaya seedlings. Analyses were performed from a blank trial with 240 seedlings of "Golden Pecíolo Curto". The determination of the optimum plot size was done by applying the methods of maximum curvature, maximum curvature of coefficient of variation and a new proposed method, which incorporates the bootstrap resampling simulation to the maximum curvature method. According to the results obtained, five is the optimal number of seedlings of papaya "Golden Pecíolo Curto" per plot. The proposed method of bootstrap simulation with replacement provides optimal plot sizes equal or higher than the maximum curvature method and provides same plot size than maximum curvature method of the coefficient of variation

Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya

The objective of this work was to study the distribution of values of the coefficient of variation (CV) in the experiments of papaya crop (Carica papaya L.) by proposing ranges to guide researchers in their evaluation for different characters in the field. The data used in this study were obtained by bibliographical review in Brazilian journals, dissertations and thesis. This study considered the following characters: diameter of the stalk, insertion height of the first fruit, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit biomass, fruit length, equatorial diameter of the fruit, pulp thickness, fruit firmness, soluble solids and internal cavity diameter, from which, value ranges were obtained for the CV values for each character, based on the methodology proposed by Garcia, Costa and by the standard classification of Pimentel-Gomes. The results obtained in this study indicated that ranges of CV values were different among various characters, presenting a large variation, which justifies the necessity of using specific evaluation range for each character. In addition, the use of classification ranges obtained from methodology of Costa is recommended.Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a distribuição dos valores de coeficiente de variação (CV) de experimentos com a cultura do mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.), propondo faixas que orientem os pesquisadores na avaliação de seus estudos para diferentes caracteres a campo. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos por revisão bibliográfica em periódicos, dissertações e teses nacionais. Foram considerados os caracteres diâmetro do caule, altura de inserção do primeiro fruto, altura da planta, número de frutos por planta, biomassa de frutos, comprimento de fruto, diâmetro equatorial de fruto, espessura de polpa, firmeza de fruto, sólidos solúveis e diâmetro da cavidade interna, dos quais foram obtidas faixas de valores de CV para cada caractere com base nas metodologias propostas por Garcia, por Costa, e na classificação padrão de Pimentel-Gomes. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que faixas de valores de CV diferiram entre as diversos caracteres apresentando ampla variação, justificando a necessidade de utilizar faixa de avaliação específica para cada caractere e, que se recomenda o uso das faixas de classificação obtidas a partir da metodologia de Costa

Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to study the distribution of values of the coefficient of variation (CV) in the experiments of papaya crop (Carica papaya L.) by proposing ranges to guide researchers in their evaluation for different characters in the field. The data used in this study were obtained by bibliographical review in Brazilian journals, dissertations and thesis. This study considered the following characters: diameter of the stalk, insertion height of the first fruit, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit biomass, fruit length, equatorial diameter of the fruit, pulp thickness, fruit firmness, soluble solids and internal cavity diameter, from which, value ranges were obtained for the CV values for each character, based on the methodology proposed by Garcia, Costa and by the standard classification of Pimentel-Gomes. The results obtained in this study indicated that ranges of CV values were different among various characters, presenting a large variation, which justifies the necessity of using specific evaluation range for each character. In addition, the use of classification ranges obtained from methodology of Costa is recommended

Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya Comparação de metodologias para classificação do coeficiente de variação em mamoeiro Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya

ABSTRACT RESUMO Comparison of methods for classification of the coefficient of variation in papaya 1 The objective of this work was to study the distribution of values of the coefficient of variation (CV) in the experiments of papaya crop (Carica papaya L.) by proposing ranges to guide researchers in their evaluation for different characters in the field. The data used in this study were obtained by bibliographical review in Brazilian journals, dissertations and thesis. This study considered the following characters: diameter of the stalk, insertion height of the first fruit, plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit biomass, fruit length, equatorial diameter of the fruit, pulp thickness, fruit firmness, soluble solids and internal cavity diameter, from which, value ranges were obtained for the CV values for each character, based on the methodology proposed by Garcia, Costa and by the standard classification of Pimentel-Gomes. The results obtained in this study indicated that ranges of CV values were different among various characters, presenting a large variation, which justifies the necessity of using specific evaluation range for each character. In addition, the use of classification ranges obtained from methodology of Costa is recommended. Comparação de metodologias para classificação do coeficiente de variação em mamoeiro Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a distribuição dos valores de coeficiente de variação (CV) de experimentos com a cultura do mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.), propondo faixas que orientem os pesquisadores na avaliação de seus estudos para diferentes caracteres a campo. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos por revisão bibliográfica em periódicos, dissertações e teses nacionais. Foram considerados os caracteres diâmetro do caule, altura de inserção do primeiro fruto, altura da planta, número de frutos por planta, biomassa de frutos, comprimento de fruto, diâmetro equatorial de fruto, espessura de polpa, firmeza de fruto, sólidos solúveis e diâmetro da cavidade interna, dos quais foram obtidas faixas de valores de CV para cada caractere com base nas metodologias propostas por Garcia, por Costa, e na classificação padrão de Pimentel-Gomes. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que faixas de valores de CV diferiram entre as diversos caracteres apresentando ampla variação, justificando a necessidade de utilizar faixa de avaliação específica para cada caractere e, que se recomenda o uso das faixas de classificação obtidas a partir da metodologia de Costa. Palavras-chaves: Carica papaya L., experimentação, precisão experimental