Dietary factors associated with metabolic syndrome in Brazilian adults

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is defined as the association of numerous factors that increase cardiovascular risk and diet is one of the main factors related to increase the MS in the population. This study aimed to evaluate the association of diet on the presence of MS in an adult population sample.</p> <p>Methodology</p> <p>305 adults were clinically screened to participate in a lifestyle modification program. Anthropometric assessments included waist circumference (WC), body fat and calculated BMI (kg/m²) and muscle-mass index (MMI kg/m²). Dietary intake was estimated by 24 h dietary recall. Fasting blood was used for biochemical analysis. MS was diagnosed using NCEP-ATPIII (2001) criteria with adaptation for glucose (≥ 100 mg/dL). Logistic regression (Odds ratio) was performed in order to determine the odds ratio for developing MS according to dietary intake.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>An adequate intake of fruits, OR = 0.52 (CI:0.28-0.98), and an intake of more than 8 different items in the diet (variety), OR = 0.31 (CI:0.12-0.79) showed to be a protective factor against a diagnosis of MS. Saturated fat intake greater than 10% of total caloric value represented a risk for MS diagnosis, OR = 2.0 (1.04-3.84).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Regarding the dietary aspect, a risk factor for MS was higher intake of saturated fat, and protective factors were high diet variety and adequate fruit intake.</p

Diets high in vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers as a protective factor for metabolic syndrome in bank employees

Monica Cattafesta,1 Luciane Bresciani Salaroli2 1Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Vit&oacute;ria, Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Brazil; 2Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Integrated Education, Federal University of Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Vit&oacute;ria, Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Brazil Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing, and its development may be related to westernized diets and working conditions.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of dietary patterns in bank employees with the presence of MetS, considering sociodemographic and behavioral factors as well as laboratory tests.&nbsp;Subjects and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 515 bankers. Sociodemographic, occupational, behavioral, and food consumption data were collected. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis with orthogonal varimax rotation.Results: The dietary pattern of vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers was correlated with the presence of MetS and with waist circumference measurements and triglyceride levels. Individuals in the third and fifth quintiles of the pattern &ldquo;vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers&rdquo; presented with 3.28 and 2.24 times less chances of MetS when compared to individuals in the first quintile of this dietary pattern (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.13&ndash;0.67, and OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21&ndash;0.92, respectively). Subjects over 45 years of age were almost twice as likely to develop MetS (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01&ndash;3.77).Conclusion: Healthy eating represented by the dietary pattern &ldquo;vegetables, fruits, cereals, and tubers&rdquo; was associated with better health among bank employees, especially when evaluating competing metabolic complications such as MetS. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, dietary patterns, food consumption, workers, bank employee

Metabolic syndrome and C-reactive protein in bank employees

Monica Cattafesta,1 Nazar&eacute; Souza Bissoli,2 Luciane Bresciani Salaroli,1,31Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, 2Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, 3Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Department of Health Integrated Education, Federal University of Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Vit&oacute;ria, Esp&iacute;rito Santo, Brazil Background: The ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) is used for the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, but it is not well described as a marker for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods: An observational and transversal study of bank employees evaluated anthropometric, hemodynamic, and biochemical data. CRP values were determined using commercial kits from Roche Diagnostics Ltd, and MS criteria were analyzed according to National Cholesterol Education Program&rsquo;s &ndash; Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP/ATP III). Results: A total of 88 individuals had MS, and 77.3% (n=68) of these showed alterations of us-CRP (P=0.0001, confidence interval [CI] 0.11&ndash;0.34). Individuals with MS had higher mean values of us-CRP in global measures (P=0.0001) and stratified by sex (P=0.004) than individuals without the syndrome. This marker exhibited significant differences with varying criteria for MS, such as waist circumference (P=0.0001), triglycerides (P=0.002), and diastolic blood pressure (P=0.007), and the highest levels of us-CRP were found in individuals with more MS criteria. Conclusion: us-CRP was strongly associated with the presence of MS and MS criteria in this group of workers. us-CRP is a useful and effective marker for identifying the development of MS and may be used as a reference in routine care. Keywords: C-reactive protein, bank employees, metabolic syndrome, inflammation mediators, occupational healt

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees according to different defining criteria, Vitória/ES, Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees in the city of Vitoria/ES, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included 521 working men and women ≥20 years of age. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and hemodynamic characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the crude and adjusted OR of the variables, and the statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%. RESULTS: We identified 86 (17.2%) and 113 (22.6%) subjects with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation, respectively. The risk of developing metabolic syndrome was higher in individuals with a high school education (OR 2.6 [CI(95%), 1.1-6.1]). In overweight and obese subjects, the risks were also higher (OR 12.6 [CI(95%), 4.8-33.2, p = 0.000] and OR 43.7% [CI(95%), 16.1-118.9, p = 0.000], respectively). CONCLUSION: A large number of bank employees have metabolic syndrome, which can be associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Individuals who had college degrees had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome; this finding can be explained by the high rates of overweight and obesity found in subjects with college and graduate school educations