Iconography of Roman Coins during the Age of Constantinian Dynasty

(in English) The Roman coins minted during the reign of Constantinian Dynasty form remarkable and unique group by their motives. The aim of this work is to define and describe the motifs used on Roman coins in this period, classify the individual image groups and interpret their significance in terms of state propaganda. This work also notes the relationship between the coin images and transcriptions, the use of the mint marks as a part of the image content, and describes the relations between the coin images and contemporary sociopolitical phenomena and events

Additional file 7: Table S2. of Development of 5‘ LTR DNA methylation of latent HIV-1 provirus in cell line models and in long-term-infected individuals

HIV-1-infected patients treated for long-term. (PDF 166 kb

Additional file 9: Table S3. of Development of 5‘ LTR DNA methylation of latent HIV-1 provirus in cell line models and in long-term-infected individuals

Primers used for qPCR reactions. (PDF 167 kb

Additional file 10: Table S4. of Development of 5‘ LTR DNA methylation of latent HIV-1 provirus in cell line models and in long-term-infected individuals

Primers used for bisulfite-specific PCR reactions. (PDF 141 kb

Rate of viral rebound according to specific drugs in the regimen in 2120 patients with HIV suppression

Background: It is currently unclear whether the tendency for viral rebound in patients with viral load 400 copies/ml) was 4.9/100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.0–5.8] for patients who were naive pre-HAART and 8.0/100 person-years (95% CI, 7.0–9.0) for those who were experienced with nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) pre-HAART. The rate of rebound was significantly higher in those taking nelfinavir than in those taking efavirenz, both in patients who were naive pre-HAART and those who were NRTI experienced [adjusted rate ratios, 2.83 (95% CI, 1.51–5.31) and 2.86 (95% CI, 1.65–5.00), respectively]. Among patients who were naive pre-HAART, those on abacavir had no evidence of a raised risk of viral rebound (adjusted rate ratio 1.17; 95% CI, 0.51–2.69), but in those with pre-HAART NRTI experience the rate was markedly raised (adjusted rate ratio, 4.48; 95% CI, 2.51–8.00). A similar picture was seen when comparing those on nevirapine with those on efavirenz, although the elevated rate ratio in pre-HAART experienced patients was of lower magnitude (adjusted rate ratio, 1.93). There was no strong evidence that rebound rates differed significantly for any NRTI pairs compared with zidovudine/lamivudine. Conclusion: Viral rebound rates in patients who have attained < 50 copies/ml appear to differ according to the specific drugs being used

Other factors associated with fatal and non-fatal non-AIDS (only factors with p<0.1 are shown).

*<p>multivariable Poisson regression also adjusted for immune-virological discordance status, region of cohort, treatment naive/experienced, current or previous smoking, hepatitis B/C coinfection, transmission risk, race, sex, calendar year of baseline, number of treatment changes, diagnosis of hypertension, diagnosis of diabetes, diagnosis of impaired renal function, viral load at start of new regimen, time to viral suppression, and previous AIDS. CD4 count at baseline is not included in the model.</p>†<p>haemoglobin <14 mg/dl in males and <12 mg/dl in females.</p

Patient characteristics.

*<p>at start of new regimen.</p>†<p>at day of first viral suppression (baseline).</p>‡<p>diagnosis of insulin dependent diabetes at baseline or having previously started any antidiabetic treatment.</p>§<p>systolic/diastolic blood pressure> = 140/> = 90 mmHg mmHg at baseline or previous initiation of any antihypertensive treatment.</p>¶<p>haemoglobin <14 mg/dl in males and <12 mg/dl in females at baseline.</p>**<p>estimated Cockroft-Gault glomerular filtration rate <60 mg/dL/1.73 m² at baseline.</p

Multivariable Models with different endpoints and adjusted for demographic factors alone (model 1), demographic factors and baseline CD4 count (model 2), and demographic factors and current CD4 count (model 3).

*<p>Immuno-virological Discordance.</p>†<p>per 100 cells/µl higher.</p>‡<p>per log2 cells/µl higher.</p>§<p>multivariable Poisson regression also adjusted for age, sex, transmission risk, race, region of cohort, calendar year of baseline, treatment naive/experienced, current or previous smoking, hepatitis B/C coinfection, whether or not on triple ART, number of treatment changes, diagnosis of anaemia, hypertension, impaired renal function, viral load at start of new regimen, time to viral suppression, previous AIDS or non-AIDS event.</p