1,462 research outputs found
Bayesian Conditioning, the Reflection Principle, and Quantum Decoherence
The probabilities a Bayesian agent assigns to a set of events typically
change with time, for instance when the agent updates them in the light of new
data. In this paper we address the question of how an agent's probabilities at
different times are constrained by Dutch-book coherence. We review and attempt
to clarify the argument that, although an agent is not forced by coherence to
use the usual Bayesian conditioning rule to update his probabilities, coherence
does require the agent's probabilities to satisfy van Fraassen's [1984]
reflection principle (which entails a related constraint pointed out by
Goldstein [1983]). We then exhibit the specialized assumption needed to recover
Bayesian conditioning from an analogous reflection-style consideration.
Bringing the argument to the context of quantum measurement theory, we show
that "quantum decoherence" can be understood in purely personalist
terms---quantum decoherence (as supposed in a von Neumann chain) is not a
physical process at all, but an application of the reflection principle. From
this point of view, the decoherence theory of Zeh, Zurek, and others as a story
of quantum measurement has the plot turned exactly backward.Comment: 14 pages, written in memory of Itamar Pitowsk
Properties of 125 GeV Higgs boson in non-decoupling MSSM scenarios
Tantalizing hints of the Higgs boson of mass around 125 GeV have been
reported at the LHC. We explore the MSSM parameter space in which the 125 GeV
state is identified as the heavier of the CP even Higgs bosons, and study two
scenarios where the two photon production rate can be significantly larger than
the standard model (SM). In one scenario, is
enhanced by a light stau contribution, while the () rate
stays around the SM rate. In the other scenario, is
suppressed and not only the but also the
() rates should be enhanced. The rate can be
significantly larger or smaller than the SM rate in both scenarios. Other
common features of the scenarios include top quark decays into charged Higgs
boson, single and pair production of all Higgs bosons in collisions at
GeV.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures, accepted version for publication in JHE
General Gauge Mediation at the Weak Scale
We completely characterize General Gauge Mediation (GGM) at the weak scale by
solving all IR constraints over the full parameter space. This is made possible
through a combination of numerical and analytical methods, based on a set of
algebraic relations among the IR soft masses derived from the GGM boundary
conditions in the UV. We show how tensions between just a few constraints
determine the boundaries of the parameter space: electroweak symmetry breaking
(EWSB), the Higgs mass, slepton tachyons, and left-handed stop/sbottom
tachyons. While these constraints allow the left-handed squarks to be
arbitrarily light, they place strong lower bounds on all of the right-handed
squarks. Meanwhile, light EW superpartners are generic throughout much of the
parameter space. This is especially the case at lower messenger scales, where a
positive threshold correction to coming from light Higgsinos and winos is
essential in order to satisfy the Higgs mass constraint.Comment: 43 pages, 20 figures, mathematica package included in the sourc
A Complete Model of Low-Scale Gauge Mediation
Recent signs of a Standard Model-like Higgs at 125 GeV point towards large
A-terms in the MSSM. This presents special challenges for gauge mediation,
which by itself predicts vanishing A-terms at the messenger scale. In this
paper, we review the general problems that arise when extending gauge mediation
to achieve large A-terms, and the mechanisms that exist to overcome them. Using
these mechanisms, we construct weakly-coupled models of low-scale gauge
mediation with extended Higgs-messenger couplings that generate large A-terms
at the messenger scale and viable mu/B_mu-terms. Our models are simple,
economical, and complete realizations of supersymmetry at the weak scale.Comment: 33 pages; v2: refs added, minor change
LHC Coverage of RPV MSSM with Light Stops
We examine the sensitivity of recent LHC searches to signatures of
supersymmetry with R-parity violation (RPV). Motivated by naturalness of the
Higgs potential, which would favor light third-generation squarks, and the
stringent LHC bounds on spectra in which the gluino or first and second
generation squarks are light, we focus on scenarios dominated by the pair
production of light stops. We consider the various possible direct and cascade
decays of the stop that involve the trilinear RPV operators. We find that in
many cases, the existing searches exclude stops in the natural mass range and
beyond. However, typically there is little or no sensitivity to cases dominated
by UDD operators or LQD operators involving taus. We propose several ideas for
searches which could address the existing gaps in experimental coverage of
these signals.Comment: 41 pages, 12 figures; v2: included new searches (see footnote 10),
minor corrections and improvement
Supersymmetry in the shadow of photini
Additional neutral gauge fermions -- "photini" -- arise in string
compactifications as superpartners of U(1) gauge fields. Unlike their vector
counterparts, the photini can acquire weak-scale masses from soft SUSY breaking
and lead to observable signatures at the LHC through mass mixing with the bino.
In this work we investigate the collider consequences of adding photini to the
neutralino sector of the MSSM. Relatively large mixing of one or more photini
with the bino can lead to prompt decays of the lightest ordinary supersymmetric
particle; these extra cascades transfer most of the energy of SUSY decay chains
into Standard Model particles, diminishing the power of missing energy as an
experimental handle for signal discrimination. We demonstrate that the missing
energy in SUSY events with photini is reduced dramatically for supersymmetric
spectra with MSSM neutralinos near the weak scale, and study the effects on
limits set by the leading hadronic SUSY searches at ATLAS and CMS. We find that
in the presence of even one light photino the limits on squark masses from
hadronic searches can be reduced by 400 GeV, with comparable (though more
modest) reduction of gluino mass limits. We also consider potential discovery
channels such as dilepton and multilepton searches, which remain sensitive to
SUSY spectra with photini and can provide an unexpected route to the discovery
of supersymmetry. Although presented in the context of photini, our results
apply in general to theories in which additional light neutral fermions mix
with MSSM gauginos.Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures, references adde
Border Terriers under primary veterinary care in England: demography and disorders
The Border Terrier is a working terrier type that is generally considered to be a relatively healthy and hardy breed. This study aimed to characterise the demography and common disorders of Border Terriers receiving veterinary care in England using de-identified electronic patient record data within the VetCompass™ Programme
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