7 research outputs found
Responses of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) on different wheat cultivars under laboratory conditions
Bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), a polyphagous species with a worldwide distribution, is an important pest of wheat as well as the main vector of barley yellow dwarf virus. The development, survivorship, and life table parameters of R.padi were evaluated in a growth chamber on seven wheat cultivars as follows: ACA 315, Baguette 12 P, BioInta 1002, BioInta 2004, Buck Meteoro, Klein Yarará and LE 2330 at controlled conditions (20±1°C; about 70% RH; 14h photophase). The development times of immatures ranged from 6.6 days on Buck Meteoro to 9.9 days on ACA315, whereas immature survival was 90 to 100%. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) for ACA 315, Baguette 12 P and BioInta 2004 were the highest. Jackknife estimates of rm ranged from 0.327 to 0.204 females/female/day on BioInta 1002 and ACA315, respectively. The mean population generation times (T) on these hosts ranged from 10.91 to 19.66 days. The highest net reproductive rate (R0) were on BioInta 2004 (98.98 females/female/generation) and the lowest on BioInta 1002, Buck Meteoro, Klein Yarará and LE 233 (35.32 to 39.59). Because of the high coefficient of determination (pseudo-R2) values in Gompertz and Weibul models, survival data from different cultivars had a good fit to both models. The results pointed ACA 315, Baguette 12 P and partially BioInta 2004 as the least suitable host plants, indicating that they were the most resistant to R. padi among the cultivars we tested.Inst. de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola IMyZAFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Giudici, Albano Cesar. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Vasicek, Araceli. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: LĂłpez, MarĂa Carolina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Bainotti, Carlos Tomas. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentin
Effect of host plant on biology and life table parameters of Sipha maydis (Pass.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Sipha (Rugsia) maydis (Pass.) is an important pest of wheat and it has been reported throughout the Mediterranean region, into Central and South Asia, South Africa, South America and North America The development, survivorship, and life
table parameters of R. padi were evaluated in a growth chamber on seven wheat cultivars as follows: ACA 315, Baguette 12 P, BioINTA 1002, BioINTA 2004, Buck Meteoro, Klein Yarará and LE 2330 at controlled conditions (20±1°C; about 70% RH;
14 h photophase). The development time of immature stage was ca. 8-9 d on cv. ACA 315, BioINTA 1002, Buck Meteoro, Klein Yarará and LE 2330, while those on cvs BioINTA 2004 and Baguette 12 P was ca. 11-12 d. The immature survival
ranged from 90 to 100%. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) for ACA 315 and BioINTA 2004 were the highest. Jackknife estimates of rm on all cultivars ranged from 0.199 to 0.093 females/female/day on ACA 315 and LE 2330, respectively. The mean generation times (T) ranged from 22.82 d on Baguette 12 P to 15.09 d on Klein Yarará. The highest net reproductive rate (R0) were on ACA 315 and Baguette 12 P (59.80 and 53.25 females/female/generation, respectively). Because of the high coefficient of determination (pseudo-R2) values in Gompertz and Weibull models, survival data from different cultivars had a good fit to both models. The results pointed LE 2330, Klein Yarará and partially BioINTA 1002 as the least suitable host
plants, indicating that they were the most resistant to S. maydis among the cultivars tested.Inst. de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola IMyZAFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Giudici, Albano Cesar. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Vasicek, Araceli. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: LĂłpez, MarĂa Carolina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Bainotti, Carlos Tomas. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentin
Capacidad de las macrofitas Lemna minor y Eichhornia crassipes para eliminar el nĂquel
