24 research outputs found
Ăvaluation de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle dâĂ©lĂšves franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois de 1re et 2e annĂ©e du primaire
Contexte. Au QuĂ©bec, les difficultĂ©s dâĂ©criture manuelle et leur impact fonctionnel constituent le principal motif de rĂ©fĂ©rence en ergothĂ©rapie pour les enfants en milieu scolaire. Pour Ă©valuer le rendement de lâĂ©criture manuelle, plusieurs critĂšres peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s, tels que la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ©. Toutefois, aucune valeur de rĂ©fĂ©rence nâexiste pour situer et comparer correctement la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle auprĂšs dâenfants franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois.
Objectif. LâĂ©tude visait Ă dĂ©velopper un guide dâĂ©valuation de la lisibilitĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle, Ă dĂ©terminer des valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© pour des enfants francophones et Ă comparer les scores entre les filles et les garçons.
MĂ©thodologie. Il sâagit dâune analyse secondaire de donnĂ©es provenant dâune Ă©tude descriptive transversale rĂ©alisĂ©e auprĂšs dâĂ©lĂšves de 1re et de 2e annĂ©e du primaire. Les valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©es Ă partir dâĂ©chantillons provenant de tĂąches en copie de prĂšs et Ă lâaide du guide dĂ©veloppĂ© dans la prĂ©sente Ă©tude.
RĂ©sultats. Les critĂšres du guide dâĂ©valuation de la lisibilitĂ© offrent une excellente fidĂ©litĂ© inter-juges pour la 1re annĂ©e du primaire et une bonne fidĂ©litĂ© interjuges pour la 2e annĂ©e. De plus, des valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence ont Ă©tĂ© obtenues pour la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ©. Une diffĂ©rence significative entre les scores de lisibilitĂ© des filles et des garçons de 2e annĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© relevĂ©e.
ConsĂ©quences. Le guide dâĂ©valuation et les valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence amĂ©liorent la rigueur de lâĂ©valuation ergothĂ©rapique de lâĂ©criture manuelle des enfants franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois, et ce, grĂące Ă des critĂšres observables et mesurables bien dĂ©finis.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Background. In Quebec, handwriting difficulties and their functional impacts are the main reason for referral of children to occupational therapy for children in school settings. To evaluate handwriting performance, several criteria can be used such as legibility and accuracy. However, there are no norms to properly compare handwriting legibility and accuracy among French-speaking children in Québec.
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to develop a handwriting legibility assessment guide, to develop norms for legibility and accuracy for francophone children, and to compare scores between boys and girls.
Methods. This is a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional descriptive study of grade 1 and grade 2 students. Norms for legibility and accuracy were calculated from close-copy tasks samples and using the guide developed in this study.
Findings. The criteria used in the handwriting legibility assessment guide offer excellent inter-rater reliability for grade 1 students and good inter-rater reliability for grade 2 students. Norms were also obtained for legibility and fluency. There was a significant difference between the legibility score of grade 2 boys and girls.
Consequences. The assessment guide and norms increase the rigour of the occupational therapy evaluation of handwriting for Quebec francophone children, using well-defined observable and measurable criteria
Ăvaluation de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle dâĂ©lĂšves franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois de 1re et 2e annĂ©e du primaire
Contexte. Au QuĂ©bec, les difficultĂ©s dâĂ©criture manuelle et leur impact fonctionnel constituent le principal motif de rĂ©fĂ©rence en ergothĂ©rapie pour les enfants en milieu scolaire. Pour Ă©valuer le rendement de lâĂ©criture manuelle, plusieurs critĂšres peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s, tels que la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ©. Toutefois, aucune valeur de rĂ©fĂ©rence nâexiste pour situer et comparer correctement la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle auprĂšs dâenfants franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois.
Objectif. LâĂ©tude visait Ă dĂ©velopper un guide dâĂ©valuation de la lisibilitĂ© de lâĂ©criture manuelle, Ă dĂ©terminer des valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© pour des enfants francophones et Ă comparer les scores entre les filles et les garçons.
MĂ©thodologie. Il sâagit dâune analyse secondaire de donnĂ©es provenant dâune Ă©tude descriptive transversale rĂ©alisĂ©e auprĂšs dâĂ©lĂšves de 1re et de 2e annĂ©e du primaire. Les valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence de la lisibilitĂ© et de la fluiditĂ© ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©es Ă partir dâĂ©chantillons provenant de tĂąches en copie de prĂšs et Ă lâaide du guide dĂ©veloppĂ© dans la prĂ©sente Ă©tude.
RĂ©sultats. Les critĂšres du guide dâĂ©valuation de la lisibilitĂ© offrent une excellente fidĂ©litĂ© inter-juges pour la 1re annĂ©e du primaire et une bonne fidĂ©litĂ© interjuges pour la 2e annĂ©e. De plus, des valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence ont Ă©tĂ© obtenues pour la lisibilitĂ© et la fluiditĂ©. Une diffĂ©rence significative entre les scores de lisibilitĂ© des filles et des garçons de 2e annĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© relevĂ©e.
