1,761 research outputs found
Estudio radiológico de las alteraciones del codo en el perro
Se realiza un estudio radiológico de las principales alteraciones de la articulación del codo en el perro. Se dividen en dos grandes grupos: primarias, que son alteraciones producidas directamente en esta articulación, entre las que se incluyen osteocondrosis, no unión de la apófisis ancónea, fractura de la apófisis coronoides y luxación congénita de codo; y secundarias en las que incluimos aquellas alteraciones originadas en otras parte de la extremidad pero que tienen repercusión en el codo, como son los cierres prematuros de las placas de crecimiento del cúbito y radio.A radiographic stutdy Was made outlining the main lesions of the elbow in the dog. The diffrerent processes are included in two broad categories: primary lesions, those arisen from the elbow joint directly, wich include osteochondrosis, unuited anconeal process, fragmented coronoid process and congenital luxation of the elbow; and secundary lesions, namely those alterations after other aspects of the forelimb that secondarly involve the elbow joint, i.e., premature closure of the radial and cubital physeal plates
Genetic and Molecular Factors in Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Review
The diagnosis of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is challenging and based on complex diagnostic criteria. DILI falls into two main categories i) intrinsic 'dose-dependent' Type A reactions ii) 'idiosyncratic' or Type B reactions (which are usually not predictable). Idiosyncratic reactions can be immunoallergic (hypersensitivity), or metabolic, although overlap between categories can occur. The aim of this review is to summarise the general view of underlying mechanisms in DILI and to highlight individual risk factors for developing hepatotoxicity. Polymorphisms of bioactivation/ toxification pathways through CYP450 enzymes (Phase I), detoxification reactions (Phase II) and excretion/transport (Phase III) are explored together with immunological factors that might determine DILI. The importance of establishing a multidisciplinary and multi-centric network to promote the understanding and research in hepatotoxicity is underlined. Challenges such as genetic analyses for association studies and whole genome studies, pharmacogenetic testing and future approaches to study DILI are considered. Knowledge regarding these operational mechanisms could provide further insight for the prospective identification of susceptible patients at risk of developing drug-induced hepatotoxicity.
Diagnóstico radiológico de la fractura de la apófisis coronoides medial del cúbito en el perro
En este trabajo se describen los signos radiológicos de la fractura de la apófisis coronoides medial del cúbito (FAC)en 22 perros de diferentes razas cuyas edades estaban comprendidas entre los 5 meses y los 8 años. En todos los casos se realizaron radiografías de ambos codos en las proyecciones craneolateral- caudomedial, mediolateral, mediolateral flexionada y craneocaudal. Las proyecciones craneolateral-caudomedial, y mediolateral resultaron las más valiosas desde un punto de vista diagnóstico mientras que las dos restantes aportaron una información complementaria.The radiological signs of fragmented medial corono id process (FCP) were described in 22 dogs of different breeds with an age ranged from 5 months to 8 years oId. A study of both elbows was performed in all dogs by means of craneolateral-caudomedial, mediolateral, flexed mediolateral and craneocaudal views. The craneolateral-caudomedial and mediolateral views resulted more diagnostic than the remaining ones which only showed ancillary information to the disease
Who Drives Climate-relevant Policies in Brazil?
In this report, the central question of our research is who drives/obstructs climate-relevant policies in Brazil, paying special attention to renewable energy policies, climate policies and politics. We aim to identify the actors (in government, the private sector and civil society) who drive, or obstruct, efforts to reduce the carbon intensity of Brazil’s energy mix. The hypothesis here is that the actors who drive climate policies in Brazil are not specifically concerned with global climate change itself, but with economic, social or even political issues, such as energy security, job creation, competitiveness, promoting national industries, and gaining political power domestically or internationally. In that sense, climate change mitigation can be regarded as a co-benefit of other policies (energy policies included) that may have very different objectives. To answer the above-mentioned question, this research assesses renewable energy policies in Brazil, identifying key actors from government, business and civil society and their explicit, or implicit, motivations.UK Department for International Developmen
Bases prácticas para el tratamiento del síndrome seborreico en el perro
El término seborrea o síndrome queratoseborreico describe un trastorno de la queratinización de carácter inespecífico que puede presentarse con origen primario o secundario, asociado, en este último caso, a muchas dermatosis del perro. El tratamiento sintomático de la seborrea es fundamental como apoyo al tratamiento específico y la única posibilidad terapéutica en los casos de seborrea primaria idiopática. Actualmente, el tratamiento antiseborreico se basa en productos de aplicación tópica y a menudo es difícil elegir entre la extensa gama de champús, lociones, cremas, etc., disponibles comercialmente. En la práctica, es importante conocer las características de sus principios activos y los efectos que tienen sobre la piel y trabajar con un número limitado de estos productos.The term seborrhea or keratoseborrheic syndrome describes a non-specific state of abnormal epidermal keratinization, that may arise with a primary or secondary origin, associated, in this latter case, with multiple canine dermatoses. Antiseborrheic therapy plays an importan: role in supporting specific treatment of the primary cause; moreover, it is the only possible treatment in those cases of idiopathic primary seborrhea. Currently, antiseborrheic therapy is based on topical formulations, but sometimes we are confused by the huge amount of shampoos, lotions, creams, ointments and others commercially available stuffs. Their proper use depends upon an understanding of their formulation and indications of their active components. From that point it is better to use a limited number of well known products
