The effectiveness of mHealth interventions for maternal, newborn and child health in low- and middle-income countries:Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rates of maternal, newborn and child (MNCH) mortality and morbidity are vastly greater in low– than in high–income countries and represent a major source of global health inequity. A host of systemic, economic, geopolitical and sociocultural factors have been implicated. Mobile information and communication technologies hold potential to ameliorate several of these challenges by supporting coordinated and evidence–based care, facilitating community based health services and enabling citizens to access health information and support. mHealth has attracted considerable attention as a means of supporting maternal, newborn and child health in developing countries and research to assess the impacts of mHealth interventions is increasing. While a number of expert reviews have attempted to summarise this literature, there remains a need for a fully systematic review employing gold standard methods of evidence capture, critical appraisal and meta–analysis, in order to comprehensively map, quality assess and synthesise this body of knowledge

Prioritising the care of critically ill children: a pilot study using SCREEN reduces clinic waiting times

Objective In low-resource settings, childhood mortality secondary to delays in triage and treatment remains high. This paper seeks to evaluate the impact of the novel Sick Children Require Emergency Evaluation Now (SCREEN) tool on the waiting times of critically ill children who present for care to primary healthcare clinics in Cape Town, South Africa. Methods We used a pre/postevaluation study design to calculate the median waiting times of all children who presented to four randomly chosen clinics for 5 days before, and 5 days after, the implementation of SCREEN. Findings The SCREEN programme resulted in statistical and clinically significant reductions in waiting times for children with critical illness to see a professional nurse (2 hours 45 min to 1 hour 12 min; p<0.001). There was also a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of children who left without being seen by a professional nurse (25.8% to 18.48%; p<0.001). Conclusions SCREEN is a novel programme that uses readily available laypersons, trained to make a subjective assessment of children arriving at primary healthcare centres, and provides a low cost, simple methodology to prioritise children and reduce waiting times in low-resource healthcare clinics

Applying the Food Multimix concept for sustainable and nutritious diets

Background: Despite a rich and diverse ecosystem and biodiversity, worldwide, more than 2 billion people suffer from micronutrient malnutrition or hidden hunger. Of major concern are a degradation of our ecosystems and agricultural systems which are thought to be unsustainable thereby posing a challenge for the future food and nutrition security. Despite these challenges, nutrition security and ensuring well balanced diets depend on sound knowledge and appropriate food choices in a complex world of plenty and want. We have previously reported on how the food multimix (FMM) concept, a food-based and dietary diversification approach can be applied to meeting energy and micronutrient needs of vulnerable groups through an empirical process. Our objective in this article is to examine how the concept can be applied to improve nutrition in a sustainable way in otherwise poor and hard-to-reach communities. We have reviewed over 100 FMM food recipes formulated from combinations of commonly consumed traditional candidate food ingredients; on average five per recipe, and packaged as per 100 g powders from different countries including Ghana, Kenya, Botswana, Zimbabawe and Southern Africa, India, Mexico, Malaysia and United Kingdom; and for different age groups and conditions such as older infants and young children, pregnant women, HIV patients, diabetes and for nutrition rehabilitation. Candidate foods were examined for their nutrient strengths and nutrient content and nutrient density of recipes per 100 g were compared to reference nutrient intakes (RNIs) for the different population groups. We report on the nutrient profiles from our analysis of the pooled and age-matched data as well as sensory analysis and conclude that locally produced FMM foods can complement local diets and contribute significantly to meeting nutrient needs among vulnerable groups in food-insecure environments. Key words: food multimix, candidate foods, sustainable, food security, resource-poor, nutrition interventions

A systematic review of the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus in Africa

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) infection is a newly recognized serious threat to global public health and Africa is suspected to be among the most severely affected regions in the world. Understanding HEV epidemiology in Africa will expedite the implementation of evidence-based control policies aimed at preventing the spread of HEV including policies for the use of available resources such as HEV vaccines. METHODS: Here we present a comprehensive review of HEV epidemiology in Africa based on published data. We searched for articles on HEV epidemiology in Africa from online databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science and critically reviewed appropriate publications to extract consistent findings, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest future studies. RESULTS: Taking a particularly high toll in pregnant women and their fetuses, HEV has infected human populations in 28 of 56 African countries. Since 1979, 17 HEV outbreaks have been reported about once every other year from Africa causing a reported 35,300 cases with 650 deaths. CONCLUSIONS: In Africa, HEV infection is not new, is widespread, and the number of reported outbreaks are likely a significant underestimate. The authors suggest that this is a continent-wide public health problem that deserves the attention of local, regional and international agencies to implement control policies that can save numerous lives, especially those of pregnant women and their fetuses

