459 research outputs found

    Irrigación del esófago en su trayecto torácico en caninos

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    Se describen las variaciones de la irrigación del esófago canino en su trayecto torácico. Se disecaron 24 perros adultos de diferentes razas, edades y sexos, analizándose la irrigación esofágica según la situación de sus afluentes en el hemitórax derecho e izquierdo. En el segmento craneal derecho la arteria esofágica se originó del tronco costocervical en el 9% de los ejemplares, de la arteria subclavia derecha (18%) y de la sexta arteria intercostal derecha (28%). En el 45% de los casos se verificó la presencia de tres ramas esofágicas que nacían de la arteria aorta. En el segmento craneal izquierdo la arteria esofágica se originó en común con la arteria brónquica (33% de los ejemplares) o bien como colateral de la arteria brónquica izquierda (17%), la cual emite una rama esofágica dorsal y otra ventral; en el 50% restante se originó de la arteria aorta a partir del sexto espacio intercostal, a la que se denominó arteria esofágica media. En el segmento caudal derecho la arteria esofágica se originó a partir de la sexta arteria intercostal derecha (25%) y de la séptima arteria intercostal derecha (75%). En el segmento caudal izquierdo, el 90% de los caninos reveló que su esófago estaba irrigado por tres a cinco arterias esofágicas caudales provenientes de la arteria aorta, en tanto que en el 10% restante lo hacía a través de una colateral de la octava arteria intercostal izquierda. Tal disposición de las arterias esofágicas durante su trayecto intratorácico, acorde a sus áreas de distribución, sugieren la existencia de un circuito arterioso anastomótico para–esofágico craneal, conformado por el tronco tiro–laringo–esofágico

    Literacy practices of primary education children in Andalusia (Spain): a family-based perspective

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    Primary school children develop literacy practices in various domains and situations in everyday life. This study focused on the analysis of literacy practices of children aged 8–12 years from the perspec- tive of their families. 1,843 families participated in the non-experimental explanatory study. The children in these families speak Spanish as a first language and are schooled in this language. The instrument used was a self-report questionnaire about children’s home-literacy practices. The data obtained were analysed using categorical principal components analysis (CATPCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show the complex relationship between literacy practices developed by children in the domains of home and school and the limited development of a literacy-promoting ‘third space’. In conclusion, the families in our study had limited awareness of their role as literacy- promoting agents and thought of literacy learning as restricted to formal or academic spaces

    Casuística de leishmaniosis visceral canina en ciudades de la Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina) donde se registraron casos humanos

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    El objetivo de esta comunicación fue confrontar la casuística de leishmaniosis visceral canina con los casos registrados en seres humanos en algunas localidades de la Provincia de Corrientes (Argentina), con miras a establecer algún patrón que opere como herramienta para futuros planes sanitarios orien­tados al control de esta zoonosis. Se utilizaron datos humanos de entidades sanitarias y se obtuvieron diagnósticos en caninos mediante métodos indirecto (Kalazar rK 39) y directo (observación microscópica del amastigote en muestra de médula ósea), para las ciudades de Ituzaingó, Virasoro, Santo Tomé y Corrientes (Capital). Los resultados indicaron una relación directamente proporcional entre la cantidad de casos humanos versus caninos, que debería ser corroborada en estudios ulteriores que incluyeran lapsos más prolongados y ma­yor número de muestras.

