Phylogenetic interrelationships of the barbets (Aves: Capitonidae) and toucans (Aves: Ramphastidae) based on morphology with comparisons to DNA-DNA hybridization

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73985/1/j.1096-3642.1988.tb01728.x.pd

Pales and Northern Pine Weevil Control on Scotch Pine, Atwood, Pa., 1979

Abstract A stand of 1.5 to 2 m Scotch pine Christmas trees was used for insecticide evaluation. The plantation was partially harvested in 1976 to 1978. Pretreatment weevil populations were noted on March 27'79 by inspecting for adults or stumps, trunk end pieces left from harvest, and in the duff. Pales and northern pine weevils were present and mating. A tree row with at least 7 new stumps (from trees cut the previous fall) was treated as one replicate within a block. Treatments were replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied on April 17. Four to six ounces of insecticide mixed with kerosene (except Sevln UCSF 1 in water) were applied to each stump with a compressed air sprayer. Temperature was 10° to 12°C with wind being 3mph. Stump treatments were evaluated on October 25. The stumps (4 each of 5 replicates) were stripped of bark to the first lateral root and the chip cocoons counted. Weevil cocoons were not differentiated as to species.</jats:p