Making mHealth Work for All

Rapid Response BriefingInformation and Communication technologies (ICTs) are going to have a major impact on health and health systems in the near future. To ensure that everyone (including the very poor) benefits from this new technology, it is vital that those designing new technologies, people responsible for health systems and social researchers come together to explore the opportunities and potential challenges, especially for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs)

Kôm Ombo

1. Problématique et bilan des principaux résultats La mission poursuit les travaux épigraphiques qui avaient été interrompus par le décès d’Adolphe Gutbub. Actuellement, un volume est en préparation, consacré à la petite salle hypostyle (PM VI, 186, salle B), dont la couverture photographique est confiée à Gaël Pollin. Au projet épigraphique relancé en 2010 s’ajoutent à présent deux points : construire, à la demande du ministère des Antiquités (MoA), des socles destinés à exposer les blocs re..

Discours identitaires et investissement émotionnel : dire l’altérité dans les forums de discussion

Notre contribution propose une pluralité d’éclairages concernant des forums de discussion ancrés en France et mettant en jeu la notion d’identité culturelle au sein de l’Europe. Notre analyse discursive s’intéresse aux aspects linguistiques et aux questionnements identitaires suscités non seulement par la verbalisation de points de vue contradictoires mais aussi la mise en scène d’émotions, voire de passions, passant par une communication singulière qui joue notamment sur des effets de visualisation. Nous avons sélectionné pour corpus des forums de discussion ayant des thématiques et des exigences de modération variées, concernant d’une part l’éventuelle entrée de la Turquie dans l’Union européenne et d’autre part l’hypothétique rattachement de la Wallonie à la France en cas de scission de la part de la Flandre, problématiques qui ont régulièrement agité les opinions publiques française et européenne dans les années 2000. Nous nous interrogeons sur l’utilisation du français sous une forme écrite comportant des caractéristiques d’oralité génériques et sur les frontières entre oralité et scripturalité dans ces échanges interpersonnels ainsi que sur les liens entre contrôle linguistique et contrôle émotionnel. Notre objectif est d’analyser non seulement les ressorts langagiers et paraverbaux de cette communication multidimensionnelle mais également d’en saisir les multiples enjeux à travers une grille de lecture des productions de sens ainsi activées.The aim of this paper is to explore several online forums hosted in France and dealing with cultural identity in Europe. Our discourse analysis focuses on linguistic aspects and identity questioning brought out by the verbalization of contradictory points of view and the public display of strong emotions. We are interested in a particular type of communication which uses specific visual images. The online forums we have chosen to explore deal with various topics and have their own internal rules of regulation but their common theme is the possible integration of Turkey into the European Union or, alternatively, the hypothesis of Wallonia becoming part of France in case of a separation from Flanders. Both issues were often debated in France and Europe at the beginning of this century. Our focus of interest is French written language pervaded with oral characteristics. We tackle the notion of boundary between speaking and writing in the interpersonal online discussions and study the link between linguistic control and emotional control. We aim not only at exploring the verbal and paraverbal parameters of this multidimensional communication but also try to better understand the meanings within this multi layered process

Kôm Ombo (2023)

Donnée scientifiques produites :https://www.ifao.egnet.net/archeologie/kom-ombo/En raison de sa nomination à la tête du Musée égyptien du Caire, le Prof. Ali AbdelHalim Ali n’a pas pu participer à la mission 2023.L’équipe scientifique était secondée dans les travaux de terrain et à la maison de fouille par Ahmed Ragab (responsable de l’intendance), Ashraf Zawan Mahmoud (raïs), Ihab Awad Mohamed et Amer Hasan Metwally Abd Allah (cuisiniers), et les ouvriers spécialisés Waleed Mohamad Yousef, ..

Maurice Tournier, Des sources du sens. Propos d’étymologie sociale 3

Après Des mots sur la grève. Propos d’étymologie sociale 1 (première édition : 1993) et Des mots en politique. Propos d’étymologie sociale 2 (première édition : 1997), Maurice Tournier poursuit son exploration linguistique de la signification en réunissant une série d’analyses denses et passionnantes mettant en valeur les sources sociohistoriques et / ou textuelles du sens. Des sources du sens. Propos d’étymologie sociale 3 se présente en effet comme un recueil de 22 contributions, publiées p..