    Comparación de tres sitios anatómicos de extracción de muestras de medula ósea para el diagnóstico de leishmaniosis canina

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    El objetivo del trabajo fue comparar tres lugares de extracción de médula ósea: esternón, cresta ilíaca y tercio ventral de las últimas costillas, estableciendo las ventajas y dificultades anatómicas, el volumen de muestra obtenida, la tolerancia del paciente y la celularidad de cada región. Se realizaron extracciones de muestras de médula ósea a 10 perros, con las cuales se efectuaron frotis que se fijaron con alcohol y se colorearon con Giemsa. Mediante microscopía óptica, a través del objetivo de inmersión se identificó la cantidad y los tipos celulares hallados en cada una de las regiones muestreadas. El lugar de elección resultó ser el tercio ventral de las costillas X, XI y XII, debido a que la situación superficial de las costillas permite la correcta fijación de las mismas y el guiado de la aguja, minimizando los riesgos de lesiones accidentales a otros órganos. Además, la condición delgada del hueso cortical permite allí una mejor penetración de la aguja y asegura la obtención de un volumen suficiente de muestra para realizar el extendido. La punción es bien tolerada y con la práctica se convierte en una técnica rápida y segura para el animal y el operador.

    Is asthma control more than just an absence of symptoms? An expert consensus statement

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    Purpose: Definitions and measures of asthma control used in clinical trials and in clinical practice vary considerably. There is also misalignment between patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) in terms of understanding and managing asthma control. This study aimed to progress towards a consensus definition of asthma control, and evaluate disparities between HCP and patient perspectives. Basic procedures: A two-stage Delphi questionnaire involving asthma specialists sought to identify areas of consensus on aspects of asthma control in clinical practice. Results were compared with those of a structured literature review to assess if existing guidance and measures of asthma control used in studies correlated with practice. Eighty-two panelists took part in the Delphi questionnaire. The structured literature review included 185 manuscripts and 31 abstracts. Main findings: Panelists agreed that there was no standard definition of asthma control, confirmed by a total of 19 different composite consensus/guideline definitions and/or validated measures of control being identified across the Delphi study and literature review. Panelists agreed on the positive associations of well-controlled asthma with patient outcomes, but not on the components or thresholds of a working definition of control. Principal conclusions: A universally accepted definition and measure of asthma control that is utilized and understood by patients, HCPs, and researchers is required

    Allopurinol y domperidona en el tratamiento de leishmaniosis visceral canina

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    In Argentina, human leishmaniosis treatment is regulated by means of the therapeutic scheme suggested by WHO and is provided by the government. The objective of this present work was to evaluate the progression of clinical signs, laboratory values and parasitic load at the beginning and during the progression of canine leishmaniasis, using a protocol that combined oral administration of allopurinol and domperidone as an alternative protocol of the standard pharmacological treatment. Ten dogs were admitted at the veterinary school hospital in Corrientes (Argentina), after clinical signs were evaluated. A comprehensive environmental and pharmacological therapeutic protocol was initiated by the combination of allopurinol and domperidone and a medical follow-up with clinical, laboratorial and parasitological parameters controls. All patients demonstrated a fast response to the treatment. The combination of allopurinol and domperidone shows favorable results, as long as adjustments are made according to clinical signs, biochemical profiles and the estimation of parasitic load. Although a higher number of cases as well as trial time are necessary, the results obtained from the protocol used in this assay, may indicate that it is an alternative that can be used in the pharmacological treatment of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Thus, it may be used as a tool for the epidemiological disease control..El tratamiento de la leishmaniosis humana en Argentina está normatizado con el esquematerapéutico sugerido por la OMS y es suministrado por el estado nacional en forma gratuita. La mayoría de las drogas utilizadas son desaconsejadas en el tratamiento farmacológico de perros afectados por leishmaniosis visceral por la dificultad de acceder al elevado costo y al riesgo de aumentar la generación de cepas resistentes. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la progresión de los signos clínicos, valores de laboratorio y carga parasitaria, al inicio y durante la administración combinada de allopurinol y domperidona por vía oral, en la Facultad de Veterinaria de Corrientes (Argentina). Se estudiaron 10 pacientes caninos en los cuales se evaluaron los signos clínicos, se efectuó el análisis serológico y se obtuvieron muestras de médula ósea. Se inició un protocolo terapéutico mediante la combinación de ambos fármacos y se efectuó un seguimiento con controles de los parámetros clínicos, laboratoriales y parasitológicos. Todos los pacientes mostraron mejoría clínica al inicio, pero la evolución fue irregular y particular para cada caso, con reclasificaciones de acuerdo a lo sugerido por el grupo Leishvet. Al realizar ajustes de acuerdo a los signos clínicos, perfiles bioquímicos y estimación de la carga parasitaria, la combinación de allopurinol y domperidona mostró resultados favorables a la dosis recomendada. Si bien es necesario una mayor casuística y tiempo de ensayo, los resultados permiten inferir que este protocolo podría constituir una alternativa en el tratamiento farmacológico y en el control epidemiológico de la leishmaniosis visceral canina

