The magnitude of educational disadvantage amongst indigenous minority groups in Australia.

Indigenous groups are amongst the most disadvantaged minority groups in the developed world. This paper examines the educational disadvantage of indigenous Australians by assessing academic performance at a relatively early age. We find that, by the age of 10, indigenous Australians are substantially behind non-indigenous Australians in academic achievement. Their relative performance deteriorates further over the next 2 years. School and locality do not appear to be important determinants of the indigenous to non-indigenous achievement gap. However, geographic remoteness, indigenous ethnicity and language use at home have a marked influence on educational achievement. A current focus of Australian indigenous policy is to increase school resources. Our results suggest that this will not eliminate indigenous educational disadvantage on its own

Evidence of increased occurrence of Atlantic bluefin tuna in territorial waters of the United Kingdom and Ireland

This is the final version. Available on open access from Oxford University Press via the DOI in this recordData availability: Where applicable available data sources are linked in text. Where not specifically referred to in-text, data are subject to inter-organization data-sharing agreements and/or GDPR restrictions. Consequently, data requests will be processed on a case-by-case basis by the authors.Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT, Thunnus thynnus; Linneaus, 1758) is an ecologically important apex-predator with high commercial value. They were once common off the coast of the United Kingdom (UK), before disappearing in the 1960s. In regions lacking commercial fisheries for ABT, such as the UK and Ireland, spatial data can be scarce. In these cases, sightings and bycatch databases can offset information shortfalls. Here, we document the reappearance of ABT into territorial waters of the UK from 2014 onwards, and increased occurrence off Ireland. We analyse a novel, multi-source dataset comprising occurrence data (2008–2019; 989 sightings and 114 tonnes of bycatch) compiled from a range of sources (scientific surveys, ecotours and fisheries). We show an increasing trend in effort-corrected ABT occurrence in (i) the pelagic ecosystem survey in the western English Channel and Celtic Sea (PELTIC), (ii) an ecotour operator, and (iii) the Irish albacore fishery in on-shelf and off-shelf waters. Sightings of ABT by the PELTIC correlated with modelled abundance estimates of ABT and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation. These data demonstrate that sightings of ABT have increased off the UK and Ireland since 2014, following the same increasing trend (2010 onwards) as the eastern ABT population.University of ExeterEuropean Maritime and Fisheries FundDepartment for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA)NOAA Bluefin Tuna Research ProgramTag-A-Giant Fund (TAG

Auld Robin Gray [music] /

For voice and piano.; Caption title.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.mus-vn3410230; Library's N copy cropped

Regional Small Business Perceptions of the Internet: The Case of Wyong Shire

This paper examines the use of the Internet by small and medium-sized businesses in the Wyong Shire, a rapidly growing region of the NSW Central Coast for which policy makers have considered use of the Internet as a business tool to encourage employment in the region. Survey data are used to focus on how businesses perceive the importance of the Internet for their future and the extent to which they appear strategically organised and able to take up the potential of the Internet. It finds that the average business does not consider the Internet to be important for its future, nor does it evidence much strategic organisation. There is some indication of the presence of very small, young start-ups ready to grow via the Internet platform. If regional development policy is to focus on the Internet as a development vehicle, it needs also to understand how and why the Internet is being used, not just whether it is being used by businesses