Atopic dermatitis phenotypes in childhood.

none6noBackground Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and can be the first step of the atopic march. Objective In this retrospective study, we analysed the immunological and clinical patterns of AD in a group of children affected by the disease since their first years of life, in order to evaluate if and how these patterns can change over time, and to identify biomarkers that can possibly correlate with the clinical phenotype. Methods We enrolled Caucasian children with diagnosis of AD performed by a specialist on the basis of Hanifin and Rajka?s criteria and with a first clinical and laboratory evaluation before 5?years of age. Patients were divided in 2 groups: IgE-associated AD (with or without allergic respiratory diseases) and non-IgE-associated AD. Results Among 184 patients enrolled in this study, at the beginning 30/184 were classified as having non-IgE-associated AD, but during follow-up, at the median age of 36?months, 15 patients became allergic. All 15 patients who switched from the non-IgE to the IgE-associated form had a significantly earlier onset of AD than those who did not switch. Dust mite sensitization seem to be the best biomarker (OR 2.86) to predict the appearance of allergic respiratory diseases. Conclusion IgE-associated AD is more frequent in childhood than non-IgE-associated AD. These two phenotypes are different in the age of onset and in the remission patterns. In the first years of life, it is important to distinguish the different phenotypes in order to evaluate possible allergic related conditions.noneRicci G; Dondi A; Neri I; Ricci L; Patrizi A; Pession A.Ricci G; Dondi A; Neri I; Ricci L; Patrizi A; Pession A

Biogeography, ecology, and spatial patterns of patagonian lizards

Patagonia has a great diversity of lizards, including 6 families, 11 genera and 163 species. The majority of this diversity with documented geographical records corresponds to the Liolaemidae family (Phymaturus and Liolaemus). Latitudinally, lizard richness is higher between 37° to 39° S, decreasing gradually until latitude 54° S; longitudinally, it is higher between 69° and 71° W. The georeferenced records and the number of collected specimens have some biases, with higher values in the northern regions (up to latitude 42° S). However, there are areas up to latitude 45° S with species richness similar to others with a greater number of collected individuals. The vegetation units with the highest species richness (S) in Argentinean Patagonia are the northern and central areas reaching west of Chubut Province: Western District (S = 60) and Typical Southern Monte (S = 49), passing through areas with intermediate richness and with only one species (Wet Magellanic Steppe) or none (Evergreen shrub, Monte?s Mountains and Valleys, Western Interior Pampa, and Peat Bogs). There is a general trend towards lower species richness in vegetation units located in the extreme south of Argentina and south of latitude 41° S in Chile. We evaluated differences in lizard diversity and evenness among vegetation units through a dendrogram based on species incidences and found 6 clusters. Then, we compared species richness between members of each cluster with rarefaction curves. Species marginally distributed in Patagonia have a narrower altitudinal range than Patagonian endemics. Species in genus Liolaemus have small differences in altitudinal range, but species of Phymaturus have pronounced differences in altitudinal ranges. Our spatial analyses, based on intensive systematic-taxonomic activity over the last two decades, shed light into the understanding of lizard distributions in one of the regions with the greatest diversity of reptiles in the world. We also provide ecological and spatial metrics for an updated list of Patagonian lizards. We highlight that the usefulness of discretizing large volumes of information and geographic space into a synthetic framework allows using quantitative results for the study of spatial patterns of biodiversity, decision-making for design studies, use of resources and creation of protected areas.Fil: Minoli, Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Puerto Iguazú; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Cristian Hernan Fulvio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagonico. Unidad de Administracion Territorial.; ArgentinaFil: Morando, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; ArgentinaFil: Avila, Luciano Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto Patagónico para el Estudio de los Ecosistemas Continentales; Argentin