2,231 research outputs found
Ising model with spins S=1/2 and 1 on directed and undirected Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graphs
Using Monte Carlo simulations we study the Ising model with spin S=1/2 and 1
on {\it directed} and {\it undirected} Erd\"os-R\'enyi (ER) random graphs, with
neighbors for each spin. In the case with spin S=1/2, the {\it undirected}
and {\it directed} ER graphs present a spontaneous magnetization in the
universality class of mean field theory, where in both {\it directed} and {\it
undirected} ER graphs the model presents a spontaneous magnetization at (), but no spontaneous magnetization at which is
the percolation threshold. For both {\it directed} and {\it undirected} ER
graphs with spin S=1 we find a first-order phase transition for z=4 and 9
neighbors.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure
Test of Universality in Anisotropic 3D Ising Model
Chen and Dohm predicted theoretically in 2004 that the widely believed
universality principle is violated in the Ising model on the simple cubic
lattice with more than only six nearest neighbours. Schulte and Drope by Monte
Carlo simulations found such violation, but not in the predicted direction.
Selke and Shchur tested the square lattice. Here we check only this
universality for the susceptibility ratio near the critical point. For this
purpose we study first the standard Ising model on a simple cubic lattice with
six nearest neighbours, then with six nearest and twelve next-nearest
neighbours, and compare the results with the Chen-Dohm lattice of six nearest
neighbours and only half of the twelve next-nearest neighbours. We do not
confirm the violation of universality found by Schulte and Drope in the
susceptibility ratio.Comment: 6 pages including 4 figures, Physica A, in pres
Wild Trypanosoma cruzi I genetic diversity in Brazil suggests admixture and disturbance in parasite populations from the Atlantic Forest region
Background
Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) infection is an ancient and widespread zoonosis distributed throughout the Americas. Ecologically, Brazil comprises several distinct biomes: Amazonia, Cerrado, Caatinga, Pantanal and the Atlantic Forest. Sylvatic T. cruzi transmission is known to occur throughout these biomes, with multiple hosts and vectors involved. Parasite species-level genetic diversity can be a useful marker for ecosystem health. Our aims were to: investigate sylvatic T. cruzi genetic diversity across different biomes, detect instances of genetic exchange, and explore the possible impact of ecological disturbance on parasite diversity at an intra-species level.
Methods
We characterised 107 isolates of T. cruzi I (TcI; discrete typing unit, DTU I) from different major Brazilian biomes with twenty-seven nuclear microsatellite loci. A representative subset of biologically cloned isolates was further characterised using ten mitochondrial gene loci. We compared these data generated from Brazilian TcI isolates from around America.
Results
Genetic diversity was remarkably high, including one divergent cluster that branched outside the known genetic diversity of TcI in the Americas. We detected evidence for mitochondrial introgression and genetic exchange between the eastern Amazon and Caatinga. Finally, we found strong signatures of admixture among isolates from the Atlantic Forest region by comparison to parasites from other study sites.
Conclusions
Atlantic Forest sylvatic TcI populations are highly fragmented and admixed by comparison to others around Brazil. We speculate on: the possible causes of Atlantic Forest admixture; the role of T. cruzi as a sentinel for ecosystem health, and the impact disrupted sylvatic transmission cycles might have on accurate source attribution in oral outbreaks
Fatigue resistance of Y-TZP/porcelain crowns is not influenced by the conditioning of the intaglio surface
Ovarian activity before and after gonadal suppression by GnRH-a in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinism and acanthosis nigricans
Ictiofauna Da Bacia Do Rio Mundaú, Estado Do Ceará, Nordeste Do Brasil
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Mundaú river basin is located at Center-North Ceará State and occupies a total area of 2,227 km2, including Estuário do Rio Mundaú Environmental Protection Area. This study aimed to catalog the fishes of this basin. Collections were performed with active and passive gear in 35 sampling sites, between 2012 and 2014, in several habitats (main channels, streams, floodplains, permanent and temporary pools, ponds, and dams). A total of 2,545 specimens were collected, belonging to 55 species distributed in 10 orders, 31 families, and 50 genera; 30 of these are strictly freshwater species, and 25 estuarine-marine species. Three species (Hemigrammus guyanensis Gery, 1995, H. rodwayi Durbin, 1909 and Poecilia sarrafae Bragança & Costa, 2011) represent new records for the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga ecoregion. Besides, two cynolebiid species, Hypsolebias sp. and Anablepsoides cearensis (Costa & Vono, 2009), were found and the latter, currently classified as critically endangered, had its occurrence area widened. © 2017, Universidade Estadual de Campinas UNICAMP. All rights reserved.17123038.005584/2012-20, CAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFUNCAP, Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES
Immunophenotypic characterization of normal blood CD56+lo versus CD56+hi NK‐cell subsets and its impact on the understanding of their tissue distribution and functional properties
Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2001 Jul-Aug;27(4):731-43.
Immunophenotypic characterization of normal blood CD56+lo versus CD56+hi NK-cell subsets and its impact on the understanding of their tissue distribution and functional properties.
Lima M, Teixeira MA, Queirós ML, Leite M, Santos AH, Justiça B, Orfão A.
Service of Clinical Hematology, Unit of Cytometry, Hospital Geral de Santo António, Porto, Portugal. [email protected]
Abstract
In the present study we have compared the immunophenotypic characteristics of the CD56+lo and CD56+hi NK-cell subsets in a group of normal healthy adults. Our results show that CD56+hi NK-cells display greater light-scatter properties than CD56+lo NK-cells at the same time they have higher levels of CD25 and CD122 IL-2 chains, together with a higher reactivity for HLA-DR and CD45RO and lower levels of CD45RA, supporting that, as opposed to the majority of the CD56+lo population, CD56+hi NK-cells might correspond to a subset of activated circulating NK-lymphocytes. Higher expression of the CD2 and CD7 costimulatory molecules found for the CD56+hi NK-cells would support their greater ability to respond to various stimuli. In addition, CD56+hi NK-cells expressed higher levels of several adhesion molecules such as CD2, CD11c, CD44, CD56, and CD62L compared to CD56+lo NK-cells, supporting a particular ability of these cells to migrate from blood to tissues and/or a potential advantage to form conjugates with target cells. Interestingly, CD56+lo and CD56+hi NK-cells showed a different pattern of expression of killer receptors that might determine different activation requirements for each of these NK-cell subsets. For instance, absence or low levels of CD16 expression might explain the lower antibody-dependent cytotoxicity activity of CD56+hi NK-cells. On the other hand, the virtual absence of expression of the CD158a and NKB1 immunoglobulin-like and the greater reactivity for the CD94 lectin-like killer receptors on CD56+hi in comparison to CD56+lo NK-cells might determine different MHC-class I specificities for both NK-cell subsets, a possibility that deserves further studies to be confirmed.
PMID: 11778657 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE
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