El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la capacidad de dos especies de macrofitas, Lemna minor y Eichhornia crassipes, para eliminar el nĂquel. Se realizaron cuatro tratamientos durante dos semanas para cada una de las especies. Las plantas fueron incubadas con 0, 1, 3 y 6 mg l-1 de Ni. Ambas especies mostraron, en todos los tratamientos con Ni, una reducciĂłn en la concentraciĂłn a lo largo del tiempo. L. minor mostrĂł ser más eficiente para remover este iĂłn a la más baja concentraciĂłn. Sin embargo, en concentraciones más elevadas no se observaron diferencias entre ambas especies. El análisis del tejido de las plantas mostrĂł que las mismas acumulaban el metal, en los tres casos evaluados con concentraciones diferentes.The aim of this work was to study the capacity of two macrophyte species, Lemna minor and Eichhornia
crassipes to remove nickel. Four treatments were carried out for two weeks with each species: plants were
either incubated with 0, 1, 3 and 6 mgl-1 de Ni. All treatments with both plants showed a decrease in Ni concentration over time. L. minor proved to be more efficient to remove the ion at the lowest concentration. At higher concentrations, however, no differences were observed between both species. The analysis of plant tissue showed that plants accumulated the metal at the three concentrations evaluated.Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcolaFil: Bres, Patricia Alina. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Crespo, Diana Elvira. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Rizzo, Pedro Federico. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; Argentin
Respuesta biolĂłgica y poblacional de Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) sobre ocho cultivares de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) en condiciones de laboratorio
El áfido Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) es una plaga clave en cultivos de cereales como el trigo en la Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la respuesta bio-demográfica del áfido sobre los cultivares de trigo ACA 315, Baguette Premium 11, BioInta 1002, BioInta 2004, Buck Meteoro, LE 2330, Klein Yarará y ColibrĂ, este Ăşltimo reconocido como susceptible. Los ensayos se realizaron en cámara climatizada a 20 ± 1ÂşC, 70% HR y 14:10 h (L:O). Se usaron plántulas de 3 hojas verdaderas, en potes plásticos con tierra estĂ©ril. Sobre las hojas, se colocaron individualmente hembras en jaulas de aplique a las que se dejĂł larviponer durante 24 h. Luego se retiraron todos los individuos dejando solo uno, reciĂ©n nacido; asĂ se obtuvieron cohortes de 40 ninfas coetáneas para cada cultivar en un total de 320 áfidos iniciales. Se registraron diariamente supervivencia, cambios de estadio y nĂşmero de crĂas una vez alcanzado el estado adulto. Con los datos de supervivencia diaria se construyeron los modelos de Gompertz y de Weibul. Se obtuvieron los parámetros biolĂłgicos y poblacionales que fueron comparados mediante ANOVA no paramĂ©trico de Kruskal- Wallis y comparaciones mĂşltiples, con α= 0,05. El perĂodo ninfal fue significativamente más largo sobre Baguette Premium 11 y BioInta 2004 (9,5 – 8,9 dĂas) mientras que en ColibrĂ y BioInta 1002 sĂłlo durĂł 5,66 – 5,42 dĂas. El perĂodo reproductivo durĂł más sobre ACA 315, Baguette Premium 11 y BioInta 2004 (40 – 28 dĂas) y alrededor de 5 dĂas en BioInta 1002, Buck Meteoro y Klein Yarará. La tasa reproductiva neta (R0) fue significativamente mayor sobre BioInta 2004 y ACA 315 (75,18 y 64,57 ♀♀/♀/generaciĂłn) respectivamente, sin embargo la tasa intrĂnseca de incremento (rm) fue significativamente más alta en ColibrĂ (0,279 ♀♀/♀/dĂa) por acusar menor tiempo generacional (13,1 dĂas). Debido a los altos valores de los coeficientes de determinaciĂłn (R2), las tasas de supervivencia diaria en los respectivos cultivares tuvieron un buen ajuste en los modelos de Gompertz y de Weibul. Las cohortes criadas sobre los cultivares de trigo ensayados, excepto ACA 315 y Klein Yarará, mostraron tasas de incremento significativamente más bajas indicando cierto nivel de resistencia respecto del cultivar susceptible ColibrĂ.The aphid, Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) is a key pest in cereal crops such as wheat in Argentina. The aim of this work was to analyze the biological and demographic response of the aphid on the wheat cultivars ACA 315, Baguette Premium 11, BioInta 1002, BioInta 2004, Buck Meteoro, LE 2330, Klein Yarará and ColibrĂ, the last one a priori recognized as susceptible. The bioassays were carried out in a growth chamber at 20 ± 1°C, 70% RH and 14:10 h L:D cycle. Seedlings of 3 true leaves, in plastic pots with sterile soil were used. On leaves, females were placed individually into clip cages to produce nymphs during 24 h. After this, all individuals were removed, leaving only