1,246 research outputs found

    Matter-wave 2D solitons in crossed linear and nonlinear optical lattices

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    It is demonstrated the existence of multidimensional matter-wave solitons in a crossed optical lattice (OL) with linear OL in the x−x-direction and nonlinear OL (NOL) in the y−y-direction, where the NOL can be generated by a periodic spatial modulation of the scattering length using an optically induced Feshbach resonance. In particular, we show that such crossed linear and nonlinear OL allows to stabilize two-dimensional (2D) solitons against decay or collapse for both attractive and repulsive interactions. The solutions for the soliton stability are investigated analytically, by using a multi-Gaussian variational approach (VA), with the Vakhitov-Kolokolov (VK) necessary criterion for stability; and numerically, by using the relaxation method and direct numerical time integrations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE). Very good agreement of the results corresponding to both treatments is observed.Comment: 8 pages (two-column format), with 16 eps-files of 4 figure

    Dissipative Dynamics of Matter Wave Soliton in Nonlinear Optical Lattice

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    Dynamics and stability of solitons in two-dimensional (2D) Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC), with low-dimensional (1D) conservative plus dissipative nonlinear optical lattices are investigated. In the case of focusing media (with attractive atomic systems) the collapse of the wave packet is arrested by the dissipative periodic nonlinearity. The adiabatic variation of the background scattering length leads to metastable matter-wave solitons. When the atom feeding mechanism is used, a dissipative soliton can exist in focusing 2D media with 1D periodic nonlinearity. In the defocusing media (repulsive BEC case) with harmonic trap in one dimension and one dimensional nonlinear optical lattice in other direction, the stable soliton can exist. This prediction of variational approach is confirmed by the full numerical simulation of 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

    Green function approach for scattering quantum walks

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    In this work a Green function approach for scattering quantum walks is developed. The exact formula has the form of a sum over paths and always can be cast into a closed analytic expression for arbitrary topologies and position dependent quantum amplitudes. By introducing the step and path operators, it is shown how to extract any information about the system from the Green function. The method relevant features are demonstrated by discussing in details an example, a general diamond-shaped graph.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, this article was selected by APS for Virtual Journal of Quantum Information, Vol 11, Iss 11 (2011

    Estimativas de parâmetros genéticos em linhagens de amendoim baseadas em descritores associados ao ginóforo.

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    Os parâmetros genéticos em linhagens F2 de amendoim foram estimados baseando-se em descritores associados ao ginóforo, em dois municípios de Pernambuco - Brasil. Noventa indivíduos, obtidos a partir de cruzamento recíproco, e seus genitores foram avaliados em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, considerando-se os descritores: número de ginóforos totais, número de ginóforos no terço inferior, altura da haste principal e número de vagens/planta. Estimou-se também a eficiência reprodutiva das linhagens, baseando-se nas relações número de vagens por planta (NVP)/número de ginóforos totais (NGT) e número de vagens por planta (NVP)/número de ginóforos no terço inferior da planta (NGTI). Os componentes de variância foram estimados pelo Método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita (REML) e os valores genotípicos foram preditos pelo método da Melhor Predição Linear Não-Viesada (BLUP). A herdabilidade para todos os descritores situou-se entre baixa e mediana, indicando que a seleção inicial das plantas, baseadas nesses descritores, tem eficiência limitada. Correlações genéticas positivas foram encontradas entre o número de ginóforos totais (NGT) x número de vagens por planta (NVP) e número de ginóforos no terço inferior da planta (NGTI) x número de vagens por planta (NVP), sendo os descritores número de ginóforos no terço inferior da planta (NGTI) e número de ginóforos totais (NGT) úteis em processos de seleção, focalizando-se na produção de vagens

    Quantum chaos in nanoelectromechanical systems

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    We present a theoretical study of the electron-phonon coupling in suspended nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) and investigate the resulting quantum chaotic behavior. The phonons are associated with the vibrational modes of a suspended rectangular dielectric plate, with free or clamped boundary conditions, whereas the electrons are confined to a large quantum dot (QD) on the plate's surface. The deformation potential and piezoelectric interactions are considered. By performing standard energy-level statistics we demonstrate that the spectral fluctuations exhibit the same distributions as those of the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) or the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE), therefore evidencing the emergence of quantum chaos. That is verified for a large range of material and geometry parameters. In particular, the GUE statistics occurs only in the case of a circular QD. It represents an anomalous phenomenon, previously reported for just a small number of systems, since the problem is time-reversal invariant. The obtained results are explained through a detailed analysis of the Hamiltonian matrix structure.Comment: 14 pages, two column

    Anomalous quantum chaotic behavior in nanoelectromechanical structures

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    It is predicted that for sufficiently strong electron-phonon coupling an anomalous quantum chaotic behavior develops in certain types of suspended electro-mechanical nanostructures, here comprised by a thin cylindrical quantum dot (billiard) on a suspended rectangular dielectric plate. The deformation potential and piezoelectric interactions are considered. As a result of the electron-phonon coupling between the two systems the spectral statistics of the electro-mechanic eigenenergies exhibit an anomalous behavior. If the center of the quantum dot is located at one of the symmetry axes of the rectangular plate, the energy level distributions correspond to the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE), otherwise they belong to the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE), even though the system is time-reversal invariant.Comment: 4 pages, pdf forma

    Fitorreguladores na recuperação da germinação de lotes comerciais de sementes de maracujazeiro-azedo.

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    Sementes podem se tornar inviáveis ao longo do armazenamento, impossibilitando a comercialização de lotes em razão da baixa capacidade germinativa. Reguladores vegetais em sementes de Passiflora spp. têm sido empregado para potencializar a germinação. Neste trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar o uso de reguladores vegetais na germinação de sementes de lotes comerciais de maracujazeiro-azedo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em fatorial 8 x 2, com quatro repetições de 50 sementes. Sendo oito lotes de sementes de cultivares com diferentes períodos de armazenamento (BRS RC/18, BRS RC 024/15, BRS RC 028/14, BRS SC/17, BRS SC/16, BRS GA/17, BRS GA/16 e BRS GA/15) e dois tratamentos {[T1- água destilada e T2- uso de GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil)- aminopurina (300 ppm)]}. A germinação foi avaliada aos 7 e aos 28 dias após a incubação. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias dos tratamentos comparadas pelo teste Tukey. Houve efeito significativo dos lotes, dos tratamentos das sementes e também da interação. O tratamento com GA4+7 + N-(fenilmetil) - aminopurina (300 ppm) recuperou a germinação das sementes dos lotes BRS RC 024/15 e BRS RC 028/14, que não seriam mais comercializados por não atender as porcentagens mínimas de germinação exigidas
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