Transition from single-file to two-dimensional diffusion of interacting particles in a quasi-one-dimensional channel
Diffusive properties of a monodisperse system of interacting particles
confined to a \textit{quasi}-one-dimensional (Q1D) channel are studied using
molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We calculate numerically the mean-squared
displacement (MSD) and investigate the influence of the width of the channel
(or the strength of the confinement potential) on diffusion in finite-size
channels of different shapes (i.e., straight and circular). The transition from
single-file diffusion (SFD) to the two-dimensional diffusion regime is
investigated. This transition (regarding the calculation of the scaling
exponent () of the MSD ) as a
function of the width of the channel, is shown to change depending on the
channel's confinement profile. In particular the transition can be either
smooth (i.e., for a parabolic confinement potential) or rather sharp/stepwise
(i.e., for a hard-wall potential), as distinct from infinite channels where
this transition is abrupt. This result can be explained by qualitatively
different distributions of the particle density for the different confinement
potentials.Comment: 13 pages, 11 figure
An open, multi-vendor, multi-field-strength brain MR dataset and analysis of publicly available skull stripping methods agreement
This paper presents an open, multi-vendor, multi-field strength magnetic resonance (MR) T1-weighted volumetric brain imaging dataset, named Calgary-Campinas-359 (CC-359). The dataset is composed of images of older healthy adults (29-80 years) acquired on scanners from three vendors (Siemens, Philips and General Electric) at both 1.5 T and 3 T. CC-359 is comprised of 359 datasets, approximately 60 subjects per vendor and magnetic field strength. The dataset is approximately age and gender balanced, subject to the constraints of the available images. It provides consensus brain extraction masks for all volumes generated using supervised classification. Manual segmentation results for twelve randomly selected subjects performed by an expert are also provided. The CC-359 dataset allows investigation of 1) the influences of both vendor and magnetic field strength on quantitative analysis of brain MR; 2) parameter optimization for automatic segmentation methods; and potentially 3) machine learning classifiers with big data, specifically those based on deep learning methods, as these approaches require a large amount of data. To illustrate the utility of this dataset, we compared to the results of a supervised classifier, the results of eight publicly available skull stripping methods and one publicly available consensus algorithm. A linear mixed effects model analysis indicated that vendor (p - value < 0.001) and magnetic field strength (p - value < 0.001) have statistically significant impacts on skull stripping results170482494CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP311228/2014-3; 157534/2015-488881.062158/2014-012013/07559-3; 2013/23514-0; 2016/18332-
Al2O3 preforms infiltrated with poly(methyl methacrylate) for dental prosthesis manufacturing
The combination of biocompatible polymers and ceramics shows great promise in the development of composites with suitable mechanical properties for dental applications. In an attempt to further expand this research line, Al2O3 commercial powders (Vitro-ceram, Alglass, In-ceram) were sintered at 1400◦C for 2 h and infiltrated with poly(methyl methacrylate) for potential use in dental prostheses. The infiltration was performed using a homemade apparatus under a pressure of 7 bar for 6 and 12 h. The microstructure (studied using a scanning electron microscope), Archimedes density, 3-point bending flexural strength and Vickers hardness of the prepared composites were assessed and quantitatively compared. In general, microstructural analyses showed ceramic-and polymer-based interpenetrating network in all materials. The preforms infiltrated for 12 h showed superior properties; among them, the Vitro-ceram-based composite also demonstrated a near-zero open porosity and optimum mechanical characteristics. Specifically, its density, strength and hardness were 2.6 ± 0.07 g/cm3, 119.3 ± 5.0 MPa and 1055.1 ± 111.0 HV, respectively, passing the acceptance criteria of ISO 6872 and making it suitable for consideration as a metal-free structure for dental crowns and fixed partial prostheses until three anterior units
Caracterização ecofisiológica de cultivares de bananeira sob irrigação.
A identificação de genótipos de bananeira tolerantes ao estresse hídrico é uma etapa importante no melhoramento genético, visto que uma parcela significativa dos bananais não é irrigado, embora estejam em regiões com baixa incidência de chuvas, sobretudo, na região semiárida do Nordeste do país. A quantidade de chuvas necessárias ao bom desenvolvimento e produção de bananas está em torno de 1.900 mm por ano, bem distribuídos
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