ConsĂ©quences. Le guide dâĂ©valuation et les valeurs de rĂ©fĂ©rence amĂ©liorent la rigueur de lâĂ©valuation ergothĂ©rapique de lâĂ©criture manuelle des enfants franco-quĂ©bĂ©cois, et ce, grĂące Ă des critĂšres observables et mesurables bien dĂ©finis.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Background. In Quebec, handwriting difficulties and their functional impacts are the main reason for referral of children to occupational therapy for children in school settings. To evaluate handwriting performance, several criteria can be used such as legibility and accuracy. However, there are no norms to properly compare handwriting legibility and accuracy among French-speaking children in Québec.
Purpose. The purpose of the study was to develop a handwriting legibility assessment guide, to develop norms for legibility and accuracy for francophone children, and to compare scores between boys and girls.
Methods. This is a secondary analysis of data from a cross-sectional descriptive study of grade 1 and grade 2 students. Norms for legibility and accuracy were calculated from close-copy tasks samples and using the guide developed in this study.
Findings. The criteria used in the handwriting legibility assessment guide offer excellent inter-rater reliability for grade 1 students and good inter-rater reliability for grade 2 students. Norms were also obtained for legibility and fluency. There was a significant difference between the legibility score of grade 2 boys and girls.
Consequences. The assessment guide and norms increase the rigour of the occupational therapy evaluation of handwriting for Quebec francophone children, using well-defined observable and measurable criteria
Generation of Powerful Tungsten Reductants by Visible Light Excitation
The homoleptic arylisocyanide tungsten complexes, W(CNXy)_6 and W(CNIph)_6 (Xy = 2,6-dimethylphenyl, Iph = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), display intense metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorptions in the visible region (400â550 nm). MLCT emission (λ_max â 580 nm) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution at rt is observed for W(CNXy)6 and W(CNIph)_6 with lifetimes of 17 and 73 ns, respectively. Diffusion-controlled energy transfer from electronically excited W(CNIph)_6 (*W) to the lowest energy triplet excited state of anthracene (anth) is the dominant quenching pathway in THF solution. Introduction of tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate, [Bun4N][PF_6], to the THF solution promotes formation of electron transfer (ET) quenching products, [W(CNIph)6]+ and [anth]^âąâ. ET from *W to benzophenone and cobalticenium also is observed in [Bun4N][PF6]/THF solutions. The estimated reduction potential for the [W(CNIph)6]^(+)/*W couple is â2.8 V vs Cp_(2)Fe^(+/0), establishing W(CNIph)_6 as one of the most powerful photoreductants that has been generated with visible light
Triphenylsulfonium topophotochemistry
The products from the 193 nm irradiation of triphenylsulfonium nonaflate (TPS) embedded in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film have been characterized. The analysis of the photoproduct formation was performed using chromatographic techniques including HPLC, GPC and GC-MS as well as UV-vis and NMR spectroscopic methods. Two previously unreported TPS photoproducts, triphenylene and dibenzothiophene, were detected; additionally, GPC and DOSY-NMR spectroscopic analyses after irradiation suggested that TPS fragments had been incorporated into the polymer film. The irradiation of acetonitrile solutions containing 10% w/v PMMA and 1% w/v TPS in a 1 cm-path-length cuvette showed only a trace amount of triphenylene or dibenzothiophene, indicating that topochemical factors were important for the formation of these molecules. The accumulated evidence indicates that both products were formed by in-cage, secondary photochemical reactions: 2-(phenylthio)biphenyl to triphenylene, and diphenylsulfide to dibenzothiophene
Triphenylsulfonium topophotochemistry
The products from the 193 nm irradiation of triphenylsulfonium nonaflate (TPS) embedded in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) film have been characterized. The analysis of the photoproduct formation was performed using chromatographic techniques including HPLC, GPC and GC-MS as well as UV-vis and NMR spectroscopic methods. Two previously unreported TPS photoproducts, triphenylene and dibenzothiophene, were detected; additionally, GPC and DOSY-NMR spectroscopic analyses after irradiation suggested that TPS fragments had been incorporated into the polymer film. The irradiation of acetonitrile solutions containing 10% w/v PMMA and 1% w/v TPS in a 1 cm-path-length cuvette showed only a trace amount of triphenylene or dibenzothiophene, indicating that topochemical factors were important for the formation of these molecules. The accumulated evidence indicates that both products were formed by in-cage, secondary photochemical reactions: 2-(phenylthio)biphenyl to triphenylene, and diphenylsulfide to dibenzothiophene
Passages insolites : Le parcours d'art public à Québec
" Presented by the Ville de Québec and EXMURO arts publics and under the artistic direction of Vincent Roy, PASSAGES INSOLITES is a public art circuit that unveils each year new public artworks. Since 2014, the event walks off the beaten trails to offer unusual, surprising encounters and add a touch of Magic in the urban experience. " -- Publisher's website