    A basis for variational calculations in d dimensions

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    In this paper we derive expressions for matrix elements (\phi_i,H\phi_j) for the Hamiltonian H=-\Delta+\sum_q a(q)r^q in d > 1 dimensions. The basis functions in each angular momentum subspace are of the form phi_i(r)=r^{i+1+(t-d)/2}e^{-r^p/2}, i >= 0, p > 0, t > 0. The matrix elements are given in terms of the Gamma function for all d. The significance of the parameters t and p and scale s are discussed. Applications to a variety of potentials are presented, including potentials with singular repulsive terms of the form b/r^a, a,b > 0, perturbed Coulomb potentials -D/r + B r + Ar^2, and potentials with weak repulsive terms, such as -g r^2 + r^4, g > 0.Comment: 22 page

    Spatial and temporal dispersion of Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in orchards infested with Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae).

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    Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) is an endoparasitoid and promising fruit fly control agent. The objective of the study was to determine the spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal dispersion of D. areolatus in the field. To evaluate the horizontal and temporal dispersion, two peach orchards were selected. In each orchard, 50 points were marked at different distances from the central point, from where 4,100 couples of D. areolatus were released. Four hours after release, parasitism units (PU) (3 per point) were fixed to the trees at a height of 1.5 m from the ground. The PUs were composed of ripe apples artificially infested with second instar larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus (30 larvae/fruit). For the evaluation of vertical dispersion, in an olive orchard six points were selected (trees of ≈4 m in height). Each tree was divided into three heights in relation to the ground (1.17, 2.34, and 3.51 m). Doryctobracon areolatus was able to disperse horizontally at a distance >60 m from the release point. However, the highest parasitism rates [15–45% (area 1); 15–27% (area 2)] were observed up to 25 m. Higher percentages of parasitism and of recovered offspring occur in the first days after the release of the parasitoid (2 DAR). As for vertical dispersion, D. areolatus parasitized A. fraterculus larvae up to the highest attachment height of the evaluated PUs (3.51). The results showed the potential use of D. areolatus in the management of fruit flies in the field.Online first. Accepted on 1 June 2023

    LEDGF/p75 Proteins with Alternative Chromatin Tethers Are Functional HIV-1 Cofactors

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    LEDGF/p75 can tether over-expressed lentiviral integrase proteins to chromatin but how this underlies its integration cofactor role for these retroviruses is unclear. While a single integrase binding domain (IBD) binds integrase, a complex N-terminal domain ensemble (NDE) interacts with unknown chromatin ligands. Whether integration requires chromatin tethering per se, specific NDE-chromatin ligand interactions or other emergent properties of LEDGF/p75 has been elusive. Here we replaced the NDE with strongly divergent chromatin-binding modules. The chimeras rescued integrase tethering and HIV-1 integration in LEDGF/p75-deficient cells. Furthermore, chromatin ligands could reside inside or outside the nucleosome core, and could be protein or DNA. Remarkably, a short Kaposi's sarcoma virus peptide that binds the histone 2A/B dimer converted GFP-IBD from an integration blocker to an integration cofactor that rescues over two logs of infectivity. NDE mutants were corroborative. Chromatin tethering per se is a basic HIV-1 requirement and this rather than engagement of particular chromatin ligands is important for the LEDGF/p75 cofactor mechanism
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