one, newborn; thus, cohorts of 40 coetaneous nymphs for each cultivar totalizing 320 initial aphids. Survivorship, instar changes and number of offsprings when reaching adulthood were registered daily. Gompertz and Weibull models were built with daily survivorship data, Biological and demographic parameters were obtained and compered with Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric ANOVA and multiple comparisons with α= 0.05. Nymphal period was significantly longer on Baguette Premium 11 and BioInta 2004 (9.5 – 8.9 days) whereas on ColibrĂ and BioInta 1002 was shorter (5.66 – 5.42 d). The reproductive period lasted more on ACA 315, Baguette Premium 11 and BioInta 2004 (40 – 28 d) and lasted around 5 d on BioInta 1002, Buck Meteoro and Klein Yarará. The net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly higher on BioInta 2004 and ACA 315 with 75.18 and 64.57♀♀/♀/generation, respectively, however the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was significantly higher on ColibrĂ (0.279 ♀♀/♀/d) due to a short generational time (13.1 d). Due to the high values of the coefficients of determination (R2), the daily survival rates in the respective cultivars had a good adjustment in both Gompertz and Weibull models. Cohorts reared on the tested wheat cultivars, except ACA 315 and Klein Yarará, shown significantly lower intrinsic rates of increase indicating some resistance level regarding the susceptible cultivar ColibrĂ.Inst. de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola IMyZAFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Vasicek, Araceli. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: LĂłpez, M. Universidad de MorĂłn. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Ciencias Agroalimentarias. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Bosco, N. Universidad de MorĂłn. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Ciencias Agroalimentarias. Cátedra de ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Imperiale, P. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; ArgentinaFil: Bainotti, Carlos Tomas. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez; Argentin
Parámetros biológicos y poblacionales de Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) sobre dos cultivares de Vitis vinifera = Biological and populational parameters of Planococcus ficus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on two cultivars of Vitis vinifera
La cochinilla harinosa Planococcus ficus Signoret causa severos daños en viñedos argentinos. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar los parámetros biolĂłgicos y poblacionales de P. ficus sobre los cultivares de Vitis vinifera Chardonnay y Malbec, asĂ como evaluar el efecto de las temperatura sobre tales parámetros y obtener las respectivas curvas estimadas de crecimiento poblacional. Con temperaturas constantes de 15, 25 y 37 °C, 46 % de H.R. y fotoperĂodo de 16:8 h (Luz: Oscuridad), diariamente se registraron el nĂşmero de individuos de cada estadio, la ecdisis y la descendencia. A 25 °C, el perĂodo ninfal fue similar en ambos cultivares. La fecundidad, la tasa intrĂnseca de incremento natural (rm), la tasa finita de incremento (λ) y la tasa neta de reproducciĂłn (R0) sobre Malbec fueron
superiores a Chardonnay. El tiempo generacional (T) y el tiempo de duplicaciĂłn (D) fueron menores en Malbec. A 15 °C las cochinillas criadas sobre Malbec lograron reproducirse, no se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en los cultivares ensayados. No se verificĂł el cumplimiento del ciclo completo a 37 °C. Se demostrĂł que la capacidad reproductiva de P. ficus fue mayor sobre Malbec.The vine mealybug Planococcus ficus Signoret causes severe damage to Argentine vineyards. The aim of this study was to compare the biological and population parameters of P. ficus on Vitis vinifera cultivars Chardonnay and Malbec, as well as to evaluate the effect of temperature on these parameters and obtain the respective estimated population growth curves. At constant temperatures of 15, 25 and 37 °C, 46% RH and photoperiod of 16:8 h (Light: Darkness cycle), the number of individuals of each stage, age changes and offsprings were recorded daily. At 25 °C, the nymphal period was similar in both cultivars. Fertility on Malbec was higher than on Chardonnay. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) was lower on Chardonnay. The finite rate of increase (λ) follows the same trend. The net reproductive rate (R0) was higher in Malbec. The generation time (T) and doubling time (D) were lower on Malbec. At 15 °C, no significant differences between cultivars were observed, only the mealybugs reared on Malbec were able to reproduce. The complete cycle was not verified at 37 °C. It was shown that the reproductive capacity of P. ficus was higher on Malbec.EEA MendozaFil: Gonzalez, Marcela Fabiana. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza. Agencia de ExtensiĂłn Rural Lujan de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; Argentin
