48 research outputs found
Social Phobia in an Italian region: do Italian studies show lower frequencies than community surveys conducted in other European countries?
BACKGROUND: The lifetime prevalence of Social Phobia (SP) in European countries other than Italy has been estimated to range from 3.5% to 16.0%. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of SP in Sardinia (Italy) in order to verify the evidence of a lower frequency of SP in Italy observed in previous studies (from 1.0% to 3.1%). METHODS: A randomised cross sample of 1040 subjects, living in Cagliari, in rural areas, and in a mining district in Sardinia were interviewed using a Simplified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDIS). Diagnoses were made according to the 10(th )International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence of SP was 2.2% (males: 1.5%, females: 2.8%) whereas 6-month prevalence resulted in 1.5% (males: 0.9%, females: 2.1%). Mean age at onset was 16.2 ± 9.3 years. A statistically significant association was found with Depressive Episode, Dysthymia and Generalized Anxiety Disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The study is consistent with findings reported in several previous studies of a lower prevalence of SP in Italy. Furthermore, the results confirm the fact that SP, due to its early onset, might constitute an ideal target for early treatment aimed at preventing both the accumulation of social disabilities and impairments caused by anxiety and avoidance behaviour, as well as the onset of more serious, associated complications in later stages of the illness
Laimaphelenchus suberensis sp. nov. associated with Quercus suber in Portugal
Laimaphelenchus suberensis sp. nov. obtained
from declining Quercus suber trees of Herdade da
Gouveia de Baixo, Alentejo, Portugal, is described and
illustrated based on morphological, biometrical and molecular
characters. The diagnosis of Laimaphelenchus
species has been commonly based on the presence or
absence of a vulval flap and on the shape structure of the
tail tip. The species described here has been included in
the Laimaphelenchus group without vulval flap, and can
be distinguished from morphologically similar species
by its tail tip shape structure that has a stalk-like terminus
and three diffuse tubercles with 4–6 finger-like
protrusions. For the molecular analyses, the mitochondrial
DNA region from the cytochrome oxidase subunit
I (mtCOI), the D2-D3 expansion segments of the large
subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) of rRNA gene
were amplified and sequenced. Sequences of
L. suberensis sp. nov. clustered separately from all
Laimaphelenchus spp. with available sequences in
Genbank, confirming its identification as a new species.
This is the second report of the genus Laimaphelenchus
in Portugal, associated with Q. suber: L. heidelbergi and
L. suberensis sp. nov.This research was supported by CFE,
CIEPQPF and FEDER funds through the ‘Programa Operacional
Factores de Competitividade – COMPETE’ and by national funds
through FCT–Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia under the
projects UID/BIA/04004/2013, PEst-C/EQB/UI0102/2013 and
FCOMP-01-0124-008937 (Ref. PTDC/BIA–BEC/102834/2008)
and by Instituto do Ambiente, Tecnologia e Vida (IATV). Carla
Maleita (SFRH/BPD/85736/2012) and Sofia Costa (SFRH/BPD/
102438/2014) were financed by MEC National funding and The
European Social Fund through POCH (Programa Operacional
Capital Humano).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio