Wormhole geometries with conformal motions

Exact solutions of traversable wormholes were recently found under the assumption of spherical symmetry and the existence of a non-static conformal symmetry. In this paper, we verify that in the case of the conformally symmetric spacetimes with a non-static vector field generating the symmetry, the conformal factor $\psi$ can be physically interpreted in terms of a measurable quantity, namely, the tangential velocity of a massive test particle moving in a stable circular orbit in the spacetime. Physical properties of the rotational velocity of test particles and of the redshift of radiation emitted by ultra-relativistic particles rotating around these hypothetical general relativistic objects are further discussed. Finally, specific characteristics and properties of gravitational bremsstrahlung emitted by charged particles in geodesic motion in conformally symmetric wormhole geometries are also explored.Comment: 7 pages. V2: clarifying comments added, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravit

Redução da severidade da brusone foliar em arroz por Sarocladium oryzae.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar, em casa de vegetação, o potencial de Sarocladium oryzae na redução da severidade da brusone nas folhas de arroz. O isolado de S. oryzae, Sa03, da coleção de fungos e microrganismos multifuncionais da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão (CFMMCNPAF) foi cultivado em meio de cultura líquido (Omura, 1976) para a obtenção do filtrado e em BDA para obtenção de esporos

Potential for using crude extract of Sarocladium oryzae for suppression of rice blast.

Crude extract of an isolate of the fungus Sarocladium oryzae (CNPAF So 20G), containing the antimicrobial cerulenin, was produced and its antagonistic potential on the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae was asessed. Cerulenin was detected in crude extract of S. oryzae through thin layer chromatography showing a Rf value of 0.63. The quantity of cerulenin in the crude extract was 237 µg.mL-1. The in vitro inhibition of germination and appressorial formation of M. oryzae was assessed on an artificial hydrophobic surface, using eight different doses of cerulenin ranging from 0.05 to 30.0 µg.mL-1. The LD50 values calculated based on the Probit-log analysis for germination and appressorial formation were 1.298 ± 0.123 µg.mL-1 and 0.0705 ± 0.0062 µg.mL-1 of cerulenin, respectively. The 30.0 µg.mL-1 of cerulenin dose inhibited 98% and 99%, germination and appressorial formation, respectively. The mode of action of cerulenin was studied by staining conidia with Calcofluor White and fluorescent microscopy showing its effect on plasma membrane. Crude extract of S. oryzae suppressed 63% of rice blast disease in greenhouse conditions. The results indicate that a product based on cerulenin and/or S. oryzae has a great potential to be used in biological control of rice blast

Inibição do desenvolvimento micelial de Magnaporthe oryzae por metabólito extracelular produzido por Sarocladium oryzae.

O trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o agente responsável pelo efeito antagônico entre isolados de Sarocladium oryzae e de Magnaporthe oryzae, avaliando a ação do metabólito extracelular produzido pelo primeiro sobre o desenvolvimento micelial do segundo

Inibição do desenvolvimento micelial de Magnaporthe oryzae por metabólito extracelular produzido por Sarocladium oryzae.

A brusone (Magnaporthe oryzae) é a principal doença da cultura do arroz. Algumas estratégias para o biocontrole vêm sendo estudadas como integrantes do manejo integrado da doença. Com o objetivo de caracterizar parcialmente o filtrado da cultura de Sarocladium oryzae responsável por antagonismo a M. oryzae, o isolado CNPAF So 20G de S. oryzae foi inoculado em meio de cultura líquido e incubado à 30 C. Após filtração do meio, sua fração apolar foi extraída e concentrada. Os cristais obtidos foram solubilizados em etanol. A solução foi diluída e adicionada em diferentes proporções em placas de Petri contendo meio BDA, gerando cinco tratamentos: 0,08, 0,15, 0,35, 0,75, 1,0 (μL de solução/mL de meio) que foram inoculados com discos de M. oryzae de cinco mm de diâmetro e incubadas a 25 oC por 10 dias. Foram feitas as medições dos diâmetros das colônias e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5%. Foi observada relação linear inversa entre a proporção de metabólito extracelular apolar produzido por S. oryzae e o crescimento micelial de M. oryzae. Os dados mostraram que a utilização de S. oryzae no controle biológico da brusone pode ser uma estratégia promissora.bitstream/item/57097/1/bp-37.pd

Caracterização parcial do filtrado da cultura de Sarocladium oryzae que inibe o crescimento micelial de Magnaporthe oryzae.

Com o objetivo de caracterizar parcialmente o filtrado da cultura de Sarocladium oryzae responsável pelo antagonismo de M. oryzae, o isolado CNPAF So 20G de S. oryzae foi inoculado em meio de cultura líquido (3% de glicerol, 1% de glicose, 0,5% de peptona e 0,2% de NaCl) e incubado por quatro dias à 30oC

Surface stresses on a thin shell surrounding a traversable wormhole

We match an interior solution of a spherically symmetric traversable wormhole to a unique exterior vacuum solution, with a generic cosmological constant, at a junction interface, and the surface stresses on the thin shell are deduced. In the spirit of minimizing the usage of exotic matter we determine regions in which the weak and null energy conditions are satisfied on the junction surface. The characteristics and several physical properties of the surface stresses are explored, namely, regions where the sign of the tangential surface pressure is positive and negative (surface tension) are determined. This is done by expressing the tangential surface pressure as a function of several parameters, namely, that of the matching radius, the redshift parameter, the surface energy density and of the generic cosmological constant. An equation governing the behavior of the radial pressure across the junction surface is also deduced.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX2e, IOP style files. Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity. V2: Four references added, now 25 page

Homogeneous singularities inside collapsing wormholes

We analyze analytically and numerically the origin of the singularity in the course of the collapse of a wormhole with the exotic scalar field Psi with negative energy density, and with this field Psi together with the ordered magnetic field H. We do this under the simplifying assumptions of the spherical symmetry and that in the vicinity of the singularity the solution of the Einstein equations depends only on one coordinate (the homogeneous approximation). In the framework of these assumptions we found the principal difference between the case of the collapse of the ordinary scalar field Phi with the positive energy density together with an ordered magnetic field H and the collapse of the exotic scalar field Psi together with the magnetic field H. The later case is important for the possible astrophysical manifestation of the wormholes.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures each of which has a),b),c),and d) sub-figures. To be published in "Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology

The TIGA technique for detecting gravitational waves with a spherical antenna

We report the results of a theoretical and experimental study of a spherical gravitational wave antenna. We show that it is possible to understand the data from a spherical antenna with 6 radial resonant transducers attached to the surface in the truncated icosahedral arrangement. We find that the errors associated with small deviations from the ideal case are small compared to other sources of error, such as a finite signal-to-noise ratio. An in situ measurement technique is developed along with a general algorithm that describes a procedure for determining the direction of an external force acting on the antenna, including the force from a gravitational wave, using a combination of the transducer responses. The practicality of these techniques was verified on a room-temperature prototype antenna.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Physical Review

f(R) Gravity with Torsion: The Metric-Affine Approach

The role of torsion in f(R) gravity is considered in the framework of metric-affine formalism. We discuss the field equations in empty space and in presence of perfect fluid matter taking into account the analogy with the Palatini formalism. As a result, the extra curvature and torsion degrees of freedom can be dealt as an effective scalar field of fully geometric origin. From a cosmological point of view, such a geometric description could account for the whole Dark Side of the Universe.Comment: 12 page