Control biolĂłgico de áfidos por mĂ©todos conservativos en cultivos hortĂcolas y aromáticas
En los agroecosistemas con predominio de monocultivos, la biodiversidad se encuentra fuertemente alterada produciendo frecuentes situaciones de inestabilidad en el sistema. El manejo del hábitat constituye una alternativa para el manejo de plagas que se destaca por ser compatible y sustentable en tĂ©rminos del cuidado ambiental.Inst. de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola IMyZAFil: Andorno, Andrea Veronica. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola. Insectario de Investigaciones para Lucha BiolĂłgica; ArgentinaFil: Botto, Eduardo Norberto. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola. Insectario de Investigaciones para Lucha BiolĂłgica; ArgentinaFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola. Insectario de Investigaciones para Lucha BiolĂłgica; ArgentinaFil: Mohle, Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola. Insectario de Investigaciones para Lucha BiolĂłgica; Argentin
Exploring species composition and population dynamics of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in peanut crops in Argentina
Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) are major pests of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). They cause feeding damage and indirect injuries transmitting plant viruses. In Argentina, peanut is commonly affected by thrips. The crop also is infected by groundnut ringspot orthotospovirus, a virus transmitted by thrips vectors. However, in the country, information about thrips in peanut is very scarce. A 3-yr study was conducted to characterize the species composition and thrips population dynamics in the main peanut-producing area in Argentina. Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom), followed by Caliothrips phaseoli (Hood) were the most abundant species. Together the two species accounted for ~ 95-99 % of the total adult thrips captured in each season. Significant different abundances were observed among these two thrips species throughout each peanut growing season. Nevertheless, the temporal dynamics of F. schultzei and C. phaseoli showed a similar trend in the three study years. In general, the colonization by F. schultzei started in late December and their population increased from the second half of January peaking around the first half of February. The highest densities of F. schultzei occurred simultaneously in foliage and flowers during the warmer months of the year.Instituto de PatologĂa VegetalFil: De Breuil, Soledad. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de PatologĂa Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: De Breuil, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de FitopatologĂa y ModelizaciĂłn AgrĂcola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Giudici, Albano Cesar. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: La Rossa, Francisco Ruben. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de MicrobiologĂa y ZoologĂa AgrĂcola; ArgentinaFil: Baldessari, Jorge Javier. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). EstaciĂłn Experimental Agropecuaria Manfredi; ArgentinaFil: Bejerman, Nicolas Esteban. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de PatologĂa Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Bejerman, Nicolas Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de FitopatologĂa y ModelizaciĂłn AgrĂcola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Giolitti, Fabian. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de PatologĂa Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Giolitti, Fabian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Unidad de FitopatologĂa y ModelizaciĂłn AgrĂcola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Lenardon, Sergio Luis. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de PatologĂa Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Lenardon, Sergio Luis. Universidad Nacional de RĂo Cuarto. Facultad de AgronomĂa y Veterinaria. Departamento de BiologĂa AgrĂcola; Argentin