The expressive power of pooling in Graph Neural Networks

In Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), hierarchical pooling operators generate local summaries of the data by coarsening the graph structure and the vertex features. Considerable attention has been devoted to analyzing the expressive power of message-passing (MP) layers in GNNs, while a study on how graph pooling affects the expressiveness of a GNN is still lacking. Additionally, despite the recent advances in the design of pooling operators, there is not a principled criterion to compare them. In this work, we derive sufficient conditions for a pooling operator to fully preserve the expressive power of the MP layers before it. These conditions serve as a universal and theoretically-grounded criterion for choosing among existing pooling operators or designing new ones. Based on our theoretical findings, we analyze several existing pooling operators and identify those that fail to satisfy the expressiveness conditions. Finally, we introduce an experimental setup to verify empirically the expressive power of a GNN equipped with pooling layers, in terms of its capability to perform a graph isomorphism test

Frequency of Anemia in the Patients of a Family Health Team in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

Anemia is a clinical manifestation with high prevalence in the world, reaching about 30% of the total inhabitants of the planet. It is responsible for a great reduction in quality of life of affected people. The present paper aimed to obtain the frequency of anemia in the blood counts of a sample from the population of registered patients of a Family Health Team in Dourados, MS, Brazil. 462 patients, who had blood counts done from February 2008 to March 2009, were included in this research. The frequency of anemia was 22.7% in the studied population, including all age groups

Approximate Bayesian Inference for Smoking Habit Dynamics in Tuscany

Smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer, as well as for many other chronic diseases, and understanding smoking habits is essential to evaluate and compare tobacco control policies. We developed a compartmental model to describe the evolution of smoking habits in Tuscany, a region of central Italy. Our model relies on flexible modelling of age and sex-dependent probabilities of starting, quitting, and relapsing from smoking. Furthermore, we considered smoking intensity as a risk factor affecting mortality. The resulting model has an intractable likelihood function, so we used Approximate Bayesian Computation, a powerful simulation-based inference method, to provide posterior estimates of the model’s parameters. Using these approximate posterior distributions, we predicted the prevalence of current, former, and never smokers in Tuscany up to 2043. The model results suggest that the prevalence of smokers will decrease over time

Implementarea unei politici de securitate eficiente

Securitatea sistemelor informaţionale reprezintă un proces complex, dependent de o mulţime de factori interni sau externi de care este influenţată în mod direct. Iată de ce adoptarea unei politici de securitate ce va corespunde sistemului vizat este vitală. Păstrarea integrităţii, confidenţialităţii şi disponibilităţii informaţiilor revine ca sarcină importantă managementului sistemului informaţional, iar asta depinde de politica de securitate adoptată şi de modul în care este implementată. Politicile de securitate vor dicta cerinţele de bază şi obiectivele pe care trebuie să le îndeplinească o tehnologie şi va trebui să asigure: continuitatea afacerii şi protecţia informaţiilor confidenţiale

Network analysis

Packet sniffer’s, are protocol analyzers meant to capture the packets that are seen by a machine’s network interface. When a sniffer runs on a system, it grabs all the packets that come into and goes out of the Network Interface Card (NIC) of the machine on which the sniffer is installed. This means that, if the NIC is set to the promiscuous mode, then it will receive all the packets sent to the network if that network is connected by a hub. Fortunately, in a switched network, since switches do not broadcast the packets, sniffers cannot see any packet that is not having the destination address of the machine on which it is installed. A network analyzer can be a standalone hardware device with specialized software, or software that is installed on a desktop or laptop computer. Network analyzer is a tool, and like all tools, it can be used for both good and bad purposes

Analizar los procesos de participación democrática y de diálogo social entre actores del sistema educativo universitario de Aragón (España)

La estancia ha permitido evaluar la realidad del diálogo social existente entre los actores universitarios (docentes e investigadores, estudiantes, funcionarios y personal de servicio) de la Universidad de Zaragoza (España). En esta casa de estudios, desde hace más de una década, rige un diálogo social y una concertación permanente donde todas las decisiones son tomadas con el acuerdo unánime de los actores de la comunidad educativa. Esta situación ha determinado el fin de la conflictividad docentes-estudiantes, y está permitiendo un desarrollo armónico y compartido entre todos los componentes de la universidad, mejorando inclusive la calidad académica. Este estudio será el primero de una serie de cuatro que buscarán evaluar de forma comparativa cómo en diferentes países se impulsa el autogobierno colegiado de la Universidad.CONACYT – Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Aspectos neuropsiquiátricos na Síndrome de Down

Orientador: Isac BruckCo-orientador: Sérgio Antônio AntoniukMonografia (especialização) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Especialização em Neurologia PediátricaInclui referênciasResumo: A Síndrome de Down causada pela trissomia do cromossomo 21 é a causa mais comum de deficiência mental. O transtorno do comportamento tem causa multifatorial na Síndrome de Down sendo que a conformação cerebral diferenciada é um dos principais predisponentes de algum distúrbio comportamental. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer os aspectos biopsicossociais dos pacientes do Ambulatório da Síndrome de Down da Universidade Federal do Paraná, além de levantar as potenciais causas predisponentes de transtornos de comportamento nessa clientela. Foram entrevistadas 89 familiares de pacientes entre um e dezoito anos de idade no período de fevereiro a maio de 2011. 63% dos pacientes pertencem ao sexo masculino, a média de idade é de 7,2 anos. As mães em sua maioria são jovens com idade entre 30-40 anos, estudaram aproximadamente 9 anos e o pai está presente no lar. Conclui-se que crianças com Síndrome de Down possuem mais sintomas externalizantes como oposição, teimosia, desatenção, enquanto que nos adolescentes com Síndrome de Down prevalecem os sintomas Internalizantes como isolamento, afastamento e retraimento.Abstract: Down’s syndrome caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 is the most common cause of mental retardation. Behavioral disorders are caused by multiple factors in Down syndrome and the different conformation of the brain is a major predisposing of some behavioral disorder. This study aims to understand the biopsychosocial aspects of the patients in the Down Syndrome Clinic at the Federal University of Paraná, besides raising the potential predisposing causes of disruptive behavior in this clientele. We interviewed 89 relatives of patients between one and eighteen years of age in the period from February to May 2011. 63% of patients were males, average age is 7,2 years. The mothers are mostly young people aged 30-40 years, studied about 9 years and the father is present at home. We conclude that children with Down syndrome have more externalizing symptoms as opposition, stubbornness, neglect, while in adolescents with Down syndrome are prevalent internalizing symptoms such as isolation, alienation and withdrawal

O curso de História da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados: desde os primórdios até os dias atuais (aspectos, fatos, memória...)

Trata-se da primeira parte de um projeto que tem por finalidade narrar os acontecimentos mais importantes relacionados ao Curso de História da UFGD desde a sua criação em 1972 até os dias atuais. Essa primeira parte abrange até o ano de 1977