96 research outputs found
Assessing consistency between CMB temperature and polarization measurements, with application to Planck, ACT and SPT
Planck's Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization
observations are the premier dataset for constraining cosmological models.
Cosmic variance limited temperature at large and intermediate scales today
dominates the constraints; polarization provides additional constraining power
and further scrutiny of the models. To complete this picture from Planck,
ground-based experiments, such as the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the
South Pole Telescope (SPT) continue to add temperature and polarization
measurements at small scales, allowing for the extraction of competitive
cosmological constraints from the and power spectra. Matching at the
same time all these stringent probes is a key challenge and validation step for
any cosmological model. In particular, CDM requires a tight
consistency between the temperature and polarization measurements. In this
paper, we present a number of methods to identify and quantify possible
inconsistencies between temperature and polarization, we apply them to the
latest Planck, ACT and SPT data and find no evidence for a deviation from
CDM. Application of these methods will have increased importance for
future, more constraining CMB data.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figure
Observational constraints on early dark energy
We review and update constraints on the Early Dark Energy (EDE) model from
cosmological data sets, in particular Planck PR3 and PR4 cosmic microwave
background (CMB) data and large-scale structure (LSS) data sets including
galaxy clustering and weak lensing data from the Dark Energy Survey, Subaru
Hyper Suprime-Cam, and KiDS+VIKING-450, as well as BOSS/eBOSS galaxy clustering
and Lyman- forest data. We detail the fit to CMB data, and perform the
first analyses of EDE using the CAMSPEC and Hillipop likelihoods for Planck CMB
data, rather than Plik, both of which yield a tighter upper bound on the
allowed EDE fraction than that found with Plik. We then supplement CMB data
with large-scale structure data in a series of new analyses. All these analyses
are concordant in their Bayesian preference for CDM over EDE, as
indicated by marginalized posterior distributions. We perform a series of tests
of the impact of priors in these results, and compare with frequentist analyses
based on the profile likelihood, finding qualitative agreement with the
Bayesian results. All these tests suggest prior volume effects are not a
determining factor in analyses of EDE. This work provides both a review of
existing constraints and several new analyses.Comment: 59 pages, 23 figures, 11 tables, Invited review for International
Journal of Modern Physics
Evidence for surface faulting earthquakes on the Montereale fault system (Abruzzi Apennines, central Italy)
We conducted paleoseismic studies along the Montereale fault system (MFS; central Italy). The MFS shows geomorphological evidence of Late Quaternary activity and falls within the highest seismic hazard zone of central Apennines, between the epicentral areas of two recent earthquake sequences: 2009 L’Aquila and 2016–2017 central Italy. We excavated two trenches along the San Giovanni fault splay of the system, one intercepting the N140° striking bedrock main fault plane and the other cutting two subparallel fault scarps on the colluvial/alluvial deposits on the fault hanging wall. Excavations revealed repeated fault reactivation with surface faulting in prehistorical and historical times. We recognized and dated seven events in the last 26 kyr. The most recent ground-rupturing event (evb1) possibly occurred 650–1,820 AD, consistent with one of the three main shocks that struck the area in 1,703 AD. A previous event (evb2) occurred between 5,330 BC and 730 BC, while older events occurred at 6,590–5,440 BC (evb3), 9,770–6,630 BC (evb4), and 16,860–13,480 BC (evb5). We documented two older displacement events (evb7 and evb6) between 23,780 BC and 16,850 BC. The minimum vertical slip rate at the trench site in the last 28–24 kyr is 0.3–0.4 mm/year. The inferred average recurrence interval for surface-faulting events along the MFS is no longer than ~4 kyr. Based on the surface fault length ranging between 12 and 20 km, earthquakes with ≥M 6.0 are possible for the MFS. The MFS is an independent earthquake source, and its paleoseismic data are fully comparable with those known for faults in central Apennines.Published2758-27766T. Studi di pericolosità sismica e da maremotoJCR Journa
Search for Periodic Gravitational Wave Sources with the Explorer Detector
We have developped a procedure for the search of periodic signals in the data
of gravitational wave detectors. We report here the analysis of one year of
data from the resonant detector Explorer, searching for pulsars located in the
Galactic Center (GC). No signals with amplitude greater than , in the range 921.32-921.38 Hz, were observed using data
collected over a time period of 95.7 days, for a source located at
hours and degrees. Our
procedure can be extended for any assumed position in the sky and for a more
general all-sky search, even with a frequency correction at the source due to
the spin-down and Doppler effects.Comment: One zipped file (Latex+eps figures). 33 pages, 14 figures. This and
related material also at http://grwav3.roma1.infn.it
Plagio, diritto d'autore e rivoluzioni tecnologiche (Plagiarism, Copyright and Technological Revolutions)
Evolutionarily Conserved Protein Sequences of Influenza A Viruses, Avian and Human, as Vaccine Targets
10.1371/journal.pone.0001190PLoS ONE21
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and its Implications for Structure Growth
We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over
sq. deg. of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the
Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6) CMB dataset, which
consists of five seasons of ACT CMB temperature and polarization observations.
We determine the amplitude of the CMB lensing power spectrum at
precision ( significance) using a novel pipeline that minimizes
sensitivity to foregrounds and to noise properties. To ensure our results are
robust, we analyze an extensive set of null tests, consistency tests, and
systematic error estimates and employ a blinded analysis framework. The
baseline spectrum is well fit by a lensing amplitude of
relative to the Planck 2018 CMB power spectra
best-fit CDM model and relative to
the best-fit model. From our lensing power
spectrum measurement, we derive constraints on the parameter combination
of
from ACT DR6 CMB lensing alone and
when combining ACT DR6 and Planck NPIPE
CMB lensing power spectra. These results are in excellent agreement with
CDM model constraints from Planck or
CMB power spectrum measurements. Our lensing measurements from redshifts
-- are thus fully consistent with CDM structure growth
predictions based on CMB anisotropies probing primarily . We find no
evidence for a suppression of the amplitude of cosmic structure at low
redshiftsComment: 45+21 pages, 50 figures. Prepared for submission to ApJ. Also see
companion papers Madhavacheril et al and MacCrann et a
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: High-resolution component-separated maps across one-third of the sky
Observations of the millimeter sky contain valuable information on a number
of signals, including the blackbody cosmic microwave background (CMB), Galactic
emissions, and the Compton- distortion due to the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
(tSZ) effect. Extracting new insight into cosmological and astrophysical
questions often requires combining multi-wavelength observations to spectrally
isolate one component. In this work, we present a new arcminute-resolution
Compton- map, which traces out the line-of-sight-integrated electron
pressure, as well as maps of the CMB in intensity and E-mode polarization,
across a third of the sky (around 13,000 sq.~deg.). We produce these through a
joint analysis of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release
4 and 6 at frequencies of roughly 93, 148, and 225 GHz, together with data from
the \textit{Planck} satellite at frequencies between 30 GHz and 545 GHz. We
present detailed verification of an internal linear combination pipeline
implemented in a needlet frame that allows us to efficiently suppress Galactic
contamination and account for spatial variations in the ACT instrument noise.
These maps provide a significant advance, in noise levels and resolution, over
the existing \textit{Planck} component-separated maps and will enable a host of
science goals including studies of cluster and galaxy astrophysics, inferences
of the cosmic velocity field, primordial non-Gaussianity searches, and
gravitational lensing reconstruction of the CMB.Comment: The Compton-y map and associated products will be made publicly
available upon publication of the paper. The CMB T and E mode maps will be
made available when the DR6 maps are made publi
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map
covering 9400 sq. deg. reconstructed from CMB measurements made by the Atacama
Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with BAO
measurements (from SDSS and 6dF), we obtain the amplitude of matter
fluctuations at 1.8% precision,
and the Hubble
constant at
1.6% precision. A joint constraint with CMB lensing measured by the Planck
satellite yields even more precise values: ,
and . These measurements agree
well with CDM-model extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured
by Planck. To compare these constraints to those from the KiDS, DES, and HSC
galaxy surveys, we revisit those data sets with a uniform set of assumptions,
and find from all three surveys are lower than that from ACT+Planck
lensing by varying levels ranging from 1.7-2.1. These results motivate
further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and
galaxy lensing, but also between CMB lensing probing on
mostly-linear scales and galaxy lensing at on smaller scales. We
combine our CMB lensing measurements with CMB anisotropies to constrain
extensions of CDM, limiting the sum of the neutrino masses to eV (95% c.l.), for example. Our results provide independent
confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general
relativity, and is described remarkably well by the CDM model, while
paving a promising path for neutrino physics with gravitational lensing from
upcoming ground-based CMB surveys.Comment: 30 pages, 16 figures, prepared for submission to ApJ. Cosmological
likelihood data is here:
https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actadv_prod_table.html ; likelihood
software is here: https://github.com/ACTCollaboration/act_dr6_lenslike . Also
see companion papers Qu et al and MacCrann et al. Mass maps will be released
when papers are publishe
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